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© © All Rights Reserved
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/ 52
a
Name
oe ™
Algebre
Chapter 4M
Hatri Ces 4.1/4.2
4.3
4.5
4.6/4.8
47
Review
170
. 178
. 186
. 203
. 209
224
217
. 229
Algebra 2
Mrs. Gattis
Chapter 4 Assignments
#1-13 odd, 21, 23, 30, 31, 33-43 odd
#1-21 odd, 24, 25, 29, 31, 37
#1-35 odd, 46, 47, 51, 57
#1, 3, 11-23 odd, 41, 43, 53, 54
#14, 17-23 odd, 24, 27, 35, 36
#3, 5, 27, 28
#5, 7, 11, 15, 16, 23-25, 27, 29, 35, 49, 53
# 1, 3, 6, 7, 10, 11-27 odd, 37-45 odd, 48 Lesson 4-1 (pp. 169-169)
Organizing Data into Matrices
Lesson Objectives
WY Identifying matrices and
their elements
Y Organize data into matrices
NAEP 2005 Strand: Number Properties and Operations
Topic: Ratios and Proportional Reasoning,
Local Standards:
(eee
A matrix is
A matrix element is
@ Dimensions of a Matrix Write the dimensions of each matrix.
- i i] The matrix has rows and ‘columns and is therefore a
2 9 matrix.
b. [0 6 15] The matrix has row and columns and is therefore a
matrix.
© Elements of a Matrix Identify each matrix element.
3-1-8 5
K=|1 8 4 9
8-4 7-5
a. key, be kg,
3-1 -8 5 30-1 -8 5
Ke|1 8 4 9 Keal1- 18 49)
8-4 «7 -5 8 -4 7-5
ky is the element in the ‘kos is the element in the
row and column. row and column,
Element kay is Element ky is
Ce eur)
1. Write the dimensions of each matrix. ‘tg
a. (s i sl b. [8 -3 15] ld ees
: 62 9 © Organizing Data Using a Matrix Three students kept track of the games they
won and lost in'a chess competition. They showed their results in a chart. Write a
2X 3 matrix to show the data.
Let each row represent the number of wins and losses and each column
represent a student,
v=Win X= Loss Ed
Jo Lew
ed lv {xivivi{xlvlv Wins 6
o |v[vi[v[v[xiv}v Losses | 2 4
lew |X |v ix |xX|viv {x
Renee
2. Use the matrix from Example 2 to identify each matrix element.
a. k33 be ky ck, @. kyo
Rewrite the matrix in Example 3 as a 3 X 2 matrix. Label the rows and columns.
How could you modify your matrix to include data from other players?
c. Explain the difference between an a X b matrix and a b X a matrix. 41 & 42
IV. MATRICES & DETERMINANTS
4.1 Exploring Data: Matrix Operations
Matrix: arrangement of
numbers in and
6 2-1 aie
Ex. The order of this matrix is x
-20 5 Reece reereae
a You can only add or subtract matrices with the ny
|. State the order of the matrix ( Row by Column)
gh
2634 ee
1-90 §
3-218
x 2) Xx. 3) ___X,
Add or Subtract
2 3), [3 2 4 2] (2 8
4 [i ‘I [; ‘E 5) Gy a. ar
9 1 6) [9 0 3
6)|-5 0 9|#l-4 6 Bl=
2 -23}|3 -5 6
Riot 29 3
nfs 8 fee 2 oF 4.1 notes continued
Multiply by a scalar (a real #)
41-10
9) ff 7] 10) -2/6 3 1
29
ORDER OF OPERATIONS
-7 4
4/50 -1
8} [3 -2
ay [* &]4 [2 4] 2 [3 1
» -2 [: l= [7 | Matrix Addition and Scalar Multiplication
The Campus Bookstore's inventory of books consists of the following quantities:
Hardcover: textbooks--5280; fiction~-1680; nonfiction--2320; reference--1890,
Paperback: textbooks--1940; fiction--2810; nonfiction--1490; reference--2070.
