CSTC COLLEGE OF SCIENCES TECHNOLOGY AND COMMUNICATION, INC.
CSTC College Bldg. Gen. Luna St. Maharlika Hi-way, Pob. 3, Arellano Sub. Sariaya Province of
Quezon R4A
Registrar’s Office: 042 3290850 / 042 7192818
CSTC IT Center: 042 7192805
Atimonan Contact Number: 042 7171420
SCHOOL OF TOURISM AND HOSPITALITY MANAGEMENT
Instructional Module in
Art Appreciation
MUSIC
Music is an artistic form of auditory communication incorporating instrumental or vocal
tones in a structured and continuous manner. It is also defined as any pleasing and
harmonious sound produced by singers or musical instrument.
• It is originated in the Greek word “mousike” which means the art of the muse.
• It is the artful arrangement of sounds.
Elements of Music
• Rhythm – is a movement or variation characterized by the regular recurrence of
pulses that can be contrast of strong and weak pulses.
• Melody – the part of the music that we can sing
• Tempo - the rate of speed in music. Tempo markings are in Italian and range from
slow (adagio) to very fast (presto).
• Dynamics – refers to the loudness or volume of a tone.
• Form - the overall plan or structure, “the big picture” of a piece of music that helps a
musician put together a more credible performance or a listener enjoy the music
even more.
• Timbre – the musical color. Each instrument has its own color and produces its own
mood or emotion
• Texture – is the relationship between melodies and harmonic elements in the music.
• Harmony – is the simultaneous sounding of a group of tones and the vertical
relationship between a melody and its accompanying chords.
Functions of Music
• Gives pleasure
• Relaxes the senses
• Encourage moral qualities
• Expresses feelings/emotions
• A means of communication
• Therapeutic
Mediums of Music
• Vocal Medium – refers to the human voice.
• Soprano - high register female voice
• Mezzo soprano - medium register female voice
• Alto - high register female voice
• Tenor - highest register male voice
• Baritone- medium register of male voice
• Bass - low register male voice
• Instrument Medium
• String instruments – It is also called chordophones. These are musical instruments
that produce sound from vibrating strings when a performer plays or sounds the
strings in some manner. Example: violin, guitar
• Brass instruments - It is a musical instrument that produces sound by sympathetic
vibration of air in a tubular resonator in sympathy with the vibration of the player’s
lips. It is also called labrophones. Example: trumpet
• Woodwinds – It is a group of wind musical instruments, composed of the flutes and
reed pipes. Example: flute
CSTC COLLEGE OF SCIENCES TECHNOLOGY AND COMMUNICATION, INC.
CSTC College Bldg. Gen. Luna St. Maharlika Hi-way, Pob. 3, Arellano Sub. Sariaya Province of
Quezon R4A
Registrar’s Office: 042 3290850 / 042 7192818
CSTC IT Center: 042 7192805
Atimonan Contact Number: 042 7171420
• Percussions – These are instruments that make sound when hit, shaken or scraped.
Divided into idiophones and membranophones. Example: drum
• Keyboard – Instruments played using a keyboard, a row of levers which are pressed
by the fingers. Example: piano, organ
• Ensemble Medium
• The orchestra
• The concerto
• The band
The Spanish Tradition (1521-1898)
• A large number of liturgical and para-liturgical vocal genres developed during this
Period.
• Forms of entertainment also developed.
• Corrido
• Zarsuela
• Kumintang
The American Occupation (1898-1946)
• Classical music and semiclassical music were introduced.
• Music training was handled by outstanding Filipino musicians and professional
European and American artists.
• Filipinos composed literatures expanded from music’s from musical theater to such
major forms.
Some of the composers:
• Nicanor Abelardo - Fiipino composer known for Kundiman songs he wrote before
the World War II
Among his works are:
Ang Unang Buko, Mutya ng Pasig, Nasaan ka irog, Magbalik ka Hirang
• Francisco Santiago - He is the Father of Kundiman Art Song
Among his works are:
Kundiman (Anak Dalita), Concerto in B flat minor
• Antonio Buenaventura - He is a Filipino composer, conductor and teacher.
He wrote several marches, “Echoes of the Past” and “Ode to the Freedom”.
The Japanese Occupation (1941-1945)
• Bodabil, an indigenized version of the American vaudeville competed with film,
radio, and television for decades.
• Eddie Mesa was showcased in this entertainment. He is the “Elvis Presley of the
Philippines”.
• Filipino singers who became popular during this period was Nora Aunor, Elizabeth
Ramsey, Pilita Corales and Sylvia La Torre and Kathy dela Cruz – Queen of Filipino
Jazz and the Queen of the Bodabil
The Contemporary Music (1946-present)
Philippine music flourished during this period through Pinoy pop, covers variety of
forms: folk songs, dance tunes, ballads, Broadway-inspired songs, rock n roll and its
variants.
CSTC COLLEGE OF SCIENCES TECHNOLOGY AND COMMUNICATION, INC.
CSTC College Bldg. Gen. Luna St. Maharlika Hi-way, Pob. 3, Arellano Sub. Sariaya Province of
Quezon R4A
Registrar’s Office: 042 3290850 / 042 7192818
CSTC IT Center: 042 7192805
Atimonan Contact Number: 042 7171420
• First Filipino music compositions were consisted of folk songs. (Sarung banggi and
Bahay Kubo)
• Movie theme songs were popularized via radio and variety shows
• Resurgence of popular music introduced new dance styles.
• During 1950s to 1960s, rock n roll gained widespread popularity.
• Most local compositions in the 1960s were love songs, also called Pinoy Ballads.
• A Million Thanks To You by Alice Doria Gamilla
• Afterglow and Deep in My Heart by Jose Marie Chan
• Never Say Goodbye by Willie Cruz
• The popular songs of the 1970s combined elements from the American Ballad,
Broadway and light kundiman.
• Other kinds of music are Pinoy Rock, Manila Sound, Pinoy Folk, Novelty song,
Mainstream Jazz, Pinoy Jazz fusion, Pinoy Rap and Ethnic Pop.
