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Three Phase Power Measurement

This document describes a procedure to measure power in a three-phase circuit using two wattmeters under balanced and unbalanced resistive load conditions. The apparatus includes a voltmeter, three ammeters, two wattmeters, a three-phase transformer, rheostats, and connecting wires. Under balanced loads, readings are taken at different resistance levels and power is calculated using voltage, current, and wattmeter readings. Under unbalanced loads, readings are taken with different currents in each phase to create an imbalance, and power is calculated for each phase and total power.

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34 views7 pages

Three Phase Power Measurement

This document describes a procedure to measure power in a three-phase circuit using two wattmeters under balanced and unbalanced resistive load conditions. The apparatus includes a voltmeter, three ammeters, two wattmeters, a three-phase transformer, rheostats, and connecting wires. Under balanced loads, readings are taken at different resistance levels and power is calculated using voltage, current, and wattmeter readings. Under unbalanced loads, readings are taken with different currents in each phase to create an imbalance, and power is calculated for each phase and total power.

Uploaded by

sivaiahjetti
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Three-Phase Power Measurement

Exp. No: Date:


Aim: To measure power in a three phase circuit using two wattmeter’s method
under
a) Balanced resistive load condition
b) Unbalanced resistive load condition
Apparatus required:

S.N Name of the Range/ Type Quantit


o equipment Specification y
1 Voltmeter (0-150) V MI 1
2 Ammeter (0-5) A MI 3
3 Wattmeter 150V, 5A,UPF Electro- 2
dynamic
4 3- Phase Auto I/P: 3-ɸ, 415V Core type 1
Transformer O/P: (0-470)V,10A
5 Gang Rheostat 26Ω, 4.1A Wire 1
Per each limb wound
6 Rheostat 26Ω, 4.1A Wire 3
wound
7 Connecting wires 1.5sq.mm copper Require
d

Balanced resistive load condition


Procedure:
1. Connect the circuit as per the circuit diagram.
2. Adjust the gang rheostat and Individual rheostats for the maximum
resistance position.
3. Initially keep the output voltage of the 3-Phase autotransformer at zero.
4. Switch ON the supply and set the autotransformer output voltage to 120V.
5. Read the meters to obtain VL, I1, I2 and I3. Note the wattmeter reading W1
and W2 (Note the multiplying factor on the wattmeter).
6. Vary the Gang rheostat resistance (decrease) and obtain at least five sets
of observations, the current should not exceed the limit (4.1 A).
7. Tabulate the readings and verify the results with theoretical
calculations.
Observation table -1 Three phase power in a balanced load

Theoretical calculations:
For Star connected Unbalanced load:
VPh= VL / √ 3
IPh=IL
W1=√ 3 VPh IPh Cos (30 + Φ) (OR) VL .IL Cos (30 + Φ)
W2=√ 3 VPh IPh Cos (30 - Φ) (OR) VL .IL Cos (30 - Φ)
W1+ W2= √ 3 VL .IL Cos Φ
Calculated power WC= VPh IPh1+ VPh IPh2+ VPh IPh3
VL
WC= (I1+I2+I3) → VPh= VL / √ 3
√3
Determination of power factor for the balanced load

(
∅ =tan−1 √3 .
(W 2−W 1 )
( W 2+ W 1 ) )
Unbalanced resistive load
Procedure:
1. Connect the circuit as per circuit diagram in Fig. 2.
2. Adjust the three rheostats and gang rheostat at the maximum resistance
position.
3. Switch ON the supply and set the autotransformer output voltage to120V.
4. Take five sets of observation for different rheostat settings such that the
reading of I1, I2 and I3 in each set is appreciably different to create
unbalanced loading condition. (Don’t vary the gang rheostat).The current
should not exceed the limits in each arm.
5. Note down I1, I2, I3, V1, V2, V3, W1 and W2. Check the result by completing
the computations indicated in Table.2.
Observation table -2 (three phase power in an unbalanced load)

Theoretical calculations:
Star connected Unbalanced load:
VPh= VL / √ 3
IPh=IL
W1=√ 3 VPh IPh Cos (30 + Φ) (OR) VL .IL Cos (30 + Φ)
W2=√ 3 VPh IPh Cos (30 - Φ) (OR) VL .IL Cos (30 - Φ)
W1+ W2= √ 3 VL .IL Cos Φ
Calculated power WC= VRPh IPh1+ VYPh IPh2+ VBPh IPh3
Determination of power factor for the balanced load

(
∅ =tan−1 √3 .
(W 2−W 1 )
( W 2+ W 1 ) )
Precautions:
1. All the connections should be tight.
2. Initially keep the output voltage of the autotransformer to zero.
Result:

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