The College Bookstore's inventory of books consists of the following quantities:
Hardcover: textbooks--6340;
Paperback: textbooks~2050;
tion--2220; nonfiction--1790; reference-1980.
iction--3 100; nonfiction--1720; reference--2710.
a.) Represent the inventory of the Campus Bookstore as a matrix.
b.) Represent the inventory of the College Bookstore as a matrix.
c.) Use matrix algebra to determine the total inventory of a new company formed
by the merger of the College Bookstore and the Campus Bookstore.
WwW The Lucrative Bank has three branches.in Durham: Northgate (N), Downtown (D), and
South Square (S). Matrix A shows the number of accounts of each type--checking (c), _(
savings (s), and market (m)--at each branch office on January 1.
c som
N 40039 10135 512
A= D_ 15231 8751 105
S 25612 12187 97
Matrix B shows the number of accounts of each type at each branch that were opened
during the first quarter, and matrix C shows the number of accounts closed during the
first quarter.
c so om c som
N 5209 2506 48 N. 2780 1100 32
B= D 1224 405 17 C= D 565 189 25
S 2055 771 21 S 824 235 14
a.) Calculate the matrix representing the number of accounts of each type at each
location at the end of the first quarter.
b.) The sudden closing of a large textile plant has led bank analysts to estimate that all
accounts will decline by 7% during the second quarter. Calculate a matrix that
represents the anticipated number of each type of account at each branch at the end
of the second quarter. Round fractions of accounts to integer values.
c.) The bank president announces that at the end of the second quarter, the Lucrative
Bank will merge with the Me D. Okra Bank, which has branches in the same
locations as those of the Lucrative Bank. The accounts at each branch of the
Me D. Okra Bank at the end of the second quarter are:
© s m
N 1345 2531 52
D 783 1987 137
S 2106 3765 813
Find the total number of accounts of each type at each branch of the bank formed
by the merger of the two banks at the end of the second quarter. 4.3 Matrix Multiplication
We can multiply Matrix A e Matrix B ONLY if:
the number of in A= the number of in B.
Ex. We can multiply a rx by xc
must be the same
Matrix A Matrix B Can you multiply AeB? What order will it be?
4) 2x3 3x4
2) 5x2 5x2
3) 2x7 7x6
4) 4x5 3x4
In example #4, can you multiply BeA? What will the order be?
To multiply two matrices by hand: Add the products of the terms in Row 1 times the
terms in Column 1, Then Row 1 times Column 2....... Then move to Row 2 times
Column 1, Row 2 times Column 2, etc.....
1) ls
(2x2) © (2x2)
[4 s]fo ve
2 Jo ofl af
Note: Matrix multiplication ! Note:
6) fl - 4.2 Anotes continued
2
7) [i -2 3]
1
43
9) Solve for X: [5 j
10) Solve for X and Y:
7
I
4x
-6 5
Hl
y7
27-15 4.3 Matrix Multiplication & Word Problems
Ex. 1) Four girls competed in a gymnastics meet. Use matrix multiplication to :
determine the total score for each gitl after three rounds of competition.
Round
rit
ey onesg | eee
57 6 2143) = I30 40 51 53
1332
49 8 34 45 64 59
Score
Amy: Betty: Cindy: Dana:
2) Costumes have been designed for the school play. Each boy's costume requires 5
yards of fabric, 4 yards of ribbon, and 3 packets of sequins. Each gir's costume
requires 6 yards of fabric, 5 yards of ribbon, and 2 packets of sequins. Fabric costs
$4 per yard, ribbon costs $2 per yard, and sequins cost $.50 per packet. Use matrix
multiplication to find the total cost of the materials for each costume.
