ie Oo: Permeability & See Page O29: 29 ne Monday @ Poameability i ig - = is Ihe property of soil Zabitity of soil ushicy allows flow of Nquid Abrough Hs iotercoonected voids. x Darcy's ee For a_lamincaslousco aditioas velocity of liquid s_diveclly propotte aal_tethe hydraulic gradient. when it flow cHaaougin He sor, _ Nd le = Propott oality—c dant ier coofficient of permeability. Here, ms Discharge ‘ % 3 . = K fa: TA a k Ls oO 1S : tz Mead loss | Length ptsSeepage Velocity * V5’ & Discharge Velocit., O= AN, = floNy ie = Ay Ave Davey's law |, ° Nai > ee TeAN niktany =129 i An Discharge 1 7 5 : at is Quemlidy of Wale, or q A Vv Nol of voids 7% disch, __ Yell sEvoids: vely eis —I ct) Coca ‘Head Permeab fF Constant | Head tank —f ye fiw welease-valve Lae 7 Fe a j= Porous stone Efex ie APs : .Per meabilid y Nahi 2 &. t 05 Jo"! Ae lo'? Ke yee eavels 2 = mAs. * Eyer mae Gilts— \o2 Ao tot sity foe oan b= _heoael Uneloatst cl moter is flowiag or a A= Cs area of soil sample Cohen?) Cit) Falling Heal Permeability Test Tenet J+ th1oq -5 So strata that co | Aqurrey Shiels ectlows 45 Permrable strata he | | Aquichide — Tmpermecble sts | = adelh = Be A.dt || | (dh 2 (Ade 1 h al Waconfined Confiacel Open enel Clo. _ Aquifed Aquifer test aay | Single Double Packer test Packer tect29 Fide # Permeability of Soil Through Stratified Soil Layers DJ Horizontal Soit Layes - CAlow is _paraltel da scil layer) 7. datas \treay ty -H_= Ky, ec ie kr 2s hay = KH y + Kha Ho i WV Dighavg = Eb Hia Khali oy Khatlo | i Hy +H, ti---- tHe 9) Vertical Soil Layer =(Flowis perpandicular to soillays 4 [song iy: Bese en ere :si not Slow (Sticle 4g Adsorbec! watery will rel Flow (Sticke a 3 bjee Vease VOIM Ahrough which wale fe) & iq Gee A, he hah, teh Agi ly, = he \ ~ ) Hy Va ae From Dew c's Veus., Kw fy: Ky, Dyes Kg Ny Ky 4 Ay = (kL) S “ ua enor ce NG : eee \ — A Va te) v a a + - (he bets SS ju) Mos iy Ge Ee a | eee ang i Wet (a eS E (i s (4 Ho \ 9 a ~ kev == 1, Hb et ee | = . IF Nf ty Het os Sve : ee eee 99.23 | ; ; ee ieee) Fades affecting on “Peumeability of Soil i= | 1).Soil structure ee J Particle size Allen Hazen ey Properties of a Fluid — ae 42> Niscosi play Voids acti cti! ile) Degree of Saturation. Dfoeae oo if —— 2) Adsosbecl water|| vo 1] Types of mineveuls sa) dew ny|| Ta whi re identified Total Stigss fective Stress. 3 Pore Water Pressure t= u ae ie fut 2639 kW/m” i € U>0 v » | Gls Gu s 80-0 Bo. kW/m? _ot Sm eo a Nbno + Veg %3 215K 2 +203 = 90 kwim> Ve eeu = 9Jo- 29.43 ¢ Go.57 kn omea) Om 2 : wt Sand dim Sand @ = 0.4 . H\ 2 1h ke Ges = 2.65 L so a | Neots 20leymn | iw | 6a =i aN | ——— fad ‘eter ‘tot Im, 8m 26M pressuse ——| _diggrre.ca, 2 — ota: &te 2 2.6Sx1lo0 l8.99 len Jon \| [+e I+0.4 @X\ cat 2 Gite Nin = (2-6540.4) , Se lee G4o-a) Wolim ©: 19.94 {518.90 22 kW/m “3 > t iso 2 \, Gls _€4u = 18.99 len/m? v 7 sy a Lak am ee tentang? 5 zo ~ tafe Ss ig. |= 27. 2 = 62.68 bwin i = 1o%*2 = 20 tew/on3 i \ GC! 4G §2:.48-20 = Gauge IRN Im? at 6m G = 18.99 xl+9) 79 + 20%S3 = 192.48 krVmr H U2 19xs 2,50 kw/pyd Ye eu e : AG = ~yeres-sall Gz @~u 192.48-So =72.48 kN/m ~ thursday a) ~— 38) A Se dick? 4m thick the to ayer ties between tuo layers of sand ext The water table of sand is undeya P-Uppey layer ber Mj —ert_gaound lex am below GL but athe Lower lay! whesidn pressure, the pizometet ur ace (being km _obove_GL The satuneded unit \ 1S2.0_ ten, m2_&-tnot of sand imo Above Wet —unit_wweight of sane is 16.5 N/m —— Caltutate efCoclive Vertical etrese ott f g_bottoof clory layer § also doaw the Vertical re dislibutton cdiagseam, — LA