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This document provides an overview of electricity, magnetism, electromagnetic waves, and mirrors. Some key points include: - Faraday's Law states that induced current is proportional to the change in magnetic flux. - Fleming's right-hand rule is used to determine the direction of induced current. - Electromagnetic waves include radio waves, microwaves, infrared, visible light, ultraviolet, X-rays, and gamma rays. They are arranged by decreasing wavelength. - Reflection and refraction cause light to bounce off or bend when changing mediums. Concave and convex mirrors form real or virtual images depending on the object's position.

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89 views2 pages

Reviewer

This document provides an overview of electricity, magnetism, electromagnetic waves, and mirrors. Some key points include: - Faraday's Law states that induced current is proportional to the change in magnetic flux. - Fleming's right-hand rule is used to determine the direction of induced current. - Electromagnetic waves include radio waves, microwaves, infrared, visible light, ultraviolet, X-rays, and gamma rays. They are arranged by decreasing wavelength. - Reflection and refraction cause light to bounce off or bend when changing mediums. Concave and convex mirrors form real or virtual images depending on the object's position.

Uploaded by

johnry colmenares
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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SCIENCE 10 (PHYSICS) REVIEWER

ELECTRICITY AND MAGNETISM

• Lodestone are hard block stones that had unusual property of attracting pieces of iron which is
known as Magnetite today.
• Faraday’s Law states that the induced current is proportional to the change of magnetic flux.
• The north magnetic field is pointing towards the south magnetic
field.
• Two ways to induce (begin) a current in a solenoid:
1. Moving a bar magnet inside a solenoid.
2. Moving a solenoid inside a magnetic field.
• Electric motors convert electrical energy to mechanical energy.
• Ferromagnetic materials are materials which exhibit strong
magnetism. Iron, cobalt, and nickel are examples of this material.
• Fleming’s right-hand rule is used to find the direction of the
induced current.
• Electric motor works:
-if a magnetic field exerts a force on a current-carrying conductor
-when there is a current in the coil of wire inside a U-shaped
magnet.
-when a coil of current will rotate if paced in magnetic field.
• All electric generators operate when a close-loop conductor within the charging magnetic field
will have an induced electromotive force.
• The current in the wire is directed to the left.
• The magnetic field around the wire causes the defelction of
the compass needle when placed near a current carrying
wire.
• Factors that will increase the amount of induced current:
-move the magnet inside the coil faster
-use the coil with more turns
• James Clerk Maxwell formulated the Electromagnetic Wave Theory.
• Heinrich Hertz showed experimental evidence of electromagnetic waves and their link to light.
• Hans Christian Oersted demonstrated the magnetic effect based on the direction of current.
• Michael Faraday formulated the principle behind electromagnetic induction.
• The speed of electromagnetic wave is 3x108 m/s
ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVE
Vacuum is an empty space where electromagnetic waves can travel and transfer energy.
• The only region in electromagnetic spectrum that our eyes are sensitive to is the visible spectrum.
• High frequency waves such as X-ray, Ultraviolet ray, and Gamma ray can be absorbed by the
atmosphere.
• Electromagnetic waves arranged according to decreasing energy:
Gamma ray, Ultraviolet rays, X-ray, Visible light, Infrared, Microwave, Radio wave
• Gamma ray has the highest frequency in the EM spectrum.
• Gamma rays are used to treat cancer and sterilizing medical equipments.
• RADAR used by police officers uses Radio wave
• As the frequency incresases, the wavelength also increases if the speed is constant.
• Reflection is the turning back of light rays when it hits a shiny surface like mirror.
• Refraction is the bending of light rays when it hits a surface.
• Parts of mirror:
C- center of curvature
v- vertex
F- focal point

MIRROR

• Diffused/Regular reflection is the reflection of light rays on rough surfaces.


• Specular/Regular reflection is the reflection of light rays on smooth surfaces.
• Concave mirror is a type of spherical mirror with reflecting surface curved inwards.
• Convex mirror is a type of spherical mirror with reflecting surface curved outwards.
• The image seen in a plane mirror is virtual and upright.
• The image formed that can be seen in a concave mirror is either real or virtual.
• The image formed that can be seen in a convex mirror is always virtual.
• The reflection of your image in a concave surface of the spoon is inverted and real.
• When the object is placed at the center of curvature of a concave mirror, the image forms a real,
inverted, and has the same size as the object.

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