Cost of each boy's costume:
Cost of each girl's costume: 4.28 notes continued
3) Several years ago Mr. Pennypincher invested in growth stocks, which he hoped
would increase in value over time. He bought 100 shares of stock A, 200 shares of
stock B, and 150 shares of stock C. At the end of each year he records the value of
each stock. The table below shows the price per share of each stock at the end of
the years 1994, 1995, and 1996. Calculate the total value of Mr. Pennypincher's
stocks at the end of each year.
i9o4 [1995 | 1996
_Stock A_| $68.00 | $72.00 | $75.00
Stock B_| $55.00 | $60.00 | $67.50
Stock C | $82.50 | $84.00 | $87.00
4) Ata regional competition for industrial design students, each project submitted is given a
score from 1 to 10 in each of three categories: precision (weight = 30%), surface finish,
(weight = 20%), and artistic design (weight = 50%). The total score for a project is found by
adding the products of each category score and its weight. The six finalists have the
scores given in the table below. Use matrix multiplication to determine the 1", 2", & 3%
place winners and their scores.
a 7 ¢
8 6 10
6 8 10
2 7
10 10 6
S26)
1* place: with a score of
2" place: with a score of
3" place: with a score of Ma Multiplication 10
The K. L. Mutton Company has investments in three states--North Carolina, North {
Dakota, and New Mexico. ‘Its deposits in each state are divided among bonds,
mortgages, and consumer loans. The amount of money (in millions of dollars) invested
in each category on June | is displayed in the table below.
NC _ND_NM
Bonds] 13 25 22
Mort.| 6 9 4
Loans} 29 ee
The current yields on these investments are 7.5% for bonds, 11.25% for mortgages,
and 6% for consumer loans. Use matrix multiplication to find the total earnings for
each state,
Several years ago Ms. Alllen invested in growth stocks, which she hoped would increase
in value over time. She bought 100 shares of stock A, 200 shares of stock B, and 150
shares of stock C. At the end of each year she records the value of each stock. The
table below shows the price per share (in dollars) of stock A, B, and C at the end of the
years 1984, 1985, and 1986.
1985__ 1986
Stock A] 68.00 72.00 75.00
Stock B} 55.00 60.00 67.50
Stock C | 82.50 84.00 87.00
Calculate the total value of Ms. Allen's stocks at the end of each year. iL
A virus hits campus. Nurse Nancy discovers that the students are either sick, well, or
carriers of the virus. She finds the following percentages of people in each category.
depending on whether they are a junior or a senior:
Junior Senior
Well 15% 25%
Sick 35% 40%
Carrier] 50% 35%
The student population is distributed by class and sex as follows:
Males Females
Junior] 104
Senior] 107 103
How many sick males are there? How many well females? How many female carriers?
The Metropolitan Opera is planning its last cross-country tour. It plans to perform
Carmen and La Traviata in Atlanta in May. The person in charge of logistics wants to
make plane reservations for the two troupes. Carmen has 2 stars, 25 other adults, 5
children and 5 staff members. La Traviata has 3 stars, 15 other adults, and 4 staff
members. There are 3 airlines to choose from. Piedmont charges round-trip fares to
Atlanta of $630 for first class, $420 for coach, and $250 for youth. Eastern charges
$650 for first class, $350 for coach, and $275 for youth. Air Atlanta charges $700 for
first class, $370 for coach, and $150 for youth. If stars travel first class, other adults
and staff travel coach, and children travel for the youth fare, find the total cost for each
opera troupe with each airline. The Sound Company produces stereos. Their inventory includes four models--the 12
Budget, the Economy, the Executive, and the President models. The Budget model
needs 50 transistors, 30 capacitors, 7 connectors, and 3 dials. The Economy model
needs 65 transistors, 50 capacitors, 9 connectors, and 4 dials. The Executive model
needs 85 transistors, 42 capacitors, 10 connectors, and 6 dials. The President model
needs 85 transistors, 42 capacitors, 10 connectors, and 12 dials. The daily
manufacturing goal in a normal quarter is 10 Budget, 12 Economy, !1 Executive, and 7
President stereos.
a.) How many transistors are needed each day? capacitors? connectors? dials?
