* oe Stoucture % Al Short notes ole sew sion. «Mass of =i ¥e 2 VIX \0? i s6FXI O§ catia.) @-y charge om > NAS: @eim tio of & 15 4s xiF Cig # this AS constant fos all cases. Ben cakio of P*(paorony is depend on nature ° As, BE ato cf NCneutron) is Zero @Radius igh N Nudeous of Dit? Ret metals, V4 x10" at c Re \ Atomic Mass of metal foil # Raho of 2 diFF Atom nudleous radius. CB) - (Ar 5 (Cn) © | Aa. . #&Nolume ff ee eous -" Ey aa (4x10 As)>s 4ar( axig?)KA eae Nudleous -. SO} Peo a m= 10 Fem = Lf + Radius of Atom -; . 19'% = 10° Sem = Hfin xSpeed of Light! S* 10 MTs Planck's constant Ch)-) 6-63 X10 45/5 «Aen Celectron volt) ; 1.6 x0! soule. aw damy -: ea, \-66%10 a lle Eto eayem 3 apR7Oe - Bai i -" aa KUT ‘ase 22K x10 3c Rk a 4? Bee > ee? fae Ee] 2? Gatoenic No. atereah CSE alee TC CE | Keconstant: 9x10 » (ate! eo) _ASS( tohes_ re 7 rsotope. ~ ms having Same No. of Pavtons. 3556 ia 8 bx Ts0lgas =; Elements having same Moss. NO. | yf, n nev ee hae een ' 7 Sotone 2 Elemen avi same, x 350 ee "9 (AZ) = il oz 2-6 = 62 Same (A-2) NO of a te age Re =) US = & upon \) Bescecron! ieee Same Number of electrons | & {4° Ney H,0 7 102} Ne >We" Fl ‘ No. of Atoms 2 electrons K ISOStENS —" SP ea Bros sae eae hans ae ptoms | ied hor qgodiaphets = elements Rec Game NO. of | A221 ! =) Locutton = Pcoten] 3“ Ke NO? Same ho” =) re mae oa 12) P20 BPz10 } y =) P=9 B-Pzleg 1O , So eee. meets 2 t\2 aMPhoton fight pathele F ts. Which are Saal sma) small energ packel wats earners Photon). each qucinta have energy, (é) en 5 C~y speed of Naht 2 ree mh 5 sequenc | AW, wavelength, Z y plan's coe ea anta js a intrigal ey aa ee i I oF quanta yeigqo) os oF A Perey 273, 4,--- REY ae im Fmeqohive > 142 al | Saal (Gree) poten = Ss Energy ea * (Eo I)remaniog [er 93\ chore = Cee aerer, | *Photvelectuic . Effec Effect Photon with energy (hy) * STF Photon kisi pactoel Nate UT Ye J Greate ar we en ST Fe _ Faeotet tart” * Photon sis Metal Plote ke sab Se upper layer Ke em nikal saktq hal ”” eet 34 em nikal 5 alg Ene Kitne 2 ia Me See as a a proton ™ oa x hve oe 1 La coeegy : y Wo Tartar Energy hoto of Pho a ngs t av? * * or goon Riackion 2X 2H pets! *h y inc Ke “Terai Sea) EY aA Aste Coques K' BRIL photrg ke AS We = anes aes; Eneegy “et aT a3 “Talenres, re fe Energy e7 5 KE A deat 0. oF Phetdn incident on metal plate Goa we eo os Volume “totens ne f light wcrease c @ Ne “t iMeident phston incr wcased- [TUS YILhy > 7 Ee Will emitte_with RE = (hv - Yoh] #case2 “TV =%] {hye wet e pel) erae with 5 Sia ft e will not Bebe” ne rency of incident photon _ 7 Energy OF Photon increases, KE oF em will increases, NO. of emitted e° will samAER OL «'e theosy — ee eee pearance ad #Bohe's theory [very Tmp] @ Bob's Momic Crmodel) only ‘applicable for single elector Species, 2 tS res He Het, Ww, ~ ek, de z s Re —1 atom consist 71s ucleous (pn) =) 10/55 sen \)) ) | _s Extra