POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES

Santo Tomas Campus

Sto. Tomas, Batangas

A DETAILED LESSON PLAN IN MATHEMATICS

I. Objectives
At the end of the discussion, the students are expected to:

1. establish a meaning for the term polygon

2. recognize the importance of types of polygons and its interior angles in learning
Mathematics
3. collaborate fully in performing group tasks

II. Subject Matter

Topic: Polygons
Reference/s: Geometry, pp. 99-105
http://www.mathisfun.com/geometry/polygons.html
Materials:
- Projector
- Laptop
- Visual Aids
- Tape
- Chalk and Board
Values Integration: Appreciation of Uses of Polygons in Life

III. Teaching Procedures and Strategies

Teacher’s Activity Student’s Activity

A. Daily Routine
1. Prayer
Class, please all rise and let us pray.

2. Greetings
Good evening class!
Good evening Ma’am!
3. Classroom Management
Before you sit down, please align your
chairs properly and kindly pick the
 pieces of paper around you if there’s
any.

4. Checking of Attendance
Ms. Monitor, is there any absent today?
None Ma’am.
Good.

5. Checking of Assignment
Yesterday, I gave you an assignment,
right?
Yes.
Did you make it?
Yes, Ma’am.
Please pass it to your secretary.
And Ms. Secretary, please give it to me
later before I leave the class.
Okay, Ma’am.
B. Preparatory Activities
1. Recall
Before moving on to our new topic, let
us first have a short review what we
have done yesterday.

Now, what have we discussed Ma’am, yesterday, we discussed about angles

yesterday? and their classifications. You also taught us
how to measure the angles using the protractor.

Very good! What are the kinds of We have acute, right, obtuse, straight and
angles? reflex angles.

Ma’am, acute angle measures less than 90°,

How are we going to distinguish them? right angle measures exactly 90°, while obtuse
measures more than 90°. Straight angle which
is 180° and reflex angle measures more than
180°.
 Wonderful! Very good class. It seems
that you truly understand our last topic.

2. Motivation
Before we proceed to our new lesson, Yes. Of course Ma’am.
let’s have a game. Do you want games?

First, you have to sit in your relaxing

seats wherein you can stand up and run
fast. Because this game is called Alerta
Kangaroo.

Here are the instructions.

I will show you problems displayed
here. The thing you would do is solve it
and run up to this table to get the right
answer. Then, you will post it here in
the board. The ones who will get the
correct answer will be getting a prize. Yes, Ma’am.
Did you get it?

Are you ready? Here are the problems.

1. I am a quadrilateral. To get my Square.
area, you have to square my side.
2. I am like an octopus. I usually used Octagon.
as a box for wiring connections.
3. The sum of my interior angles is Triangle.
180°.
4. My sides are equal to the number of Pentagon.
sides of a star.
5. My lucky number is seven. Because Heptagon.
the number of my sides are seven.
6. I am a quadrilateral with two equal Trapezoid.
legs and have parallel sides.
7. I am like a square with four equal Rhombus.
sides. Two of my sides are slanted.
8. I have two pairs of parallel sides. Rectangle.
The shape of the blackboard is
usually like me.
 Let’s check their answers. Are they Yes, Ma’am.
correct?

Very good! Let’s give them an “Ang

galing galing clap, Batangueño No.
version” clap. Do you know it?

It goes like this. Three claps. Three

stamps. And say, “Ala eh’y pagkaling!” (The students will do the clap for their
Now, let’s do it. classmates.)

Here are your prizes. You may take

your seats.

C. Developmental Activities
1. Presentation
According to the figures posted on the
board, what do you think is our topic Polygons.
for today?

Yes! Today, we are going to tackle

about polygons, its names and types, as
well as their interior angles.

2. Discussion
Based on the problems your classmates
answered a while ago, will you give me
your own meaning of the term (The students will state their ideas and
polygon? opinions.)

Very good, class!

What is polygon? Where the word Polygon came from the words POLY which
polygon came from? Will you please means many and GONIA meaning angles.
read? Polygon has many angles.
 It is a plane shape with 3 or more straight
Thank you! Altogether, please read the sides. It can be defined as a closed plane figure
other meaning of polygon. that is the union of a finite number of line
segments.

Like the shapes posted here, their sides

are straight and the figure is closed and
plane. They also have 2 or more angles.
But, these polygons have their names
according to the number of their sides.
Triangle, Ma’am.
What do you think is the polygon with
three sides?

Right! So, this is a triangle.

Quadrilaterals.
How about a 4-sided polygon? What do
you call by this?
Ma’am, the square is a quadrilateral. As well as
Yes! And we have different kind of the rectangle, trapezoid and rhombus. Because
quadrilaterals. What are these? they all have four sides.

