CE631 Earthquake Resistant Design

Assignment No. 4, Submission date: 27 July, 2020

Carry out Response Spectrum Analysis (RSA) of a four storey structure to determine mode shapes and corresponding
base shears.

Building size = 25 30 ft² = 750 ft²

Seismic Zone = 3
No. of Stories (r )= 4
Ground storey height = 12.50 ft
Storey height (h ) = 10.50 ft
Live Load (Floor) = 80 psf
Live Load (Roof) = 35 psf
Roof finish = 35 psf
Floor finish = 20 psf
No. of Colmns/floor = 9
No. of beams/floor = 12
Column (G floor) = 10 20 in²
Column (1st floor) = 10 16 in²
Column (2nd floor) = 10 16 in²
Column (3rd floor) = 10 10 in²
Beams = 10 16 in²
Infill wall th. = 10 in
Slab th. = 6 in
papet wall height = 4.5 ft
Soil condition = stiff

Materials: fc' = 4 ksi Unit wt. (concrete) = 150 pcf m4

fy = 40 ksi Unit wt. (masonry) = 120 pcf

Solution: m3 k4
Weights at different floor levels:
1st floor 2nd floor 3rd floor Roof
m2 k3
Beam wt. / floor = 50 50 50 50 kip
Slab wt. / floor = 56.3 56.3 56.3 56.3 kip
Columns wt. / floor = 23.4 15.8 15.8 15.8 kip
Imp. DL /floor = 15 15 15 26.3 kip m1 k2
LL / floor = 60 60 60 26.3 kip
Wall wt. /floor = 168.8 141.8 141.8 49.5 kip
k1
Total / floor = 373.5 338.9 338.9 224.2 kip

Let m = 6.963 kips/g, & k= 1937 kip/ft

W1 = 373.5 kip m1 = 1.67 m

W2 = 338.9 kip m2 = 1.51 m 1m
W3 = 338.9 kip m3 = 1.51 m 1k
W4 = 224.2 kip m4 = 1 m 1.51 m
4.13 k
G floor 1st floor 2nd floor 3rd floor 1.51 m
4
Col. I = 0.322 0.165 0.165 0.040 ft 4.13 k
Col. E = 519120 519120 519120 519120 ksf 1.67 m
4.77 k
k1 = 9243 kip/ft k1 = 4.77 k
k2 = 7991 kip/ft k2 = 4.13 k
k3 = 7991 kip/ft k3 = 4.13 k
k4 = 1937 kip/ft k4 = 1 k
 Mass_matrix = m 1.67 0 0 0
0 1.51 0 0
0 0 1.51 0
0 0 0 1

Stiffness_matrix = k 8.9 -4.13 0 0

-4.13 8.26 -4.13 0
0 -4.13 5.13 -1
0 0 -1 1

k 8.9 -4.13 0 0 - m ω² 1.67 0 0 0 = 0

-4.13 8.26 -4.13 0 0 1.51 0 0
0 -4.13 5.13 -1 0 0 1.51 0
0 0 -1 1 0 0 0 1

8.9 -4.13 0 0 - m ωn² 1.67 0 0 0 = 0

-4.13 8.26 -4.13 0 k 0 1.51 0 0
0 -4.13 5.13 -1 0 0 1.51 0
0 0 -1 1 0 0 0 1

Let λn = m ωn² / k , ωn = √(λn k/m)

Using Goal Seek function find value of λn

Value of λ = 8.8142 λ1 = 0.3622 , ω1 = 10.0376 rad/sec , T1 = 0.63 sec

det.|[k]-λ[m]| = 0.0000 λ2 = 1.4713 , ω2 = 20.231 rad/sec , T2 = 0.31 sec
λ3 = 4.5492 , ω3 = 35.5743 rad/sec , T3 = 0.18 sec
λ4 = 8.8142 , ω4 = 49.5173 rad/sec , T4 = 0.13 sec

Mode shape coeffecients φjn:

(φjn) = mode shape coeffecient at floor 'j' and mode 'n'

For mode n, the shape vector and corresponding value of λn are:

φ11
φjn = φ21 and λn = λ1 , λ2 , λ3 , λ4
φ31
φ41

The charestic equation (for mode 1) is given as:

8.9-1.67λn -4.13 0 0 φ11 0

-4.13 8.26-1.51λn -4.13 0 φ21 = 0
0 -4.13 5.13-1.51λn -1 φ31 0
0 0 -1 1-λn φ41 0
 Let φ31 = 1, by solving the above matrix for mode 1, we get:

λ1 = 0.3622 , 8.295 -4.13 0 0 φ11 0 φ41 = 1

-4.13 7.713 -4.13 0 φ21 = 0 φ31 = 0.638
0 -4.13 4.583 -1 φ31 0 φ21 = 0.466
0 0 -1 0.638 φ41 0 φ11 = 0.232

Similarly for mode 2:

6.443 -4.13 0 0 φ12 0 φ42 = 1
λ2 = 1.4713 , -4.13 6.038 -4.13 0 φ22 = 0 φ32 = -0.471
0 -4.13 2.908 -1 φ32 0 φ22 = -0.574
0 0 -1 -0.471 φ42 0 φ12 = -0.368

and for mode 3

1.303 -4.13 0 0 φ13 0 φ43 = 1
λ3 = 4.5492 , -4.13 1.391 -4.13 0 φ23 = 0 φ33 = -3.549
0 -4.13 -1.739 -1 φ33 0 φ23 = 1.252
0 0 -1 -3.549 φ43 0 φ13 = 3.968

and for mode 4 -5.82 -4.13 0 0 φ14 0 φ44 = 1

λ4 = 8.8142 , -4.13 -5.049 -4.13 0 φ24 = 0 φ34 = -7.814
0 -4.13 -8.179 -1 φ34 0 φ24 = 15.233
0 0 -1 -7.814 φ44 0 φ14 = -10.81