Clty tte ba _\sat_= 20 eni/m3 sm — @O Mlayer A heom see Qeeonue oe leo @® At layer Bhs 2m eo: Nyuh = 16.5%2 = 33 k/m? iS 's e-us keNZon> @ At tayea—c hse 4m C2 16.649 ¥19%2 = 1) 16N/m* UG =9.91%2 = 19.69 KN/ on? | ols f-ust TI-19.69 = 5).38 kN/m*> @ At lay ao pb _hesm H C= 16.5 %2 +19 x24 20 = it kN/o > us 9 8iyy = 68.77 kN/e> _ wilt @-u s 17} = 68.77 « 102 kW/m 2 © At layer dD! h29 I es lay kN/m> | Us 98h K1s = 127, 53len/n= be Ge us WU - 12753 = 43.47 kN/m* Ss it +19 %4 = 247 kW/m? QW = 197.5 w/e G's 247 - 127.535 W9-47 kN/m?&) AL a construction Svle a 8m thick clay la by am thick gravel lager which PeyMious Fock. A load of 25 KN/m? \s Gopi} Yor is { ‘s Testing cat the surface. The sadusated unit wey DA of Udeeay AS kN/m3 3 20 kW/m? fox dhe cla _vesp. The water table is at the diagrams showing Varlation with depth. Stress, effective stress & pore water Soils y 3 gravel | wa SUITE. Dig a] AW of toy a C5 yeFriday 5) Mayer of saturated clay sm thick is undea laid by : Sand 4mdecep, The Wt is below the top sudfdce, ~The saturctesl SERS of clay 8 sand.are 18 kNem3 3 20 ¥N/m3 respectively. Above the WT. the unr weight ol Sands tt kN /m3, Calculate the _ effective pressure on horizontal _plane_at cle pth of 9 m_below th 2 ground “sunface. Whed will be-the increase in effective pressure _otig.m, if soul_gel.sobuverbect by capillary | ety ptoheightof 1m above the WT — A i - _@ At layers A | C209 , Glen Us __ At layer 8 62 11x2 = 84 KN/m UWso Gc! = 34 kni/eo™ © At layer gt | os 1x9 ».3uKn/m> p- 98x12 =9.81 kNZm* Gls 3y- (-9.81) = 43.81 kN/m™ OAt layer c 62 x9 +20x) = Su kkenem® Wie 10. | | | I els su kN¢m* 1 Oat layer _D | | H e 2 i + 20°X2 = 14 kN/m>© AL layer E Cx G's S811 £9.81 key? i ‘a= g.81 = GS-\9 kN, AAO + -20%2 We 9.81% 6 = S886 kiy2 a m2 MKS = 166 kenya NOS 1 tenon? Gy" = o.4g5 m2 & & sei = \*\65%0.05 x 0-165 i 2 8.995 x19" 3 ec = 23.995 x18" Lit/see Y. Toa Lotliag beac _posmeability dest in <) uy Sams | the following o rm l ols Jeg—Yesults_were obtained. Length of sci | =m p= 80 men initiol head = oomm fool head = coomen time So i = €mi anal pipe- 4mm. Flad te coefficient of permeaths oF soil ia mm Seo — L=12 mm D= 80 MM As IT j*= Tygot= Sarg suse! q ahy = 1200 mm he* 400 mm - t= 6 mia_s 3600 sec. : de 4mm My (a7 = 19.566 mm les & a : 2.303 al ogo) a 2 = 2.303 x 19.566 x12. \o \200 5026.548 x 3600 Sof 23) e ~s = 3.159 «10° mm/sse aa A ol stratified soil deposit consists of 3 uniform layers of thickness €m, tem § 12m 78, pectively The ee ae are 8x10 bm/s 52x18 ems 8 6x10 cm/s resp. Find +he average permeability of posit ia horizontal g vertical Layers ___ soil deposit 7 i yesh. Hy: 6m = 6 x10 cm = Gm = 4 %107 em Woz lam = (241m hz 8 167 cm \éb= 52 216% cro \egg 6 X10 crn. hong Kehr Hi + Kho He + Kh3 Ha HitHe +H3 = = ees BHO XG HNO” + SKID AXIO + ORI “x IDX 10™ (644412) X10 " 2 14.999 tot em/s = — agg = Hit He + Ha Fe Ho, Ha H (ee Bs) | 600 + Loo 41200 i vase Hl (33+ Paes Weise) H Kvaug. = 7:78: 104 tmds3) Whed will be the ratio ol o “divection te thet in vertical a goasistiog, of S horizontal layers Th thickness g | permeability of second leuyer_are twit first layer & thickness g permeability. of th ame dusice of those of the second layer. 2k 8 Has 2H, kn Ky = kg = 2k, = 2(2kq) & Hy = 2H, = 2H) = ¢ dk, KH + Kot, + Kas MWithetHs KH) + Ok) GH) + Coke) Hi), Myt OH, 4 GH, vg. pormecility \o hotize diection For soilal de Mel Posit, ce of those of 4h € vel ky tr a KWH TH, 3 ky Wy + Hat H3 (Ce eo Hye Qty Ay layer y ( MW 2H ath eae wy THs BH.) 4 = Tey 32 Ken aw ky ku ae = 3 a a : “