4.

One of the commonest indicators of facing in

1. In overturned crossed-bedding, it is further non-cohesive granular sediments.
indicated by the fact that it is intrastratal and
the bed as a whole is not involved in this a. Cross-stratification
deformation. b. Current bedding
c. Cross lamination
a. Penecontemporaneouos deformation d. All of the above
b. Isoclinical folds
c. Penecontemporaneous deformation Explanation:
d. Isoclinal folds Cross-stratification (or current bedding or
cross lamination) - One of the commonest
Explanation: indicators of facing in non-cohesive granular
Penecontemporaneous deformation is further sediments. The internal laminations of a bed
indicated by the fact that it is intrastratal and are inclined to the general bedding or the
the bed as a whole is not involved in this principal surface of deposition.
deformation. PAGE 7
PAGE 8

5. The presence of stratification greatly

2. Convolute laminations are intrastratal and facilitates the structural analysis of an area
the bed as a whole or the bounding layers because the bedding and the interfaces of the
share the same deformation. folds provide us with a set of marker surfaces
which were more or less planar and
a. TRUE horizontal before the onset of deformation.
b. FALSE
a. TRUE
Explanation:
Convolute laminations are intrastratal and b. FALSE
the bed as a whole or the bounding layers do Explanation:
not share the same deformation.
PAGE 9 The presence of stratification greatly
facilitates the structural analysis of an area
because the bedding and the interfaces of the
3. Identify at least two of the most important beds provide us with a set of marker surfaces
way-up indicators of facing which were more or less planar and
➢ Cross-stratification horizontal before the onset of deformation.
➢ Ripple marks
➢ Graded bedding PAGE 7

Explanation:
Cross-stratification, ripple marks and
graded bedding are the three most important
way-up indicators.
PAGE 8
6. There are four types of symmetry along the 8. Preparing ___________ is the most
structure or the fabric. They are the axial important part on the structural analysis
symmetry that has an infinite number of where geologist measure the attitudes of all
symmetrical planes, the monoclinic that has types of planar and linear structures at
one symmetrical plane, triclinic that do not suitable intervals and plot them directly on
have any symmetrical plane, and the map.
orthorhomobic that has two symmetrical
planes. a. Geological and Structural Map
b. Structure Mapping
a. TRUE c. Geology of Structure Map
b. FALSE d. Rock Mapping
Explanation: Explanation:
orthorhomobic is not the right term in Geological and Structural Map is the most
describing the structure that has two important part of structural analysis due to
symmetrical planes. It should be the the fact that geologist measure the attitudes of
ORTHORHOMBIC. all types of planar and linear structures at
suitable intervals and plot them on it.
PAGE 5
PAGE 6

7. The structures that are produced by

deformation of rocks are called ________? 9. Give at least four system of scale

a. Primary Structure ➢ Microscopic scale

b. Secondary Structure ➢ Small Scale
c. Cleavage ➢ Intermediate Scale
d. Deformed Structure ➢ Large Scale
➢ Sub-microscopic Scale
Explanation:
➢ Mesoscopic Scale
The secondary structures are the structures ➢ Macroscopic Scale
that are produced by rocks deformation. The
Explanation:
primary structures are the original structure
of rocks. The cleavage is the result of splitting There are 7 system of scale mentioned in
the crystallography plains or minerals in the module which are the microscopic
rocks. And deformed structure was not scale, small scale, intermediate scale,
mention or doesn’t have any definition in the large scale, sub-microscopic scale,
module. mesoscopic scale, macroscopic scale.
PAGE 5 PAGE 6
10. Folds is related to bedding in which it has 13. The orientation of a line or a plane is
layers. The difference between bedding and represented in coordinate geometry with
folds is that bedding has a bend structure like reference to a coordinate system.
wavy and curvy while folds are uncurved
instead of folding structure. a. TRUE
b. FALSE
a. TRUE
Explanation:
b. FALSE
The orientation of a line or a plane is
Explanation:
represented in coordinate geometry with
Folds is related to bedding in terms of reference to a coordinate system.
layering. Bedding mostly are plain, however
PAGE 11
there are some cases that it has curve. On the
other hand, folds, characterize with wavy and
curvy structure.
14. Another common type of linear structure
PAGE 5 which is marked by preferred orientation of
elongate grains.

11. Strike is the angle between the planar a. S-Tectonites

structure and a horizontal plane. Dip is the b. intersection Lineation
geographic direction of a horizontal line c. mineral lineation
occurring on the planar structure. d. none of the above
a. TRUE
b. FALSE Explanation:

Explanation: Mineral lineation is another common type of

linear structure that is marked by preferred
Dip refers to the angle between the planar orientation of elongate grains.
structure and a horizontal plane While strike PAGE 10
is the geographic direction of a horizontal
line occurring on the planar structure.
15. ________ are those which show only a
PAGE 10 single dominant cleavage: _________ show
a single dominant lineation.

12. These are geological structures such as a. planar structures: linear structures
bedding, faults, joints, and axial planes. b. dip: strike
a. geological structures c. strike: dip direction
b. planar structures d. S-tectonites: L-tectonites
c. linear Structures
d. dip direction Explanation:
Explanation:
S-tectonites are those which show only a
Geological structures such as bedding, single dominant cleavage and L-tectonites
faults, joints, and axial planes are examples show a single dominant lineation.
of planar structures. PAGE 10
PAGE 10
16. Give three different symbols used to 18. The angle between a line's strike and the
represent the attitudes of different kinds of plane's pitch is known as the pitch of the line.
planar and linear structures in the map
a. TRUE
➢ Bedding, b. FALSE
➢ Overturned bedding
➢ Vertical bedding Explanation:
➢ Horizontal bedding
➢ Cleavage of different The statement should be "The angle between
types/generations a line's pitch and the plane's strike is known
➢ Vertical cleavage as the pitch of the line."
➢ Horizontal cleavage
➢ Linear structures of different types PAGE 14
and generations
➢ Vertical linear structures
➢ Horizontal linear structures 19. The dip angle is calculated as the angle
➢ Direction of younging formed by these two lines from the direction
➢ Axial trace of antiform of the stylus at the outer scale.
➢ Axial trace of synform
a. true
Explanation: b. FALSE

These are examples of symbols used to mark Explanation:

attitudes of different kinds of planar and
linear structure in a geological map. The dip angle is measured and recorded at the
inner scale of the clinometer.
PAGE 13 TO 14
PAGE 12

17. The inclination of the planar structure's trace

on a vertical section that forms an angle with
the dip direction is known as the
__________.

a. Strike
b. Dip
c. Apparent Dip
d. None of the Above

Explanation:

This is basically the definition of apparent

dip.

PAGE 14
20. Which is false regarding the clinometer
compass

i. The geographic directions are spelled out

from 0 to 360° on the compass dial's outer
circle
ii. The stylus hangs tightly and serves as a
plumbline when the dial is held vertically
iii. Has an inner scale with 90° divisions on
either side of the zero mark
iv. The clinometer comes in several models,
but the basic principle of construction is
retained though some of them.

a. i & ii
b. iii & iv
c. ii & iv
d. None of the above

Explanation:

The 2nd statement must be that the stylus

hangs "freely" while the 4th statement should
be that "but the basic principle of
construction is retained though ALL of
them".

PAGE 12