EXPERIMENT NO.

- 01
INTRODUCTION OF TOOLS, ELECTRICAL MATERIALS
AIM- Introduction of tools, electrical materials, symbols and devices etc
THEORY-
TOOLs- Tools generally used by an electrician and used in electrical workshop are following-
Plier- Generally three types of pliers are used in the electrical workshop. They are:-
Flat Nose Plier- Used for holding jobs or holding wires. It has got only two slotted jaws, which
are tapered. Thus it is used for tightening or loosening small nuts.

Side Cutting Plier- Used for cutting of thin wires and removing insulations from them. It has
got cutting edge on its one of its sides.

Round Nose Plier- Used only to hold or cut the wires. It has no gripping jaws. Its cutting edge
is long and rounded on the top.
Screw Driver- It is used to loosen or tighten or to keep screws in position. It has a wooden or
plastic handle and a blade of high carbon steel.

Chisel-
Firmer Chisel- Generally used for carpentry works and can be used by hand pressure or with
the help of mallet. It has flat blade, which varies from 12mm to 15mm.

Cold Chisel- Used for cutting iron pieces (cold). It has cutting angle from 30 to 45and is made
of high carbon steel.

Hammer- Most commonly used in the workshop. The head is made of cast iron or forged; the
claw is hardened and tampered. The striking place is slightly convex. The head is fitted with a
wooden handle of various lengths.
Hacksaw- Used to cut metal such as iron strips, core pipes etc. it has a blade made of high steel
or tungsten.

Electrical Tools-
Tumbler Switch- (6 A for light), this switch was used 3-4 decade ago. It is made of Bakelite.
MCB Box- Known as the Miniature Circuit Breaker Box.

Metal Conduit Pipe With Juntion Box- Metallic hollow pipe, which is used as a passage for
electrical house, hold wires. It is fixed to walls with the help of metallic saddle.

Metal Bend- Hollow metallic pipe bend to an angle of 90 to allow smooth movement of wires
inserted through the walls during wiring

Batten Wiring- It is an old-fashioned wiring used 4-5 decades ago.

PVC Bend- Work similarly as metal bends but it is made up of PVC that makes it lighter,
cheaper and more durable.
Batten Lamp Holder- mainly used to hold electric bulbs and lamps.

Switch Board With Switches- it contains the following:

One-Way Switch- it is a device used to switch on lights of 6A.

7/20 SWG (Power Wire)- they are used in power purposes for duty electrical appliances. 7/20
means 7 numbers of wires in the cable and 20 strands for thickness or gauge size.

3/20 SWG (Phase Wiring)- mostly used for house wiring purposes.
3/22 SWG (Neutral Wire)-it is also used for house wiring purposes.

1/18 SWG- it is used for earthing.

Flexible Cable- This is a temporary wire used for both power and light but temporarily. It is
used as extension wire.

CONCLUSION- In this way we can study the different tools and electrical material used for
electrical circuit connection.
 EXPERIMENT NO.- 02
STAIRCASE WIRING
AIM-
To prepare a staircase wiring using two-way switch.
APPARATUS-
1. Two-way switch (230 V/6A) – 02 Nos.
2. Round Block – 01 No.
3. Celling Rose – 01 No.
4. Fluorescent Lamp – 01 No.
5. Batten, clips, wires (1/8) – 01 No.
TOOLS-
1. Hammer
2. Screw Driver
3. Wire stripper
4. Plier
5. Tester
6. Hack-Saw
7. Power drill machine
THEORY-
One light point is to be controlled by two switches placed at two different places,
so that the light can be switched ON and OFF by either switch. This type of control of
lamp is often used in staircase lighting where it is necessary that the person going up the
stair should be able to switch ON and after reaching upstairs should be able to switched
OFF the lamp. Similarly, also for the person who wants to come down.

CIRCUIT DIGRAM-
PROCEDURE-
1. Draw the layout of staircase wiring.
2. Fix the battens on the board according to layout.
3. Nail the clips on the batten maintaining sufficient distance between adjacent clips.
4. Fix the components of the layout at the proper place on the batten.
5. Do the wiring according to the layout on the battens and the clips.
6. Connect the fluorescent bulb.
7. Check the wiring from supervisor.
SAFETY PRACTICE-
1. Wiring connections and components should not be loose.
2. While closing the electric switch, always grasp the switch by insulated handle.
3. Do not run too many electrical items from one point.
4. Use fuses and circuits-breakers of proper of proper capacity.
5. Do not pour water to put OFF fires in electrical wires and electrical equipment’s.
6. Never remove the plug from an outlet by pulling the cord. Always pull by holding the
plug.

USES –
For staircase and other operations where we can handle output from two places.