b.) During August and September, production is increased by 40%. What is the daily
production of Budget, Economy, Executive, and President models during these
months.
c.) It takes 5 person-hours to produce the Budget model, 7 person-hours to produce the
Economy model, 6 person-hours to produce the Executive model, and 7 person-
hours for the President model. Determine the number of employees needed to
maintain the normal production schedule, assuming everyone works an average 7
hours each day. How many employees are needed during August and September? 4.3 Extra Practice Word Problems
1, Homecoming committee had 3 different activities during homecoming
week to raise money. Adults and students attended. The attendance for
each activity is shown in the table below. Adult tickets sold for $3.50.
Student tickets sold for $2.50. Use matrix multiplication to determine how
much money was taken in each night.
Adults Students
Powder Puff | 420 [300
Football Game | 400 450
Dance 510 475
2. A school sells shirts, hats, and decals at two booths during a football
game. Use matrix multiplication to determine the total value of each items
sold at both booths during the game.
= Sales :
[ ~_| Shirts Hats Decals
Booth1 | 70 _|90 80
| Booth 2 100 50 90
| Value of Each Item (S) |
10 |
8
pes el
3. Look at the charts on page 179 in your book. Suppose that in 1990, you
accepted a teaching position in this school district. Your beginning code
is B, but by the year 1992-1993 you earned enough credits to be classified
as code C. What would your total salaries be for your first four years of
teaching? ws #3 Name.
Alg.2-4.3 MATRIX MULTIPLICATION (
1) Six boys competed in a diving contest. The 1st table shows the scores received on each
of the four dives. The second table shows the degree of difficulty of each dive performed.
The score for a dive is the product of the points awarded times the degree of difficulty.
Use matrix multiplication to determine the order of finish in this competition.
Dive
#1 #2 #3 #4
Alan 8997 Alan Bob Claude Dan Edgar Fred
Bob |7 86 5 #114 15 1.3 16 1.5 1.2
Claude |7 7 5 9 #2(16 14 4.7 1.4 16 1.5
Dan |6 976 #3/15 19 1.9 20 19 1.7
Edgar |8 8 7 8 #4([1.7 24 14 18 2.0 1.9
Fred [9 6 7 7.
Answer: 1°*= , ant = ,34= ,
ahs ysh= .6it=
2) The Centreville Widget Company has investments in three states — North Carolina,
North Dakota, and New Mexico. Its investments in each state are divided among
bonds, mortgages, and consumer loans. The amount of money (in millions of dollars)
invested in each category on June 1 is displayed in the table below. The current yield
on these investments are 7.5% for bonds, 11.25% for mortgages, and 6% for consumer
loans. Use matrix multiplication to find the total earnings for each state.
__North Carolina | North Dakota _| New Mexico
Bonds oie : eae?
Mortgages 6 4
Loans 29 13
Answer: N.C. $ ND. , NM. WS#3 page 2
3) Mrs. Danus calculates her students’ test averages for the term by using a formula
that weighs each of the students’ tests a certain percentage of the final grade. Test1,
2, and 4 each count 15% of the final grade. Test 3 counts 25% and Test 5 counts 30%.
The test scores of students A, B, and C are given below. Use matrix multiplication to
calculate each student's weighted average.
A BC
Test1 [82 92 74
Test2|85 88 68
Test3 |78 95 73
Test4 |75 85 82
Test 5 [84 94 81
Answer: Student A = %, Student B = %, Student %
=
Show work for examples #4 & #5 on your own paper & staple to this:
4) East, Central, and West schools need some new uniforms. East needs 10 band
uniforms, 20 basketball uniforms, 15 track uniforms, and 10 swimsuits. Central needs
20 band and 10 track uniforms. West needs 15 band, 20 basketball, and 10 swimming.
if a band uniform costs $90, basketball costs $40, a swimsuit costs $25, and a track
uniform costs $50, use matrix multiplication to find the total cost of uniforms for each
of the schools.