Nudleous port Ce") =) 15! f dJ | 4 Energy level ow obit (m) ets NO6e A # Theis ave many osbits. ee at 2 vevolve pel only those BO level ov OH = ),2,3, Ree obit which nave pea los eothy +0 a hy im pee Friclenal/negative. ce i Tntregal munkple of i KRadius f atom Sn = 0.529 x aA heey ay eat Ta e < Za 10. ol yr 100 Spatomic no. of spe Le x #6, oc “wat Obit Ka_NO. Question WProsbit oF a a ar tear aT Sr n21 enesgy lene} Suppose Dzray eh cased = Relation blu Radius of two different owbit in same me + Radias of aes a (om) of two d sige: ha, energy level cae (Ce ah HRadius cf H-akom 15 called as | vat Radius , denoted Heyy fle | O84 A \ cace a =) Ratio of vadius of ™, my My, ---. OwbItS a : G Foyt Tt ys 7 (esr ed Coos aael Gn aeeee case% =) Raho of vadius of two different atvms/species 2 HI ; * my, nT Za oN, pa. om, = me Zzistonce bio ob, and My ? distance dbehveen ovbit (n,) +40 ovbit(n,) 2 de Tt = 289 [of nt] ee +, should greater than Tn, because distance cannot be Yeqetive. | : a Raho of civcumPerence of two bob's otbits. | fr. BH cixcumPerence of circle = ony ¥ Tota) Sassy of seveiving elects. : ; , a * Total energy e ez potential E + kinetic E “kere, -Kze* y “PE of c= “ oe : Peciapens ze ~f Le eo x. ss 1 feTotal Energy = = ae formal Pteial Beare = 715.6 % & eV /ator | “Te “per a 2AZ-6 BEE ay xn mE ATE of & in {Toule/moley = -.al x ez Soule /mnole ATER A, x Teo a 7 ad =13.6 °F =a) i possible TE of & For Hato =) qe ev/ako \‘* Possible TE of e fos an any aloen Ogee Stale > N= =i @xexcited state } N= 241 oxTE ye Ye Yaad kar io Kuch sama, aaye Na aaye" on! Or of e ger level) i | Brenons eneca ee sy 3 Nuckous . | S13) a reaction Force Bl | k-Second excited G hate m= 3 } a Fares Teretel Energy Vequipedt, | Tontsahon energy ‘Ee = JR peers Energy =|T.€ of n™oobit| GQ" Sonisation Energy nikal ne ke Lie E TE of & jn nM ovbit Nikalo | As?" © USKa Mod Lelo matlab Usko | Positive Kar alo,” © 3ad) Trek exci ted stake miaa) Relation of TE of dit 7 et of diff owbits Ey Rey ce tn, ¢ yayth . Cee Th ™ Atomic ; ort it ee Ma. Me Mdsses, ON ETSY i devery 2) | RST ure photog e" Buz _ min. enes: By Siey TAA aS Sha Obie change Kar, saktq sh WE symp lower osbdit to high ovtit by alosorbbing energy o Photon.” *En,= -15 6xze enn 1 se En, aloes ne ev foto 4\E,—En PAG a NE move Tor nN, tom, by avsovbing photons eDETQY AED and Wis energy is alent eh i? 1 Value of AE is always Positive” 7 Ei hl er ae Hr auMpA From higher ovbit (n,) +O jower ostit Cm.) Then, e Bence Photon of BE energy and thot emengy is equal +o \En- En, ioe % Energy of rdesed photon = AE2 hY=he = 12 2 rw [ “34 P h 26" 2 ae er| 4 Pac. i je * = GY Py 4 “1g n i 13.6xZ[h.