CONCLUSION –
In this way we can make the connection for staircase using two-way switch.
 EXPERIMENT NO.- 03
HOUSE WIRING
AIM-
To prepare a typical House wiring.
APPARATUS-
1. Energy Meter (1200 rev/KWH) – 01 No.
2. Rewireable Fuse(15A) – 01 No.
3. Main Switch (210 V, 6A) – 01 No.
4. Switch Board (8” * 6”) – 01 No.
5. One way switch (230 V, 6A) – 03 Nos.
6. Five Pin socket (230 V, 6A) – 01 No.
7. Rewireable Fuse(6A) – 01 No.
8. Indicator – 01 No.
9. Bell push Button (230 V, 6A) – 01 No.
10.Round Block – 02 Nos.
11.Celling rose – 01 No.
12.Angle holder – 01 No.
13.Bell (230 V, ^A) – 01 No.
14.Batten, clips, wires (SWG 1/18)
TOOLS-
1. Hammer
2. Screw Driver
3. Wire stripper
4. Plier
5. Tester
6. Hack-Saw
7. Power drill machine
8. Insulated tape
THEORY-
The term electrical insulation means electrical wiring and fittings insulated in a particular
place i.e. residential building, a factory, a commercial complex etc. There are various types of
wiring which can be provided, the choice of the particular use, financial implications and
personal preference. Whatever may be the type of wiring, the installation work should be in
accordance with the Indian electricity rules 1956.
The planning and designing internal wiring should be done before the civil construction
starts, to avoid wasteful expenditure on alterations and modifications. The layout of electrical
wiring should be prepared in advance and copy is handed over to the civil engineer to make the
necessary provisions in the building for electrical wiring.
CIRCUIT DIGRAM-

PROCEDURE-
1. Draw the layout of housing wiring.
2. Fix the battens on the board according to layout.
3. Nail the clips on the batten maintaining sufficient distance between adjacent clips.
4. Fix the components of the layout at the proper place on the board.
5. Do the wiring according to the layout on the battens and the clips.
6. Check the wiring from supervisor.
SAFETY PRACTICE-
1. Wiring connections and components should not be loose.
2. While closing the electric switch, always grasp the switch by insulated handle.
3. Do not run too many electrical items from one point.
4. Use fuses and circuits-breakers of proper of proper capacity.
5. Do not pour water to put OFF fires in electrical wires and electrical equipment’s.
USES –
For house wiring and other operations where we can take number of connections.

CONCLUSION –
In this way we can make the connection for housing wiring.
 EXPERIMENT NO.- 04
HOUSE WIRING
AIM-
To prepare a typical Godown wiring.
APPARATUS-
1. Rewireable Fuse(6A) – 01 No.
2. One way switch (230 V, 6A) – 01 No.
3. Two-way switch (230 V, 6A) – 02 Nos.
4. Round Block – 03 Nos.
5. Angle holder – 03 Nos.
6. Batten, clips, wires (SWG 1/18)

TOOLS-
1. Hammer
2. Screw Driver
3. Wire stripper
4. Plier
5. Tester
6. Hack-Saw
7. Power drill machine

THEORY-
Godown wiring is used in godown whose construction is as shown in figure.

When switch S1 is ON, the bulb B1 is ON. After entering room no. 1 by operating switch
S2. The bulb B2 is ON and B1 is OFF. After entering in room no.3 by operating switch S3, the
bulb B3 is ON and bulb B2 is Off. In this way, the bulbs are operated in successive way.
CIRCUIT DIGRAM-

PROCEDURE-
1. Draw the layout of godown wiring.
2. Fix the battens on the board according to layout.
3. Fix the clips on the batten maintaining sufficient distance between adjacent clips.
4. Fix the components of the layout at the proper place on the board.
5. Do the wiring according to the layout on the battens and the clips.
6. Check the wiring from supervisor.

SAFETY PRACTICE-
1. Wiring connections and components should not be loose.
2. Use fuse of proper of proper capacity.
3. Do not pour water to put OFF fires in electrical wires and electrical equipment’s.

USES –
For godown wiring and other operations where we can take number of connections.

CONCLUSION –
In this way we can make the connection for godown wiring.
 EXPERIMENT NO.- 05
THREE PHASE WIRING
AIM-
To prepare a typical Three phase wiring.
APPARATUS-
1. Three phase main switch – 01 No.
2. D. O. L. Starter – 01 No.
3. 3-Phase squirrel cage star connected I. M. – 01 No.

TOOLS-
1. Hammer
2. Screw Driver
3. Wire stripper
4. Plier
5. Tester
6. Hack-Saw
7. Power drill machine
8. Insulation Tape

THEORY-
3-phase I. M. can starter on line, using triple pole circuit can do this. To incorporate motor
protection against overload relay and contactor unit is used. The contactor can energize or
reenergized by separate push button for starting and stopping motor. The motor is protected
against overload by thermal over load relay.
Cartridge fuse are provided on power circuit for protection of motor, in case of short
circuit as thermal overload relay is too slow. The contactor will not have sufficient capacity of
breaking capacity, hold on contact start push button is provide no contact of contactor as push
button makes momentary contact only. When it is desired to stop the motor, OFF push button is
pressed. Which deenergized control circuit. Thus main contact of motor was getting supply &
also failure of supply, contactor become deenergized and motor stop automatically and not start
running when power is restore.

CIRCUIT DIGRAM-
PROCEDURE-
1. Draw the layout of 3-phase wiring.
2. Fix the battens on the board according to layout.
3. Fix the clips on the batten maintaining sufficient distance between adjacent clips.
4. Fix the wiring of the layout at the proper place on the board.
5. Do the wiring according to the layout on the battens and tie clips.
6. Check the wiring from supervisor.

SAFETY PRACTICE-
1. Wiring connections and components should not be loose.
2. While closing electrical switch always grasp switch by insulation handle.
3. Do not run too many electrical items from one point.
4. Use fuse and MCB of proper of proper capacity.
5. Do not pour water to put OFF fires in electrical wires and electrical equipment’s.

USES –
For staring/running of three phase induction motor.

CONCLUSION –
In this way we can make the connection for 3-phase Induction Motor wiring.