Question 1: which muscle meaning criteria are used to name the quadriceps femoris?

A. Muscle action and location

B. The origin and insertion
C. Location and direction of muscle fibres
D. Location and number of origins
Question 2: by what name is the plasma membrance of a muscle cell known?
A. Sarcoplasm
B. Sarcomere
C. Sarcoplasmic reticulum
D. Sarcolemma
Question 3: of the event that lead to myofilaments sliding over each other, which of the
following happens first?
A. The myosin head engages with the binding site on actin
B. Troponin changes shape and pulls on tropomyosin
C. Calcium ions enter the cell cytoplasm
D. ATP is hydrolysed to ADP and inorganic phosphate
Question 4: smooth muscle is different from skeletal muscle because smooth muscle
A. Is found in the walls of arteries
B. Can be vonluntarily contracted
C. Has many nuclei in a cell
D. Has intercalated discs between cells
Question 5: which of the following muscles is named according to its origin and insertion?
A. Transvere abdominus
B. Semimembranosus
C. Sternocleidomastoid
D. Deltoid
Question 6: all of the following structures are part of a muscle cell expect one. Which one?
A. Sarcoma
B. Sarcolemma
C. Sarcoplasm
D. Sarcoplasmic reticulum
Question 7: during muscle cell contraction, what happens because of Ca++ binding to
troponin?
A. The binding site on action is uncovered
B. Acetylcholine is released
C. The cross-bridge disengages from the thin filament
D. Atp hydrolyses to adp
Question 8: which of the following muscle cell structure is the longest?
A. A myofilament
B. A myofibril
 C. A sarcomere
D. A troponin molecule
Question 9: which of the muscles listed below is named according to its action?
A. Adductor longus
B. Temporalis
C. Sternocleidomastoid
D. Peroneus longus
Question 10: which of the following is the smallest structure within a muscle fibre?
A. Myosin
B. Myofilament
C. Myofibril
D. Sarcomere
Question 11: which of the events below is the first to occur prior to a muscle cell contracting?
A. ATP binds to myosin
B. ADP detaches from myosin
C. The active site on actin is wxposed
D. Ca++is released from the sarcolasmic reticulum
Question 12: what is a “sarcomere”?
A. A cancer of connective tissue
B. The cytoplasm of a muscle cell
C. A section of a myofilament
D. The plasma membrance of a muscle cell
Question 13: smooth muscle cells may be described by which of the following?
A. Striated, voluntary, multinucleate
B. Not striated, voluntary, multinucleate
C. Striated, involuntary, uninucleate
D. Not striated, involuntary, uninucleate
Question 14: by which term is a muscle that opposes of reverses a particular movement
called?
A. Agonist
B. Synergist
C. Antagonist
D. Fixator
Question 15: which term is given to the unit of myofibril that contracts?
A. Sarcoplasm
B. Sarcomere
C. Sarcolemma
D. Sarcoplasmic reticulum
Question 16: which is the largest of the structurein a muscle fibre?
A. Myofibril
 B. Myofilament
C. Myosin
D. Myopic
Question 17: where are the semimembranosus and semitendinous muscles located? In the:
A. Seminal vesicle
B. Thigh
C. Forearm
D. Back
Question 18: by what name is something that attaches a bone to another one known?
A. Aponeurosis
B. Sarcomere
C. Ligament
D. Tendon
Question 19: which protein are found in thin myofilaments?
A. Actin
B. Actin and tropomyosin
C. Actin, trpomyosin, and troponin
D. Actin, myosin, tropomyosin and troponin
Question 20: which statement below best describes the role of ca++ in muslce contraction?
A. Ca++ binds to troponin, thereby changing its shape to expose the binding site
B. Ca++ causes adp and inorganic phostphate to dtach from the myosin crossbridge
C. Ca++ attaches to the myosin head, causing it to dsenagage from its binding site
D. Ca++ crosses the sarcolemma from the axon terminal which allows the action
potential to propagate along the sarcolemma
Question 21: what characteristic of a smooth muscle cell distinguighes it from cardiac and
from skeletal muscle?
A. Being branched
B. Being under involuntary control
C. Lack of striations
D. Being uninucleate
Question 22: what information is contained in the muscle name “ biceps brachii”
A. The muscle location and the number of origins
B. The number of origins and the muscle action
C. The muscle size and location in the body
D. The muscle’s shape and its action
Question 23: which of the following muscles is a common intra-muscular injection site?