-di] eon Foomulg use at \FNeTOSRY of ei) 2 ITTF otbit in Same Aiom, BIZ Ac Erm we Time required to complete. | round J}, ef orbit for ce} a] 3 ET = 1B X16 My, Sec. “ae, Ar quest as Photon SS at at Bi, errtha arg da) Usit KQ Special eve are)”pratima faereier ; Arran. of different wovelength in increasing of decreqsing oxder cr ey as Specteum, os Sumtight (ight source) + se Om ales sp ecteyry, Pee ye es ed ee eoemniG yovays Hays attra, yi sible afia-td Micro Radio, >) Accanged in increasing Pris pone 3 decreasing oscler of Frequency. Visible iparace Regien Ww [= z ie fe! i o [8 A £5800 -7eo0 AY vibiet sedig Blue Green Yaiow orange Add Arranged in intreasin: gy orser of wavetength | > Hy drogen. Spectrum Imp] VE energy absorb Kar Ke upper energy leve} pe Jakar Vapas usi energy level par aatg bhai gue vapas aate Waqt No | ener weleage Kasta haf photon ke form mai ys photon ki eak wavelength ho i ; Banaya sata Rew ur ust caravesangny les) eke Hydeogen Spectury IB Hydrogen specteyen | ’ otly 4 pplicable. for 21S] Ae i slecien 3 ae eho s photon wavelength , Z= Atomic No. R= Rydber constant = 1096F% = lower “enerr teve} Mo =4PPEE energy’ level. Lyman 7, = Py a aoe Ba Flangesk Gavelengty (nan) > paschen-¥m, 23-7 infraced | -Y Amnox BE mia AE = Energy gap BU en, * Shortest soavelength ein) ehand 7 1? Amin “Tease [AE [pa al "ONO H=4 to N=) How Te wavelength (spectral line) Belease_ 0 of Spectral nas releg se one ‘) anil whey & ane from 1 ener ON} | Bok cues lala levet 33 i uppew Te om nie net faNO. Of Spectra) line in Spechr f ar series fee Lex- Balmer, aeen rons eens Tae | er ee Te #De-wapglie's Wavelength € Fes ayy gales eager ||, ap ee wave Narare ass aacesan hea | ee in oe 4 = De-bvoglies Wavelength ac qcuT hz planks” constant Ae om: amass af Pascticle —— Us Nedocity of pavticle P= Momentum of particle ree KieneHe energy of paste | q = Charge of porare Up 2 Stopping potential, ” EE Lathy-nv.)xr- m=NO. of ~ostoit Tyz Tadius of ost jd obit Ka NO- SE Griacinig |p. Hota bal Ure) wove: or wun cer’ principle * a ) 5 Accosting * this Prineiple, rere ena aoa osbit, "Tr is “IMpossible tO measyre] sienulateously the prsition 3 momentum of & microscopic pasticle with absolute accifacy. sf one of them is measured with greater accuracy the other one's become less Aécurate. 1k Minimum u Ncertanty where > fi ae An= uncertain of Position A= Uncertainty of maomentim. 7 Ae= am < Ay L S Btn : a phere Kp Zor mass Setocity TF, Ax30 , APs 00 [* AX Ka x Av = _h MA> exros 19 position | ai Ap esses 19 Momentum \* Ao x Av = a F Scrmecinger Equation [ aia 4 & Ko Wave suppose Kiya hai : > & Represented in term of wave Funchon Gia) cane Seana al Pee pee © eT) yz wave Function = F(>,y,z) 3 Solution f Sea Equation = Total Enesgy Ff paste, leads to Zofinite Solutions Vc Potential enesgy f pastcle | 4 most of the solution ave not Solution cf Equatton. ree ane Sean aes ed. J Principal quantum number [Fy 2} Azimytha) Guantum number 3] Magnetic Quantum oumber . These axe Zolutions i of Scheodinges Equation, Set eu aii eats act Solution Be GIS Buapetegs mbes, = of Schrodinger Equahionyappt as CTT ‘principal Quantum Number emo ey : > P.Q.Numbes sepsesents Size Senengy of the shell TO Which e loelongs 40. 