Answer: East = $ , Central = $. , West =$
ee
5) A Chicago company wants to send some if its employees to London. In the
Research & Development Department, 5 people plan to fly first class, 3 will fly
business class, and 2 will fly coach. In the Sales Division, 4 people will fly business
class & 8 will fly coach. Round-trip prices for four airlines are as follows:
Airlane 1* class = $1,280 business =$ 922 coac!
Airlane 1‘ class = $1,400 business = $1,024 coacl
Airlane 1" class = $1,320 business =$ 905 coacl
Airlane D: 1°‘ class = $1,450 business = $1,050 coac!
Display the people in a 2 x 3 matrix.
Display the $ in a matrix that can be multiplied by a 2 x 3 matrix.
a) How much will it cost to fly the Sales Division on Airline D?
b) Which airline will cost the Research & Development Division the least?
‘Answers
1) Edgar, Alan, Dan, Fred, Bob, Claude
2) N.C. = $3.39 milion, N.D. = $3.9075 mill, MN = $2.88 mill.
3) A=B1%, B= 92%, C= 76%
4) East = $2,700 Central = $2,300 West = $2,400
Sa) $10,072 b) Airline A
15 Algebra 2 Names:
Matrices WS
1, A trendy garment company receives orders from 3 boutiques. The first boutique
orders 25 jackets, 50 shirts, and 75 pairs of pants. The second boutique orders 30 jackets,
50 shirts, and 50 pairs of pants. The third boutique orders 20 jackets, 40 shirts, and 35
pairs of pants.
‘a. Display this information in a matrix whose rows represent the boutiques and
whose columns represent the type of garment ordered. Label the rows and
columns accordingly.
2. For breakfast, Patty had cereal, a medium-sized banana, a cup of 2% fat milk, and a
slice of buttered toast. She recorded the following information in her food journal.
Cereal: 165 calories, 3g fat, 33 carbohydrates, and no cholesterol. Banana: 120 calories,
no fat, 26g carbohydrates, and no cholesterol. Milk: 120 calories, 5g fat, 11
carbohydrates, and 15mg cholesterol. Buttered toast: 125 calories, 6g fat, 14
carbohydrates, and 18mg cholesterol.
a. Write this information in a matrix N whose rows represent the foods. Label
the rows and columns of your matrix,
b, State the values of Nos, N32, Naz.
¢. Write an interpretation of Nos, Nsz, and Neo. 3. The regent at a state university recently announced a 7% raise in tuition rates per
semester hour. The current rates per semester hour are shown in the table below.
53.50 71.00
145.50 175.00
a. Find a new matrix that represents the tuition costs per semester hour after the
7% raise goes into effect. Label your matrix.
b. Find a matrix that shows the actual dollar increase for each of the categories.
Label your matrix.
4. Susan’s credit union has investments in three states: Massachusetts, Nebraska, and
California. The deposits in each state are divided between consumer loans and bonds.
The amount of money (in 1000’s) invested in each category is displayed in the matrix
below.
‘Mass ‘Neb. Call
Loans 230 440 680
Bonds 780 860 940
a, The current yields on these investments are 6.5% for consumer loans and 7.2%
for bonds. Use matrix multiplication to find the total earnings for each state. Show the
set-up and label all of your matrices. 5. The fancy bag manufacturing company that makes and markets fine leather bags has
three factories: one in New York, one in Nebraska, and one in California, One of the
bags they make comes in three styles: handbag, standard shoulder bag, and roomy
shoulder bag. The production of each bag requires three kinds of work: cutting the
leather, stitching the bag, and finishing the bag.
Matrix T gives the time (in hours) of each type of work required to make each type of
bag.
Cuttin, Stitehiny Finishinj
Handbag 04 0.6 04
‘Standard 05 08 05
Roomy 06 1.0 0.6
Matrix P gives daily production capacity at each of the factories.
Handbag Standard Roomy
‘New York. 10 15 20
‘Nebraska 25 15 12
California 20 12 10
Matrix W provides the hourly wages of the different workers at each factory.