A. Deltoid
B. Gluteus maximus
C. Vastus medialis
D. Latissimus dorsi
Question 24: what cause the myosin binding site of an actin molecule to be exposed?
A. ATP attaching to the myosin cross-bridge
B. A nerve impulse reaching the motor end plate of a motor nerve
C. Calcium ions attaching to troponin
D. Acetylcholine crossing the neuromusculer junction
Question 25: what is the source of the majority of the energy needed by muscles for physical
activity that continues for longer than 30 or 40 mins?
A. ATP stored in muscle fibres
B. Glycolysis of glucose in the cell cytoplasm
C. ATP produced from creatine phosphate stored in muslce fibres
D. Aerobic respiration of pyruvic acid in mitochondria
Question 26: which one of the following is not a characteristic of skeletal muscle?
A. Excitability
B. Autonomi innervation
C. Contractility
D. Extensibility
Question 27: what is the gluteus maximus named for? Its
A. Size
B. Shape
C. Action
D. Origin and insertion
Question 28: which of the following muscles is not named after its location in the body?
A. Deltoid
B. Extensor carpi ulnaris
C. Rectus abdominus
D. Biceps femoris
Question 29: skeletal muscle cells have all of the following characteristics expect one. Which
one?
A. A neuromuscular junction crossed by ACH
B. Invaginations of sarcolemma called “T tubules”
C. They are branched
D. They are striated
Question 30: what is the role of ca++ in muscle contration?
A. Ca causes an action potential to travel along the sarcolemma
B. Ca binds to troponin changing its shape
C. Ca attaches to the binding site of myosin, energising it
D. Ca engages with the binding site of actin causing the power stroke
Question 31: which of the following muscle structures is the largest?
A. Sarcomere
B. Fascicle
 C. Myofibril
D. Muslce fibre
Question 32: whoch of the following muslces is not named after its location in the body?
A. Biceps brachii
B. Sternocleidomastoid
C. Rectus abdominus
D. Flexor carpi radialis
Question 33: which feature is shared by cardiac muscle cells and skeletal muslce cells?
A. striations
B. intercalated discs
C. branching
D. involuntary nature
question 34: what structure attach a muscle to a bone?
A. A tendon
B. A fasiculus
C. A sarcomere
D. An internal intercostal
Question 35: what is the substance that binds to troponinin order to cause muscle contraction?
A. PO4(2-)
B. H3O(+)
C. Ca++
D. Fe++
Question 36: which of the following muslces is not named after its location in the body?
A. Latissimus dorsi
B. Adductor longus
C. Rectus femoris
D. Biceps brachii
Question 37: which of the following muscle structures in the smallest?
A. Sarcomere
B. Fasciculus
C. Myofibril
D. Muscle fibre
Question 38: a feature of skeletal muscle that is not shared with cardiac or smooth muscle is:
A. Striations
B. Branched cells
C. Intercalated discs
D. Many nuclei
Question 39: which muscles extend the leg?
A. Quadriceps
B. Hamstrings
 C. Gluteus muscles
D. Soleus, gastrocnemius. Tibialis anterior
Question 40: what is the role of acetylcholine in muscle cell contraction?
A. It is a neurotransmitter
B. It binds to troponin causing it to change shape
C. It supplies the energy for contraction
D. It engages with the binding site on actin
Question 41: what is a sarcomere?
A. It is the plasma membrance of a muslce cell
B. It is the cytoplasm of a muscle cell
C. It is a section of myofibril
D. It is a bundle of thch and thin myofilaments
Question 42: which of the following muscles is named after its location in the body?
A. sartorius
B. triceps brachii
C. soleus
D. trapezius
question 43: which of the following is the smallest unit in a muscle?
A. Muscle fibre
B. Myosin
C. Dasciculus
D. Myofibril
Question 44: skeletal muscle cels can be characterised as:
A. Untriated, involuntary, multinucleate
B. Unstriated, voluntary, multinucleate
C. Striated, voluntary, uninuleate
D. Striated, voluntary, multinucleate
Question 45: the muscles involved in mastication include which of the following?
A. Sternicleidomastoid, scalene
B. Sartorius, gracillis, soleus
C. Temporalis, masseter, buccinator
D. Orbicularis oculi, mentalis
Question 46: what action does the flexor carpi ulnars perform?
