CAPACITENCE

 Capacitance – ability to store  C = KCO  If both plates touch each other

charge  Force between the plates then potential difference = 0
 It is a scalar quantity q
2
1 2
 Battery disconnected
 F= = ϵO A E
 Stores electrical energy 2ϵo A 2  Charge = const
 SI unit – Farad  Energy density or electrostatic  E` = E /K
 Dimensional formula – pressure  C` = KC
F 1 2
M- 1L- 2 T4A- 2  = ϵ E  V` = V / K
A 2 O
 Q = CV  U` = U /K
 Polarization vector
 Capacitance depends on  Battery connected
 It is a vector quantity which
 Geometry  Q` = K Q
describes the extent to which
 Medium molecules of dielectric become  E` = E
 Distance polarized by an electric field  V` = V
 Capacitance doesnot depend on q
 ⃗
P=n ⃗ P = =σ i  C` = KC
 Charge A
 If capacitor is partially filled with  U` = KU
 Potential  Capacitors in parallel
dielectric slab of thickness t
 nature of material ϵ0 A  C P =C1 +C 2
 C=
thickness of conductor  t  Capacitors in series
( d−t ) +
 capacitance of spherical shell K 1 1 1
 Only overlapping area will  C =C + C
S 1 1
contribute in C  n capacitors connected in parallel
and in series
C MAX 2
 =n
C MIN
 Plate separation division - series
 C = 4 π ϵO R
K1 K2
 Energy stored in a capacitor  C= A ε O [ ]
2  Pressure on soap bubble d 1 K 2+ d 1 K 1
q 1 2 1
 U= = C V = QV σ
2
4T 1  If d1 = d2 = d / 2
2C 2 2  P= = = ϵO E
2

q 2 ϵ0 R 2 2 K1 K2
 dU = dq  C=C [ ]
C  Combination of N charged tiny K2+ K1
 work done by battery drops  Plate area division - parallel
Q
2
 R = N1/3 r ϵO
 W =QV =C V =
2
 C= [ A1 K 1 + A 2 K 2 ]
C  Q=Nq d
A ϵO  If A1 = A2 = A / 2
 C=  CBIG = N1/3 C
d
 If dielectric of medium K is filled 

σ B=N
VB = N V
1/ 3

2/3
σ  C=
d 2 [
Aϵ O K 1 + K 2
]
in between the plates  Common potential
 CAPACITENCE

 If same charged plate are  V ` = VO

connected  U ` < UO
C 1 V 1 +C 2 V 2
 V=  C < CO
C1 +C 2
 N capacitors are there in
 If different charged plates are
unbalancing wheat stone bridge
connected
 C = 7N/5
C 1 V 1−C 2 V 2
 V=  Cylindrical capacitor
C1 +C 2
 Two capacitors connected in 2π ϵo l
C=
series  r2
ln
C2 r1
 V 1= V
C 1+C 2
C1
 V 2= V
C 1+C 2
 Displacement vector
 D=ϵ O E+ ⃗ P
 P= χ e E
 χ e =(K−1)ϵ O
 Loss in energy
 U =C1 C2 ¿ ¿
 In metallic sphere
q1 R 1
 =
q2 R 2
 Battery removed
 Separation between plates is
increased
 Q` = Q
 E` = E
 V ` > VO
 U ` > UO
 C < CO
 Battery connected
 Separation between plates is
increased
 Q ` < QO
 E` < E O