24 2,3, 4, ---- 1 a ajAzimuthal Buantum Number (4) {subsheli} -7 AQ. Number cepresents Ositentation of suloshel! Nolue off L= © 10 N-1 > Number of subshell = Value of % in any shell, Cee eR v vy it rue SF ee. O if ae BJ Magnetic Quantum. Numbet(M oF Ms ov mm, ) £0 ital} > Wis is the 3d Space avound the nacleous Within which the prvbability of Finding the electron is anti yen (ae), Be “aa = oes [Total no ff osbita) @n)= 2¢+1/ meee ees ree a orbital. ee er 5 be Filled. 4)Spin Quantum Number (S) Wwe Gefhy cannot ta_same diceetion st represents the dicecHon electron, SPIN asoynd its ewn aris. cae) (4 V =) anticlockwise Spin? S*--b < . Ee = clockwise spin > SF Ta otbital *Summersy of Quantum Numbers * M= No. of shel} 4= Subshell am orbital. <. \ _ $2 +boey 4. Tota) no. of value of ‘4’ for nM shell arate of 1 {shez Kon Kon se Subshell henge =7 © td (m-1) 9 Total No. of Value, of ‘mm! for kL’ sulshell = (2441) Kon Kon se orbital honge =) -L to +4 total NO. of orbital in wm she} = x? subshell = 2(ar+r) 3B. total’ No. of & in any total no. of & IN any shel <= on® KQuantym Numbee Givoays Forlows —7 @Rules. Ls @antens i Where, a= Paincipal Guantyen Number Le Azinuytnal Buantum Number es =i) - 7 © LS eh ™=Magnelic @uantumn Nurmicer,, ¥ Auflay psinciple © = Acangemeat of €& in Subshell er Filled in ineseqsing ovder of ee) of shell , it means lowest enesgy lev Subset) Filled 45%. wy nrg Aule => Arcangerment of subshel). ro ox y Nee gy of ssubshell Oe Be cere Shell E o> 30, 3 * ue ‘S| mrt 40 so fF % ae (nad) = 342 eee et Er “ es eS a Pow 2 subshells then? —) bx ee (mu)zd (nit) = 3B Sa” Then, Energy of Subsnai_oc PS) S70 Ly 38 >2P energy of 35 is emote than op. # Qaulie's ,_eaclusion esioci ple 4 value of 4 Quactum Number (1,4 1™ 8) does Peewee for ony Wo e. # Huod's ule * Refowe the doyble dccupaton of any osbital , every orbital in the Sub level is singly cacypied . 7 For maximization of total spin, all etectyons in a Slagle accupaney ombital have the same spin. my = = eee se aS! Sel Ot Hdais Sh gasiy FS ec sleos ial a Gi Gad ator] @ Single - single e° ERT SIBryy we ara ogbital et e° Ia a, + as Double Brat) F1 aig wer aad we & spin HR “S11 aT 13 en -7 p> > WA We mee’ poe ee“st Node *« > aay wsegion Where Y=aQ Means Paoloabili of Finding ews eae is g Node eMN. Anguiot node Radiol Node et planas Node ©8 Sphesico) mode Filo of Fadia) Node = Cn-t-v] | TNO. oF Angular nede= «| (comers cease eal r no. of Radial mode No. of ea are node Hg Mako I ee |? er Ey ost 7 fooms between the = ad osbital , Btotal mode = Cn-t-) =) = (9-1) ovbitol ee ey ae (m-1) a) 45 4-0-1=0 0 oO 4 Wa) 2s Be Ort 2 ab 0 alk WS CaeeH| 24" *. 4 a Gy ss B= Or =o 0 2 Sia Sadie 4 4 Q 6) sd ar = a Gy 4P Aq Ad = 19 4 3