Name Sides
Now, let’s read the names of polygons  Triangle 3
with 5, 6, 7, 8, so on and so forth sides.  Quadrilateral 4
 Pentagon 5
 Hexagon 6
 Heptagon 7
 Octagon 8
 Nonagon 9
 Decagon 10
 Undecagon 11
 Dodecagon 12
 Triskaidecagon 13
 Tetrakaidecagon 14
 Pentadecagon 15
 Hexakaidecagon 16
 Heptadecagon 17
  Octakaidecagon 18
 Enneadecagon 19
 Icosagon 20
 Triacontagon 30
 Tetracontagon 40
 Pentacontagon 50
 Hexacontagon 60
 Heptacontagon 70
 Octacontagon 80
 Enneacontagon 90
 Hectagon 100
 Chiliagon 1,000
 Myriagon 10,000
 Megagon 1,000,000
n-gon n

A polygon can be named also as 13-

gon, 14-gon, etc.

We also have types of polygons namely The polygon is regular if all angles and sides
regular and irregular. Will you please are equal. Otherwise, if it is not, it is irregular.
read the differences between the two?

Thank you!
Here are the examples of a regular
polygon. They have equal sides and
angles.
No, Ma’am.
I have a question. Can a square be an
irregular polygon? Because a square has four equal sides and its
angles measure exactly 90°.if its two sides
Why? were extender and made longer, it cannot be
called a square anymore. It is a rectangle which
is an irregular polygon.
Very well said! Convex polygon has no angles pointing
We have convex and concave polygon. inwards. More precisely, no internal angle can
What is convex polygon? Please read. be more than 180°.

If any internal angle is greater than 180°, then

Here are the examples of convex. the polygon is concave. Concave has a cave in
How about concave? it.

These are concave polygons.

Do you now know the difference Yes, Ma’am.

between convex and concave? Can you
now distinguish?

Very good!

Aside from regular and irregular,

convex and concave, a polygon can be A simple polygon has only one boundary, and
described as simple and complex. So, it doesn't cross over itself. A complex polygon
what are these? Please read. Altogether. intersects itself! Many rules about polygons
don't work when it is complex.

This is a simple pentagon. And this one

is also called pentagon with 5 sides but
it is called complex polygon.

How about interior angles?

Class, interior angles are the angles
inside the polygon. Different polygons,
different sum of their interior angles.

Like for example, a triangle. What do 180°.

you think is the sum of its interior
angles?
 No.
Yes, you’re right. How about
quadrilaterals? Is it 180° also?

Let us try to look at this. This square, if

we divide it into two, we can form two
triangles. If we have two triangles 360°.
combined in a quadrilateral, what is the
sum of its interior angles?

Correct!
How about pentagon? Hexagon?
Heptagon? Do we need to divide it and
count the triangles that can be formed?
And then add 180° + 180° + 180°…?
No! We have a formula for this.

The formula is (n-2)180°. N stands for

the number of sides of the polygon.

For example, a 13-gon. We only have

to substitute it.
(n-2)180°
(13-2)180°
(11)180°
1980°

The sum of the measures of pentagon’s

interior angles is 1980°. Do you get it Yes, Ma’am.
class?

You try this. (A student will volunteer to answer on the

What is the sum of the interior angles board.)
of a nonagon? (n-2)180°
(9-2)180°
(7)180°
1260°

Yes.
 Is he/she correct class?

Here is your prize. (n-2)180°

(56-2)180°
Another. How about a 56-gon? (54)180°
9720°

Yes, Ma’am.

Do you truly understand it now?

None.
3. Generalization
Do you questions or clarifications? Yes.

Did you understand it all?

Ma’am, we learned that polygons are plane and
Who can share to class what he/she has closed figures composed of straight lines.
learned today? There are types of polygons namely, regular,
irregular, convex, concave, simple and
complex. Regular polygons have equal sides
and angles. In contrast, it is irregular. Convex
has no internal angle more than 180°. While
the polygon having interior angle greater than
180° is called concave. Lastly, the simple and
complex. Simple has only one boundary while
complex intersects itself.

Ma’am, polygons have different sum of

Excellent! Let’s give him 5 claps. interior angles and it can be solved using the
Other things to be added? formula, (n-2)180°.

Right!

4. Application
Now, I will group you into 3 groups.
The first group will think and draw in a
bond paper examples of regular and
 irregular polygons. The second will be
the convex and concave. And the third
group is the simple and complex
polygons. You will also get the sum of
the interior angles of the polygons you
gave. Yes, Ma’am.

Understood class?

IV. Evaluation
Look at the pictures. Describe the polygons completely. The first one is done for you.

3.

irregular convex simple pentagon

1. 4.

2.
5.

V. Assignment
Practice yourself. Answer the problems on your Geometry book pp. 106-107.

Ref. Geometry, pp. 106-107