Cutting Stitchin; Finishin:
‘New York. 7.50 8.50, 9.00
Nebraska 7.00 8.00. 8.50
California 8.40 9.60. 10.10
Matrix D contains the total number of orders received at each factory for the months of
May and June.
Ma Tune
Handbag 600) 800)
‘Standard 800) 1000
Roomy 400 600
a. Matrix T can be described as a (Bag x Bag) matrix. Describe matrices P, W, and
D ina similar manner. b. Compute the production cost per bag at each factory. (Hint: You may have to
flip the rows and columns of one of the matrices) Show your set-up and label all
of your matrices.
c. Find the number of hours of each type of work needed each month to fill all
orders. (Hint: You may have to flip the rows and columns of one of the matrices)
Show your set-up and label all of your matrices.
I4 5 Determinants
Each matrix (same number of rows & columns) has a determinant.
ab
The determinant of the 2 x 2 matrix [ |
c
b
is symbolized as : d and is equal to
Ex. 1) Evaluate each determinant:
2 -3
Oe eee es
Evaluate determinant
1 a -1 2
| 2 | a o 6 4
Evaluate determinant
8 8 3-3
d) e)
-12 2 25
To evaluate a 3 x 3 matrix we use a “slightly” more complex method called the
DIAGONAL METHOD:
B43
ni2 0 5
0-2 -3 54.6 votes continued
-18 2
g) |6 4 6
-103
To find the AREA OF A TRIANGLE using determinants:
The area of a triangle with vertices (x:, y:),(X2, Y2) and (xs,Ys) is
where the symbol + indicates that! must
Ex. 2) Use a determinant to find the area of the triangle with vertices:
(-3,4), (4,2) and (1, -2)
x y ]
x y |
x y |
Answer: Area = [|
Ex3) /\
Answer: Area = a
A=+
Rie
N b.
Example 4
Find the area of the triangle with vertices (- 1, 4), (2,—3),
and (7, 2)
Finding the Equation of a Line Using Determinants
Points: __ and.
Formula for the Equation ofa Line through Two
Points:
a, Write the equation (in standard form) of the line
containing (— 1, 4) and (3, 6)
b. Write the equation (in standard form) of the line
containing (1, 2) and (5, 6).
22 | Extra Practice
4s etn
Name er
lin 1-4, evaluate the determinant ofthe 2 x 2 matrix.
6 2 -1 5 —-4 6 ‘0 -1
“Lt 3] ats a » (3 S$] “o 3]
In 5-7, evaluate the determinant of the 3 x 3 matrix. Expand by minors
along the indicated row or column.
5. Expand along Row 1. 6, Expand along Column 2. 7. Expand along Row 2.
Los 3-1 2 35 2
Sate 2g) 90 2 ‘|
7-3 6 le ae 5-30 4
{In 8-10, evaluate the determinant of the 3 x 3 matrix. Use the expansion
bby minors method.
1-205 1 4 3 Fee OLaT
a}4 5 -1 alo 2 5 w|-2 5 -2
cjueeey Geeaet) 2-1 4 306 3.
{In 11-13, evaluate the determinant of the 3 x 3 matrix. Use the diagonals method.
4 3-1 123 -1 2 0
w]-2 1 0 wi451 a] 5 1 6
5 6 -3 6 4 2 0 3-5
In 14-16, use a determinant to find the area of the triangle,
14, aa 50 CLD 16. a9
G2) aD
2.9
a)
ey
)
17, New Hampshire The figure at the right shows
‘a map of the state of New Hampshire. Use
the triangle superimposed over the map to
approximate the area of the state. Each unit on the
map represents one mile. Compare your answer to
the actual area of the state,
© Dcweamanscersiny
Determinants * 4.3 Aigebra2 7) z No calcalatec
Algebra IL Name
Review Section 4.1-43 Date
1) State the order of each matrix.
