EE 3006
Electromechanical Energy
Conversion Capsule
1 – Introduction & Basics
Instructor
Burak Tekgun, Ph.D.
Updated 19/2/2024
Introduction
• Electric Machines
• Electric Drives Structure
• Applications
• Multi-Disciplinary Nature
• Course Outline
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Electric Machines
ELECTRIC MACHINES
STATIONARY ROTARY LINEAR
ELECTRIC MACHINES ELECTRIC MACHINES ELECTRIC MACHINES
*Transformers • Linear motors
DC MACHINES AC MACHINES
• Separately excited
• Shunt
• Series SYNCHRONOUS ASYNCHRONOUS
SPECIAL MACHINES
• Compound MACHINES MACHINES
• PM
• DC excited • Single Phase IM • Stepper motor
Synchronous • Polyphase IM
• PM Synchronous
• Brushless DC
(Servo)
• Switched
Reluctance
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Electric Drives
Electric Drive
Power
Processing Motor Load
Fixed form Unit (PPU)
speed /
Electric Source Adjustable position
(utility) Form
Sensor
s
Controller
Power
Signal
Input command
(speed / position)
Role of Electric Drive: Efficient conversion
Figure ofdiagram
1-3 Block power of an electric drive system.
from electrical to mechanical and vice versa
Role of PPU: Delivers appropriate form of frequency and voltage to the machine (as required by the load or
the prime mover)
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Transportation
Electric Trains, Airplanes, Ships, etc
Vehicles:
Electric Vehicles
Hybrid-Electric Vehicles
Pluggable Electric Vehicles
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Application for Energy Conservation
Home appliances
Heat Pumps
Air-conditioners
So on…
Most of the times operates with cycled operation
About 30% improvement in efficiency by running compressor
at appropriately reduced speed using an ASD
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Traditional Pump-Driven Systems
Throttling
Valve Outlet
Adjustable
Motor Inlet
Speed Drive
Essentially Pump
Constant Speed
(ASD)
(a) (b
▪ Constant frequency AC - essentially constant pump
speed Figure 1-2 Traditional and ASD based flow control systems
▪ Inefficient - Heat generated in pump and throttling valve
▪ Not amenable to automation
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Adjustable Speed Drives (ASDs)
Throttling
Valve Outlet Outlet
Adjustable
Inlet Inlet
Speed Drive
ally Pump
Speed Pump
(ASD)
a) (b)
e 1-2 Traditional and ASD based flow control systems.
▪ Driven at appropriate speed
▪ No need for the throttling valve
▪ High Efficiency
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Power and Speed Range
A very wide range of speed and power
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Multi-Disciplinary Nature of Drive Systems
• Theory of Electric Machines
• Power Electronics
• Control Theory
• Real-Time Control Using DSPs
• Mechanical System Modeling
• Sensors
• Interactions of Drives with the Utility Grid
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Course Outline
Electric Machines Finite Element Analysis
• Introduction and Basics • Introduction to FEA
• Basics of steady state AC circuits • Introduction to Ansys Maxwell
• Magnetic Circuits • Application 1
• Electromechanical Energy Conversion • Application 2
• Transformers •…
• Induction Machines
• Synchronous Machines
• DC Machines
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Textbooks
Textbooks
• Fitzgerald & Kingsley’s Electric Machinery, 7th Edition, Stephen D.
Umans, Mc-Graw Hill.
• Principles of Electrical Machines and Power Electronics, 3rd Edition,
P. C. Sen, Wiley & Sons.
Additional Materials
• Power Electronic Device, Circuit and Applications, 4th Edition,
Muhammed Rashid, Pearson.
• Electric Machines and Drives: A First Course, 1st Edition, Ned Mohan,
Wiley & Sons.
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Grading
• 10% Homework
• 10% Labs (Subject to change) (80% attendance is mandatory)
• 12% Test I
• 13% Test II + TBD Project Exam
• 15% Test III + TBD Project Exam
• 40% Project (x2) (includes project exams)
• FEA design, analysis, and optimization of a transformer. (20%)
• FEA design, analysis, and optimization of a permanent magnet synchronous motor.
(20%)
• Test average should be > 40%
• Lab report average should be > 75% 14
Electric Machine Basics
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Outline
• Understanding Mechanical System Requirements
• Torque to meet mechanical System Requirement
• System with Linear Motion
• System with Rotary Motion
• Moment of Inertia
• Acceleration, Speed and Position
• Frictional Torque
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Dynamic Operation
• How the operating point changes with time
• Important for High Performance Drives
• Speed change: rapid and without any oscillations
• Requires good controller design
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End of the Session
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