wt M1 som. : ; Given, x(t) = sin (#) —cos (mt) The corresponding standard equation is, x(Q)) = Asin (2nf;t) — B cos (2nf>t)Now, TY HE nasa Since 7 is rational number, the signal is periodic. The 2 fundamental period is, T =1,=3T) Bu, = 6 and % = 2 folowing ‘gu periodic or non- Given, x() = 10sin 12.nt-+4 sin 18nt (1) ‘The corresponding standard equation is, X@ = Asin 2nfit+A sin 2-nfyt (2) ‘Comparing Equations (1) and (2), Qnft = L2nt and 2nfyt= 18nt + fy = 6Hzandf=9H2 1 1 oT ag and T= 1 wr _ Sao: Tyg Tite G 9 qT, Since the ratio = 7, ‘8 tational number; the signal is Periodic, The period is 1 = J sec.ag 01-2 nt azar Sone) _ omni dS son. a The sign stownin Fig 1.57 L frc@ia Sid Format, ect) we red 4 : ? 3 = we arog fate | ‘Tee amp of sign is Land iti fm =— ito + 4 es nm-peidi CT signal owe wll ene y oR = 1 7 Powe f tact Lay [Mae E f¥o J 14-9, red [has [3% ee) 15 TTT Find enery of causal exponential pulse x () © €°u @, a>. Bison: The signal is C7. exponent. is non prac. Soit isanenery signa, = [note The sia is coal kid th). So ts mieows, B= fetta Noe tat dao tm (iit e019 = Now ovate 20) = fr osts~ Find wheter the flowing signal ear power and find the coesponing valu (0 =0s(0) Fson: Given, x() = ott “The cosine function i period So itis ower sina, “Te ond tem i coin wave. If we integrate cos = Neti pop: or ease We power vey cei n= SE Here, x (=f cost i meds ampli i 1. a ped 1p elw eT Deter ero poe of tse sig som: oni dct tte. Ths x] =) © alelation ot eneray E ive Bu, ula} = Irom m=010% Std Formula eB = Diets ‘Thus eaczy of wt spin, Sot it nergy signal eee (nau-New yfabus we! aademicyes 21-72 (E30) Tech Neo PbliationsASACHINSHAA VentreaT 1 in = Noe teT Uh 1 tw Siac, omer sine, itis power Sigal 6 pom sas n cl i exyoPower, Ss a Is exgonenta signal, That means itis mow gerade signal So tis energy sgn Now, energy of CT signa ig B= 1? (tae St. Formula ‘Due tou), bein of iegration willbe O10, = feast (STS) 1 sBeb 1 exponent signal So non psode senl ‘Tacs cory sia Now energy of DT signi E= tx? Std ora ecto fhe tims will be010 = Std Formals 16 elf, Ue. 1512 LOS Dati ey an oer sign xi)=3e5,¢ sein: he ee, hey a3 ( 2x = Booes| sal ae ‘sg i gvea by, = fit st Femla «bey! futon 1 Fist we willedeulae, fix iat (U.N Syabus wa cadence 2-22 (46-90) Brea neombiotns Sto veerSyste (MU - Sem 6 lec Jitova = foo (a Formula, cos = BE se (-201 + FE on 01 =e E rasa) = ote tsnc00 Formals sin in) =0° «sin 2080 T Jeers or von 6 GB nae ‘atculaton of power Powerisivenby, a eet a Je ola wocucion Cassano ek Pa wre ag fitona apedw Since power sit, itis power signa, tone”) oxo=6 oom, On) Caeulatin of power «eo re ied [uate St oral sce maid wt (6 int Intgrati willbe O10 7m Shao oid Aletta = Jinatae fie ae fe* a (New Sabu we acai yar 21-2) (6-90 Tel retour. ASACIN SHAH VerteSie pomer i mr abd ney it fit; te given Be Juma | st rem cee [nore E =e flee Dla 7 =m fia ai, = eh, (New yas wat academic er 21-2 (650) Since, ena it afiy an peri, the ven sialic owe spa, PARTS TNTRODUCTION TO SYSTEMS Hq Deine cr. and 0%. Spams 2A pysem i psc deve at opees ipa Sigal mikes reared changes and produces te met ‘Thereaetvo.ypesof yes lows Bicester ‘Coninnu sETyare Petal Duscre Tine (BT) Systems 1eQ dein un ten Defiaon: A’ dscee tine sien it 8 pyc vice (angst which proms rue operon (ona ur ine ig, |A ieee tie system i epee sown in Fg 16100. |— 3 oe (exten) a) Wessex) 16): Drei ye Her x [ising dice tine sila o be system Misa caled a excatin. ‘The system opens on drt ine en. ‘hiss aed as proces of inp sig 0]. Capt of systems dace by yn} ts ao called ssreponeofsyen, Notation ‘When ip sigal is psed agh te yt then it Istepesente y folowing eoaion xl} yta) 08 ytaleThata} He Tica tora pion brea rtaon ASCH SHAH VentreSoln. : W yy=ex D> Step: If input x (t) = 0 then y (t) = 0. Thus system