A. It flexes the lower arm
B. The same as the extensor carpi ulnaris
C. It flexes the fingers
D. The same as the flexor carpi radialis
Question 47: which of the following is not made of skeletal muscle?
A. The diaghragm
B. Pyloric sphincter
 C. Vastus laterlis
D. The tongue
Question 48: which of the following muscles is named using the criterion of its size?
A. Sternocleidomastoid
B. Gluteus medius
C. Flexor digitorum profundus
D. Trapezius
Question 49: what is the cytoplasm of a skeletal muscle cell called?
A. Sarcolema
B. Sarcomere
C. Sarcoplasm
D. Fasciculus
Question 50: What does the term “origin” refer to in the musculoskeletal system?
A. The point of attachment of a muscle to the “moveable” bone.
B. The line that separates the shaft from the end of a long bone.
C. The point of attachment of a muscle to the “stationary” bone.
D. The end of a long bone.
question 51: Which of the following muscles causes the wrist to bend?
A. extensor digitorum
B. extensor carpi ulnaris
C. flexor digitorum profundus
D. abductor pollicis longus.
question 52: Which of the following muscles increases the angle between the bones of the
fingers and hand?
A. extensor digitorum
B. extensor carpi ulnaris
C. flexor digitorum profundus
D. abductor pollicis longus
question 53: What is the protein of thick myofilaments in a skeletal muscle cell?
A. tropomyosin
B. myosin
C. actin
D. acetylcholine.
question 54: What are the muscles known as triceps brachii, biceps femoris and quadriceps
femoris named according to? Their:
A. relative size and location of muscle’s origin
B. number of origins and location in the body
C. shape of muscle and direction of muscle fibres
D. number of insertions and location in the body
question 55: A skeletal muscle fibre (cell) consists of many sections (units) which contract.
What is the name given to one of the units that contract?
A. sarcomere
B. sarcolemma
C. sarcoplasm
D. fasciculus
question 56: The neurotransmitter that causes an action potential to occur in a muscle cell
membrane is called:
A. inorganic phosphate (HPO42-)
B. adenosine diphosphate (ADP)
C. calcium (Ca++)
D. acetylcholine (ACh)
question 57: Which of these events is necessary for the contraction of a muscle cell?
A. the shortening of myofilaments.
B. the conversion of ADP & HPO42- to ATP in the cross-bridge.
C. Ca2+ binding to troponin causing it to change shape.
D. the movement of ACh from the sarcolemma to the axon terminal.
question 58: Which statement about thick or thin myofilaments is CORRECT?
A. Thick myofilaments contain the three proteins myosin, tropomyosin and
troponin.
B. Thin myofilaments contain the three proteins actin, tropomyosin and
troponin.
C. Thick myofilaments contain about 300 myosin molecules each of which has
a binding site for a cross bridge.
D. Thin myofilaments contain about 300 myosin molecules each of which has
a cross bridge.
question 59: What is the role of calcium ions in muscle contraction? To
A. bind to troponin, thus changing its shape and pulling it away from the actin
molecule.
B. cause the myosin cross-bridge to detach from its binding site.
C. cause the action potential to propagate along the sarcolemma.
D. bind with ADP during aerobic respiration to produce ATP to provide energy.
question 60: The space between the ribs is filled with:
A. intercostal muscle
B. costal cartilage
C. intercostal space
D. pleura
question 61: Which of the following describes skeletal muscle?
A. striated, voluntary, multinucleate, individually named.
B. striated, branched, uninucleate, involuntary.
C. not striated, uninucleate, voluntary, individually named.
D. not striated, multinucleate, involuntary, with intercalated discs.
question 62: Which list is in the correct order of DECREASING size?
A. muscle fibre, sarcomere, myofilament, myofibril.
B. muscle, fasciculus, muscle fibre, myofibril.
C. sarcomere, fasciculus, myofibril, myofilament.
D. muscle, muscle fibre, myosin, myofibril.
question 63: What are the muscles known as gluteus maximus, gluteus medius and gluteus
minimus named according to? Their:
A. size.
B. shape.
C. whimsy.
D. direction of their muscle fibres.
question 64: Which of these events is necessary for the contraction of a muscle cell?