Mode 1 Mode 2 Mode 3 Mode 4

50 50 50 50

45 45 45 45

40 40 40 40

35 35 35 35

30 30 30 30

25 25 25 25

20 20 20 20

15 15 15 15

10 10 10 10

5 5 5 5

0 0 0 0
-1.5 -1 -0.5 0 0.5 1 1.5 -1.5 -1 -0.5 0 0.5 1 1.5 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 -20 -15 -10 -5 0 5 10 15 20
 Modal mass: See Chopra, Eq: 8.3.14, Eq: 8.4.12a, and Eq: 8.4.15

th
j= storey level W j = weight at j storey level
n = mode g = gravitational acceleration
r = No of floors
Mode 1
Weight Wj
storey level (kip)
φj1 Wj φj1 Wj (φj1 )2
2
1st floor 373.5 0.232 86.65 20.1 M1 = 31.97 kip-sec /ft
2nd floor 338.9 0.466 157.93 73.6
3rd floor 338.9 0.638 216.22 137.9
Roof 224.2 1 224.20 224.2
Total 1275.5 685.00 455.8

Mode 2
Weight Wj 2
φj2 Wj φj2 Wj (φj2 )
storey level (kip)
2
1st floor 373.5 -0.368 -137.45 50.6 M2 = 4.81 kip-sec /ft
2nd floor 338.9 -0.574 -194.53 111.7
3rd floor 338.9 -0.471 -159.62 75.2
Roof 224.2 1 224.20 224.2
Total 1275.5 -267.40 461.6

Mode 3
Weight Wj 2
φj3 Wj φj3 Wj (φj3 )
storey level (kip)
1st floor 373.5 3.968 1482.05 5880.8 M3 = 2.45 kip-sec2/ft
2nd floor 338.9 1.252 424.30 531.2
3rd floor 338.9 -3.549 -1202.76 4268.6
Roof 224.2 1 224.20 224.2
Total 1275.5 927.79 10904.8

Mode 4
Weight Wj 2
φj3 Wj φj3 Wj (φj3 )
storey level (kip)
2
1st floor 373.5 -10.810 -4037.54 43645.8 M4 = 0.37 kip-sec /ft
2nd floor 338.9 15.233 5162.46 78639.8
3rd floor 338.9 -7.814 -2648.16 20692.8
Roof 224.2 1 224.20 224.2
Total 1275.5 -1299.04 143202.5
2
M= 39.61 kip-sec /ft
Contribution of different modes
Mode 1 M1 / M= 81%
Mode 2 M2 / M= 12%
Mode 3 M3 / M= 6%
Mode 4 M4 / M= 1%
100%

Contribution of first three modes is 100% > 90% therefore O.K. [UBC 97: 1631.5.2]
Modal Participation Factors:

See Chopra, Eq: 8.3.14 and Eq: 8.4.12a

= 1.5027
= -0.5793
= 0.0851
= -0.0091

Determining of spectral sccelerations Sa:

BCP Reference
Z = 0.4 Zone 4, Table 5.9
ζ = 0.05 Assumed (typical RC Building)
Ca = 0.44 Table 5.16
Cv = 0.64 Table 5.17
R= 5.5 Table 5.13 or 5.15
Soil type = SD Table 4.1
Nv = 1 Table 5.19
Na = 1 Table 5.18

Mode 1 Mode 2 Mode 3 Mode 4

T1 = 0.63 T2 = 0.31 T3 = 0.18 T4 = 0.13
Ca = 0.44 Ca = 0.44 Ca = 0.44 Ca = 0.44
Cv = 0.64 Cv = 0.64 Cv = 0.64 Cv = 0.64
Ts = 0.58 Ts = 0.58 Ts = 0.58 Ts = 0.58
To = 0.12 To = 0.12 To = 0.12 To = 0.12
Sa (g) = 1.02 Sa (g) = 1.10 Sa (g) = 1.10 Sa (g) = 1.10

Peak lateral force at floor j in mode k is given by:

Vjn = See Chopra, Eq: 8.4.15

I= 1 Sa1 = 1.02 g , A1 = 0.19 g/g

R = 5.5 Sa2 = 1.10 g , A2 = 0.20 g/g
g = 32.2 ft/s² Sa3 = 1.10 g , A3 = 0.20 g/g
Sa4 = 1.10 g , A4 = 0.20 g/g
Storey shear at all four levels for different modes
V11 = 24.21 V12 = 15.92 V13 = 25.22 V14 = 7.33 kip
V21 = 44.12 V22 = 22.54 V23 = 7.22 V24 = -9.37 kip
V31 = 60.40 V32 = 18.49 V33 = -20.47 V34 = 4.80 kip
V41 = 62.63 V42 = -25.97 V43 = 3.82 V44 = -0.41 kip
Base shears for different modes
V1 = 191.35 V2 = 30.98 V3 = 15.79 V4 = 2.36 kip