St.
Ferdinand College
Cabagan Campus
Centro, Cabagan, Isabela
Tel./FAX. No. (078) 636-3221
MATHEMATICS 5
1st Quarter SY 2021-2022
Name: ____________________________ Date: _________
Grade & Section: _____________________
Learning Content 3: GREATEST COMMON FACTOR (GCF) AND
LEAST COMMON MULTIPLE (LCM)
LESSON TARGET/S
1. Finds the common factors, GCF, common multiples and LCM of 2–4 numbers using
continuous division.
2. Solves real-life problems involving GCF and LCM of 2-3 given numbers.
DRILL
Put a check (/) if the given number is divisible by the divisors above. Put a cross (×) if not.
Number 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
27 720
LESSON PROPER
COMMON FACTORS
Common factors are numbers that are factors of two or more numbers. These are factors
that two or more numbers share.
Example: Find common factors of 24 and 36.
To find the common factors of 24 and 36, we list down their factors:
24 can be expressed as: 36 can be expressed as:
24 = 1 × 24 36 = 1 × 36
24 = 2 × 12 36 = 2 × 18
24 = 3 × 8 36 = 4 × 9
24 = 4 × 6 36 = 6 × 6
The factors of 24 are: 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 12 and 24. The factors of 36 are 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 9, 12, 18 and
36.
Therefore, the common factors of 24 and 36 are 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, and 12.
GREATEST COMMON FACTOR (GCF)
The greatest common factor (GCF) is the largest number that is a factor of the given
numbers. It is the highest number that divides the given numbers without a remainder.
One way to find the greatest common factor is using continuous division. It is the
process of continuously dividing a set of numbers.
To find the GCF of a set of numbers using continuous division, the following steps can
be followed:
1. Divide the given numbers by their common factor. Write the common factor on the left
side of the given numbers. Write the quotients below the numbers.
2. Repeat Step 1 until the remaining numbers do not have any common factors except 1.
3. Multiply the divisors (the numbers written vertically on the left).
Let us learn how these steps are applied by watching the video from the link below.
Study also the examples in your book on pages 70-73.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WzIw_-8Gmb4
COMMON MULTIPLE
A common multiple is a whole number that is a shared multiple of each set of numbers.
The multiples that are common to two or more numbers are called the common multiples of
those numbers.
Example: Find the common multiples of 3 and 4.
To find the common multiples of 3 and 4, we list their multiples and then find their common
multiples.
Multiples of 3: 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, 21, 24, 27, 30, 33, 36...
Multiples of 4: 4, 8, 12, 16, 20, 24, 28, 32, 36, 40...
Common multiples of 3 and 4: 12, 24, 36…
LEAST COMMON MULTIPLE (LCM)
The least common multiple (LCM) is the smallest number that is divisible by the given
numbers. It is the smallest number that is a multiple of the given numbers. To find the LCM, the
method of continuous division will be used.
To find the LCM of a set of numbers using continuous division, the following steps can
be followed:
1. Divide the given numbers by their common factor. Write the common factor on the left
side of the given numbers. Write the quotients below the numbers.
Note: If two numbers have a common factor and the other numbers are not divisible by
that common factor, divide the two numbers by their common factor and copy the
numbers that are not divisible by that common factor.
2. Repeat Step 1 until no two remaining numbers have any common factor except 1.
3. Multiply the divisors (the numbers written vertically on the left) and the remaining
numbers written horizontally in the last row.
To learn how the steps are applied in the examples, let us watch the video from the link
below. Study also the examples in your book on pages 76-79.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XCdHP_NQyEQ
WRITTEN WORK
I. Find the GCF of the following numbers using continuous division. Use a separate sheet for
your solutions.
1. 24, 32 GCF: ____
2. 12, 30, 42 GCF: ____
3. 28, 32, 40 GCF: ____
4. 4, 6, 20 GCF: ____
5. 8, 56, 84, 112 GCF: ____
II. Encircle the letter of the correct answer.
1. The common multiples of 6 and 4 are
a. 2, 3, 4 b. 4, 6, 8 c. 8, 12, 16 d. 12, 24, 36
2. The common multiples of 4, 5, and 8 are
a. 8, 10, 16 b. 16, 20, 24 c. 40, 80, 120 d. 50, 90, 100
3. The LCM of 15 and 9 is
a. 3 b. 15 c. 45 d. 135
4. The LCM of 32 and 48 is
a. 64 b. 96 c. 128 d. 144
5. What is the LCM of 16, 20, and 30?
a. 120 b. 160 c. 200 d. 240
EXTENDED ACTIVTY
Directions:
1. In you textbook, answer
Towards Better Understanding A (1-5) and B (1-5) on page 74; and
Towards Better Understanding A (1-6) and B (1-5) on page 79.
REFERENCE/S
Phoenix Math 5 for the 21st Century Learners
DEPEd Math 5 Learning Materials
YouTube.com