is | initially relaxed. eaSignals and Systems (MU - Sem 6-Eboctica) D Supl Conder Gere ae to input That means 1a 0+ 10 HO 12 no RO YO = HOO > Step IT: Aad inputs (0, (0 and apy othe ne a 2 [04240147 = [1 OF OF > SteptV :sincey (0 49" (sytem sno ier mM youd > Stepl: If inpat x () = 0:hen y (0 = 6! = 1. Thus system inal oo-eated > Sept: Letx(=% (0420 To no se 120 ma 2 AY @ = aM e20 > Step: Adopts nd apy oe system. tnosngoy ay" oad 28 a7 2210 > suepIV :Sicey #y" (nto en ia2 ‘Test the given apiem for linaiy, cast, sbi, memory and time vase rw=xit) ow ier. HZ som.: Uearty D sept: I apt x () inal rete. > Step I: Lerx =x (0 +2200 ¥ (= 0, Ths system is no ay r 2 on) (radon Cageiation of Signals and Syste) naga no. (1 > Step IIT Ad ewo lpn and apply 1 he sm. 3 nOmOlyo=nOrAO > StepIV Sine y «= 9" () system sine causatty Given, yo = 20 ‘A anytime, sy 1 =2,y (2) = x. tinct fae snp Says noms ‘Stability «If apt e bonded (nite) then outpt slko bounded. So tis stable system Menory : The sysem contin frre input, not ¢be ast inp Ss meals, “Time variance 1 Step: Delay inpot by k posios and denote utPot yen yGb = xb > sup tt: Replace ° by 1 ~ K throughout the sve ccuton fyb = xt0-W) > sep M:siace y (, K) # y (t~ B, sysem is tie fears) Psu ay 1402s. 59,0) Dec 5.5 Marl Forth given sytem, determine wheter is: 1. Memory es, 2-Caual 3. Time avant yo} = son: Given: y(o}=0x (0) 1. Roe ot contin ny past npr. So itis memory. 2. Meonaias oly peseat input So, tis cans. Step 1: Dey ipa by k postions. 2 ylk) = ax(a-t) “ > ep 2 Replace every mby akin the given equation. yla-K = (o~K}x(0-K) 2 > Slop Vex. 154 OA Detemine if the following system is memoryless, causal, linear, time invariant =x =u) 42 D son: ince yo, Ky Jn—K);istime variant. 20 = Gey) (MU-New Sylbus wet academic year 21-22) (M6-20) Given: yQ= X(t) 42 [Bl ec teo bition A SACIN SHAW Verte‘Ss ee Seems Sa 1 W casas deed em, si aot memeryes spe 2 does ot conta fe em st cas ye Supt: Appy 200 pt y=? la 10 = agen no Fegan nO 140-42 70 =Heevedeues > set PrO+01 Ty OH C-ment-l +2 > be aa Datimize if fog meses, cs, ne, tient) at Dison: Ghee, y= (0 est cn ny ps ig ei ‘memoryiess system. amamae © eons pep ets caa em (i) Laat. > Sept sttiapax (000 y() 20 Sot nity inet > Step tatx(0=1 060909 Sine. y #7" ts soatinarssem, T 40 Sanyo r 20 en 2100 4030 yo > Step: a, (+3910) yeti} (049 0) YO= MOH > Sup t¥ Sexe y0)=¥ ston Time vince Step: ety iby oss, yt) = ib > Step: Repae aby n-Kinte ses tin, fy = (RU-R > Sept: y (.4)#y (be soitisine vray. (esto Casteaton no (1-31) Ve 195 RTT Decrmie if the foving stem i wena es, cans ln tine vue vl soi: “Memry : The gen epaton conan res int aly. Soto ‘Casal: The ution des ot cola ae ip, Soitiseaua system © uneasty to) Supt: tapi mo deo y: fospaeminaly acl > sup: et xlal=4(6)+a9 6, fo) asf fo) sa" to Yio) = ax ea" fo) stele) sup Aap a apy een. (yf to -Say toes Ca oe ot) > suptV Sie ley" Risa sten Tine vartnce > Supt Deiat pss ad ee cut byylat] 2 ylok) = atxte-th Relae every ‘a! by 0 = in egies equation. ylo-kh = fet) > Step: Size yak [oH tite vient Chk wheter te folowing semis stil, lnecnotinea,casalnon Step: Apply zero input to the sytem; that means x =0 Be yO =5 ‘Thus system is non-related ntlly. But we wll heck the remaining sep. D Step2: Consider two inpts x () and (and apply itto te system, 2 1@ Ty o=10m 045 04 m0 sy. =10820045 Add these two outputs to get ¥ (0, YO = non YO = 10x, (+54 10mO+5 YW = 1x, (0+ 10% (9 +10 > step3: Cone laps dal toe se [x 04m 0) oly Ot O14 Y'@ = 10x W+10HO+5 D Stop: Since y (0# "(the sytem sno ines. ‘3. Shift arent o sit invarient D Step 1: Delay input by tg units and denote ouput by yo) ylet) = 10x¢-W+5 D step2: Replace by tty throughout he equation, yt) = 10x45 > Step: Sine y (4) = (ta the aster sine Invarient 4. Causal or non causal Given equation is, y@ = 145 Sine use depetds on preset input only, the system ‘scans. 