1 6 3 12
674 3 Gace
aj23a| v/2 alu 4 8| 4 [5]
927 5 3 9 6
4 247
3-61 4])[110 4 13) 19 22
21> 6 o--3\*|5 2 1-3, *)|* 3\*la a5
411
2] [4 eal
4) )a]-|-5 5) [71-[2] 6) 41 1
5 -2 5 -7
6 -3
1/12 6 22
7) 3|4 7 a) 9[% 4
15
2 No calculator
x 1] [-4 1] [14 4
*) qs te en in
-2
11) [4 2 2]x]-2]=
4
day tetcee jalan ee
ia 22)"|4 44
12 1] [4 3] [a 4
10.) }2y 7|-|2 x|=|8 -3
2eeFlt (Cn Steil2 2
0
12) |0|x[3 3 0 0]
2
100 3.5 -1
14) 0 1 ofx|2 2 4
oo1 2-48
15.) In the answer matrix, what is the entry in the 2nd row, 3rd column
when the two matrices below are multiplied?
4 2 2] [3 33
3 -2 I/x/8 5 3
25 3 114
26 No calculator
16.) State whether the given operations are possible. If so, what is the order of the
resulting matrix. If not, say why. .
a. Multiply a 2x3 matrix by a3.x 4 matrix.
b. Adda2x3 matrix and a 2x3 matrix.
c. Subtract a 2 x3 matrix from a 3 x 4 matrix.
d. Subtract a2 x3 matrix from a 2x3 matrix.
17.) What do we call the real number that is multiplied by each number of a matrix?
gia
12 4-3
8) |3 | 19) |5 | 20.) | 0 -4
“3/43
For #'s 21 and 22, find the determinant by expansion of minors.
N
1
21) ;/0 2 0
13-1
22)
nN
NN w
ve
26 No calculator
For #'s 23 and 24, find the determinant by the diagonals method.
709
23.)/2 01
30 -9
24.)
Aun
own
on gf
25) Find the area of the triangle with vertices (8, 5) , (6,-5), and (-4, 10).
26.) Find the equation of the line containing the points (-3,-2) and (9, 2) using
matrices.
2 3
ma a|2 2] =e
m)|5 in|" 4.2 and 4.3 Warm Up
1. The senior class play was performed on three different evenings. On
opening night there were 420 adults and 300 students. The second
night there were 400 adults and 450 students. The final night there
were 510 adults and 475 students. Adult tickets sold for $3.50 and
student tickets sold for $2.50. Use matrix multiplication to determine
how much money was taken in each night.
2. Amy invested $30,000 in three stocks. The expected annual returns of
Stock X, Stock Y, and Stock Z were 12%, 9% and 8%. She wants the
combined investment in Stock Y and Stock Z to be four times the
amount invested in Stock X. She is hoping to obtain an average return
of 9%. How much did she invest in each type of stock?
3. Find the area of the triangle.
(-2,0) (4,1)
28 Lesson ‘t,
Warm-up E:
1
Example 1:
3 Solving Systems Using Cramer's Rule
ixercises
Solve by using Cramer's Rule: 4x—2y = 10
8x—5y =11
Write the determinant and solve for x.
Write the determinant and solve for y. _
8x + By = 2
2x—4y = -10
24 c Ox + 2y = —31
15x + 18y = 51
Tx — 18y — 42
1x + 28y +2 =-21
Write the determinant to solve for x.
‘Use your graphing calculator to find x.
Write the determinant to solve for y.
‘Use your graphing calculator to find y.
Write the determinant to solve for z.
Use your graphing calculator to find z.
bd. 38x-19y +132
4x + 16y—21z
13x + 18y—11z
30 Extra Practice
Name
In 1-6, find the determinant of the coetticient matrix.
