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BAS-101 - Practice Questions Unit 4

The document contains practice questions related to fiber optics and lasers. It is divided into two sections: Section A contains short answer questions about the basic principles of lasers, population inversion, optical fiber communication, and signal attenuation in fibers. Section B contains longer answer and numerical questions about specific lasers (ruby and He-Ne), Einstein's coefficients for emission, acceptance angles in fibers, fiber types and modes, sources of signal loss, and sample optical power calculations for fiber systems.

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212 views1 page

BAS-101 - Practice Questions Unit 4

The document contains practice questions related to fiber optics and lasers. It is divided into two sections: Section A contains short answer questions about the basic principles of lasers, population inversion, optical fiber communication, and signal attenuation in fibers. Section B contains longer answer and numerical questions about specific lasers (ruby and He-Ne), Einstein's coefficients for emission, acceptance angles in fibers, fiber types and modes, sources of signal loss, and sample optical power calculations for fiber systems.

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Practice Questions Related to Unit 4: Fibre optics and Laser

Section: A (2 Marks)

1. What is the basic principle of LASER?


2. Describe how laser is different from ordinary light.
3. Write the essential requirements of laser action.
4. Distinguish between spontaneous and stimulated emission.
5. What do you understand by population inversion?
6. What is the basic principle in optical fiber communication?
7. Define attenuation in an optical fiber.
8. Justify why single mode fibres are used for long distance.
9. With the help of a well-labelled diagram, name the components of an optical fibre.

Section B (10 Marks)

1. Discuss the construction and working of a Ruby laser with suitable energy level diagram.
2. Discuss the construction and working of He-Ne laser using suitable diagram. Why He-Ne laser is
more superior to Ruby laser?
A21
3. Explain about Einstein’s Coefficients A and B. Show that ∝ υ 3 . (Where A21 and B21 are the
B21
coefficients of spontaneous emission and stimulated emission).
4. Derive a relation between coefficients of spontaneous and stimulated emission and explain how
they are related to frequency of radiation.
5. What are acceptance angle and acceptance cone? Derive necessary expressions for them.
6. Discuss the types of optical fibre on the basis of mode in details.
7. Describe various mechanisms responsible for signal loss in optical fiber.
8. Give a block diagram showing how optical fiber communication may be made?
Numerical Problems:

(1) In a Ruby laser, total number of Cr+3 ions are 2.8x1019. If the laser emits radiation of wavelength
7000 Ǻ. Calculate the energy of the laser pulse.
(2) Calculate the population ratio of two states in He-Ne laser that produces light of wavelength
6000Ǻat 300K.
(3) Calculate the numerical aperture, acceptance angle and the critical angle of the optical fibre having
core refractive index 1.5 and the cladding refractive index 1.45.
(4) If the fractional difference between the core and cladding refractive indices of a fibre is 0.0135 and
numerical aperture is 0.2425 calculate the refractive indices of the core and cladding materials.
(5) A step index fibre has core and cladding refractive indices 1.466 and 1.460 respectively. If the
wavelength of light is 0.85 μm, find the normalized frequency and the number of modes supported
by the fibre. The diameter of the core is 50μm.
(6) A step index fibre has core-refractive index 1.466, cladding refractive index 1.46, compute the
maximum radius allowed for a fibre, if it is supported only one mode at a wavelength 1300 nm.
(7) A communication system uses 10 km fibre having a loss of 2.3 dB/km. Compute the output power
if the input power is 400 μW.
(8) An optical fibre of length 150 m has input power of 10 mW and output power 9μW. Compute loss
in dB/km.
(9) The optical power, after propagating through a 1000m long fiber, is reduced to 30% of its original
value. Calculate fiber loss in dB/Km.

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