5. Stableor unstable If we apply bounded input x(), then cut wll be sways Bounded. Ths this system is stable. "Thus given system is static nonlinear time Anvarien, causal and stable. vex 188 CES ‘Wecan write the given equations, (reduction Ctassication of Signals and Syston). via) = |RMU-New Syllabus w.ef academic year 21-22) (M6-90) 0. D Stept: If input x [a ] is 2210 then, up y(n] =e0= 1. Thus the system is iniay oa-eake, "Note: ven if system is intily non-elaned, we hang tocomplte the remaining ps > StepI: Here the function of system is 10 take exponential of [2] Now let there are tw inp, x {8 ] and 200] ala T extn] 9 vila ai) T and xg] — yal ‘Add thse ouput gety‘[2) ital, lal ayta} = et" se Al) D StepIIT: Fist add input x; [2] and x3 (0 ] 0d thea ply it to the system. We know that the system roices exponential fiat. (ufalemten) Um tn}engfall—> ¥ tale (uae! yt) ya) step 1V : Compre Equations (1) and (2) Sine [1 ]# [a]; the system is nonnear Ji? SAMPLING OF CONTINUOUS TIME SIGNALS site) ote ® 69, whats samping process? 4 “+ Many signals ae analog in ature. Fo example, see signal, vdeo signal et + weave to proces the signal sing digital wcalques thon sch analog signals canot be etl applied to digital device. These analog signals are fst converted into disete signal + An analog signals snd coresponding discs signa is shown in Fig. 1.9. Th discrete signal i inthe form of ples. (Bl rech-Neo Publications. SACHIN SHAH Venturerr. P90 70..(1o44 and ons (MU Sem6-Eocea) _(rosuon stcaton of Sia aS Vee 1323 OI ‘ind even and odd components of signal x0] =v [ sot. ‘This signal is shown in Fig. . 1.123. ufn-5) Pe mLO) = (Lh Det) = (000.0, 211 teld t Now xfea} = (Uotsttss)= (0, 1eth 10.000) 1 7 ven pais, Rolo) = FU xin] +xE-a) sedosipats sie) = Habla) Redan TH 23 x01 oop ope yyy zeal TL] * [7 fapefefoyo seiol=fixial+xt-an)| °% | 5 | 05 | 05 | 1.05] os [as] os xolol=4x{al-x(-a}} |~5|~05 |-05 ]-05 9 [os ]os [os [os Xela} = (05,05,05,05,1,05,05,05,05) a and rola] = [-05,-05,-05,-05,0,05,05,05,03)Page no.(16 cussion o Spal and Systems). PAGS 12 Signals and Systm (MU - Som 6-Elestica) bet _ — ee 1.192 0 Find x 29 and x + 2) for the signal shown in Fig P1132. sain: W xe2 D> Step: Fint perform time ssling operon. The operate 21 indiate compression of signal by amount 2. The signal i fom ¢= 019 t= 8 ‘After compestic, signal willbe from t= $10 eS nat mean fom(=010$ tis shown ia Fig P. 11320. Step I: Pecform folding operation of Fig. 1.132 ‘Thus the signal x (~ 2 is shown in Fig P. 11320). Fig P.1.1320) Fling (x (t+ 2) > Step: According to precedence’ ale Fit perfor ine iting epectin. Shi tbe ign x (0 towacts left by (Wo postions > ee Me con 0 Bey 125% Wissown sve from Fig P. 11320. tects ‘Sketch the following sent othe given signal shown in fons Red. pats: oxen ei) w-20 Q wee ising of (2 howa in Fig P1133). (Gime advance as sown ia Fg. 1.1326) eo (on New Slabs wet academic yer 2-22 (6-0) Ble neorticon. sic sa vereSioa ana Sem -Euctrea) __(roducton Ctseieaon of Sirus and Sytns)...Pagen..(1-51), x29 A T ere | FETT 3S ep pAe ape Fig P. 11839) Sigal) (@) Keates) Step: Acconting o recedence's le, int perform Fol ‘ime shifting operation. Shi the signal x () ‘omards let (advance) by 5 postions. 1 is shown in Fig. P. 113.30) > Step: Pero time sing opentio, The tem | 33-13] 20 indicates compression by amount 2. Ris t shown ing P. L183 4 Fig F-11354 (@) x02) 1s ime expansion of x (by amount 2 a8 shown ia FeP. 13350, (20) 1 Is mulpcation of amplinde by x () by — 2,8 shown in Fig. 113.30, Tne expansion x0 ey te tates © xan Fie P.L133 0): Sigmt-220) tis time compression of (by amount 2, shown in Reh 1330), Brenneman ASIC Silver WT (041 New Sflabus wa academic yea 21-22)(M6-50)