A. the shortening of myosin molecules.
B. the hydrolysis of ATP to ADP & HPO42- in the myosin cross-bridge.
C. Ca2+ binding to tropomyosin causing it to change shape.
D. the movement of Ca2+ from the sarcoplasm into the sarcoplasmic
reticulum.
question 65: Select the one INCORRECT statement about skeletal muscles
A. An “agonist” opposes or reverses a particular movement
B. A muscle’s attachment point to a stationary bone is called its “origin”.
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C. A skeletal muscle cell is a “syncytium”.
D. Muscles that immobilise a bone are called “fixators”.
question 66: Which of the following groupings of muscle type and their characteristics is
INCORRECT?
A. skeletal, striated, voluntary
B. smooth, visceral, involuntary
C. cardiac, striated, voluntary
D. skeletal, striated, syncytium
question 67: Microscopically, muscle fibres contain parallel myofibrils. What are the units
joined end to end within a myofibril called? A:
A. myofilament
B. motor unit
C. myosin
D. sarcomere
question 68: The part of a skeletal muscle cell that is able to contract is called
A. sarcoplasm
B. sarcolemma
C. sarcomere
D. sarcoplasmic reticulum
question 69: What is the role of Ca++ in the contraction of a muscle cell?
A. Ca++ binds to troponin to change its shape which reveals actin’s binding site.
B. Ca++ attaches to the binding site of actin
C. Ca++ detaches from ATP as it forms ADP
D. Ca++ causes the myosin head to detach from the binding site of actin
question 70: The energy for muscle contraction is derived from the mechanisms below
EXCEPT for one. Which one is NOT a method of producing ATP?
A. anaerobic glycolysis.
B. aerobic respiration.
C. direct phosphorylation of ADP by creatinine phosphate.
D. anaerobic digestion of lactic acid.
question 71: With respect to the flexion of the forearm, which of the following statements is
correct?
A. the origin of the biceps brachii is on the radius and its insertion is on the
scapula
B. the origin of the biceps brachii is on the ulna and its insertion is on the
scapula
C. the agonist muscle is the biceps brachii and the antagonist is the triceps
brachii
D. the agonist muscle is the biceps brachii and the antagonist is the brachialis
question 72: Patients confined to bed and those with plaster casts immobilising a bone
fracture suffer muscle wasting. What is the term used for this condition?
A. Disuse atrophy
B. Denervation atrophy
C. Muscle dystrophy
D. Muscle hypertrophy
question 73: What is the source of the ATP used by muscles for vigorous activity that may
last for 10 to 15 seconds?
A. glycolysis of glucose in the cell cytoplasm forms ATP.
B. the ATP that is stored in muscle cells as ATP.
C. aerobic respiration in the mitochondria produces the ATP
D. creatinine phosphate in muscle and ADP react to form the required ATP.
question 74. Which muscle and bone listed below do NOT work together in combination?
A. humerus and biceps femoris
B. quadriceps and tibia
C. femur and gluteal muscles
D. radius and biceps brachii
question 75. Which of the following muscles is named after its origin and insertion points?
A. tibialis anterior
B. extensor digitorum longus
C. rectus femoris
D. sternocleidomastoid
question 76. Which of the following is NOT a common intramuscular injection site?
A. gluteus medius
B. deltoid
C. gluteus maximus
D. vastus lateralis
question 77. What structure attaches a muscle to a bone?
A. a meniscus
B. a ligament
C. a cartilage
D. a tendon
question 78. What binds to troponin causing it to expose the binding site on actin to enable
muscle cell contraction?
A. Ca++ (calcium)
B. ACh (acetylcholine)
C. PO42- (phosphate)
D. ADP (adenosine diphosphate)
question 79. The muscle known as the “transversus abdominus” is named according to
A. its size and number of origins
B. the direction of its muscle fibres and its action
C. its action and its location in the body
D. location in the body and direction of muscle fibres
question 80. When a muscle contracts, exactly what structure gets shorter?
A. the fascicles of a muscle
B. the myosin molecules of a myofilament
C. the actin molecules of a myofilament
D. the sarcomeres of a myofibril
question 81. What is the neurotransmitter that crosses the neuromuscular junction?
A. Acetylcholine (ACh)
B. Adrenalin (epinephrine)
C. Noradrenalin (norepinephrine)
D. Ca++
question 82. What does aerobic respiration refer to?
A. glycolysis in the cytoplasm in the absence of oxygen.
B. oxidative phosphorylation in the mitochondria in the presence of oxygen.
C. glycolysis in the liver in the presence of oxygen
D. gluconeogenesis in the liver in the absence of oxygen
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