4x — Sy =-13 a (pyr
—3r+4y= 10 * lex +2y =78
xt yor=2 2+ y-3e=—4
4 fx 24758 6) xt2+ z= 2
-ytr=3 x+3y442= 10
In 7-12, use Cramer's rule to solve the linear system. (Hint: Use the
determinants calculated in Exercises 1-6.)
a, (Xt Iy=4 9, (28- y= 16
Lx+3y=0 * 6x +2y =78
x42y d+ y-32=—4
WW {3x + 5y +2 1) xt2y¢ 2= 2
Sx-2y-2= 0 x+3y+42= 10
13. Children’s Literature A. A. Milne (1882-1956), an
English author, became famous for his children’s
stories and poems. One of Milne’s most famous works,
Winnie-the-Pooh, is based on his son Christopher
Robin, and the young boy’s stuffed animals. Two years
after the first book was published, the Pooh stories,
continued in the book The House at Pooh Corner.
Solve the linear system given below to find the year
that cach of these great books were published. (Use
(Cramer's nile.)
Registered Voters In 14-17, use the following information,
In 1988, there were 6.047 million people registered to vote in Florida. Of
these, x million were registered democrats, y million were registered
republicans, and z million were registered as independent. The value
of x is 0.908 million more than the value of y. The value of ¥ is 1.935,
million more than z
14, Write an equation using the variables x, y, and 2, that represents the total
number of registered voters.
18. Write an equation that relates the number of registered democrats, x, to
the number of registered republicans, y
16. Write an equation that relates the number of registered republicans, to
the number of people registered as independent, 2
17. Show how Cramer's rule can be used to find the values of x, y, and =.
Solving Systems Using Cramer's Rule * 4.7 Algebra 2
© dc Haemansconsay
3] 4.7, Identity & Inverse Matrices
oe
m [eect > [aoa]
The multiplicative identity (I) for a 2 x 2 matrix is:
Ex. 2) 3 Fi | *
-6 7]| [014
3-1] [21
Ex.3) [-s ales : =
Two matrices are INVERSES of each other if
The symbol for the inverse of matrix A is:
Ajay =raue A'eA=
Here's how we find the inverse of a matrix.
(It seems tricky at first but, don't worry, you'll get the hang of it!)
32 4, 7A, notes continued
Ab : ; 4 D -b
Given matrix A = The inverse of A, At = — .
c D AD-be "|-c A
The fraction “out front" is 1 over the of matrix A.
Inside the matrix, & ‘switch places while b and c switch
“
where > means
IA b
Remember the determinant |
¢ D
If the determinant = 0, then
24 41 sees
Ex.4) A= Find At. Reminder: A? = —-__e
13 > *
Step 1: Check
Step2: AT=
Answer: A‘ = Answer: B=
Solving a Matrix Equation:
Let's take a little trip back to Algebra 1. How would you solve this?
Ay —=—29
2
We solve matrix equations in a similar manner.
AX= B To solve for matrix X, we multiply both
(AX) = (B) sides of the equation by
Ex. 6) Solve for matrix x:
A B
148], _ [4 -1 _ aH _
[t x= [2 0 eae
Ww 4.7A notes continued
Ex. 7) Solve for matrix X:
b yx=[
Ex. 8) Solve for matrix X:
Ea bls Lo 4
Ww
ut © de meamanscangary
ExtraPractice | A 7A
In 1-5, decide whether the matrices are inverses of each other.
‘G36 3) eloikG 2) 8G abla 4]
14-27 [Hs -18) 20 102 0 3-2
«[} 0 1 [3 i» -1| sfeds) [a i 3]
a0 4 30-12 248 2-3 4
In 6-9, find the inverse ofthe 2 x 2 matrix.
6 [73 7b 3] 8 [5 3] [3-23]
In 10-13, find A~' and use it to solve the matrix equation.
wf xf 3] 4
G 3)x-[ 7)
A
2 [5 ale
bs 6]
5
13.
Encoding Messages In 14-16, use the following information.
‘The message, MEET ME AT SUNSET, is to be encoded using the matrix
“(5 3
a=[2 1
x-2ys3
3x + 2y>9
x+y