Wavycurve Method

Natural Numbers counting numbers

1 2 3 4 a

Natural numbers set denoted by IN

IN 1 2 3

athole Numbers zero and Natural numbers

Set denoted by IN
W 0 1 2 3

Integest whole numbers and their negative

numbers are integers
Z to 3 2 1 0 1 2 3 the

number term
Rifle.fm ffz
in

1 2 5
EX 73 0 6
set denoted by Q
Q Plan P 9fZ a 0

Idiot Nembers QQ
A number which is not in Plg form
EE E 553 T e e 2 718
set denoted by Q ITI 3 14
IT
525 5 only
 F al positive

2 Rational
dec Union numbers
and Irrational numbers
set denoted by R
R QUO
2 0 3 R T C
Ex

i iota i Fi i 1

imagenary non real

i Pci 1 I i

14 it is
e C 1 I

F5 5 I
Redember
in's Is
71 5 0 x 530 7 5 0
2 5 x 5 x 5

re 5 2 x 5

open interval

3 5 it contains all the real nos

b w 3 5 excluding them

1 3 closed interval including

It contains all the real nos bw I 3

including them

3
If it contains all the real nos

b w 3 and 7 excluding 3 including 7

x ECI 2 X belongs to 2

7 2
x 2 7
x 5 5 d

For greater than or less than

use open brackets

For or use closed brackets

x 3 0 5 0

3
I
7 35
3 6
5 4

5
2
I 41
2

1
62 2 52 I

3 1 6 52 1 2

a a 3

6 C 3

x 235 and 2 1 8
I 8 1
1 5 2 and
a 7
237 and
I
Null set

x 235 and 2 1 8

Ans 7
 and 2
4
712 3
2
2 176 22 1 28
2 75 2x 8 1

5 2 22 9

2 4.5

12 2 72 5 9
12 4 72 5 72 5 9
TR 14
12 5 72
2
7 4 72

1 a C α 2

27 1
Ans 1 2
41 4
meta

Quadratic
 2
1 52 6 0 1 6
2 3
172 22 32 6 0

x 2 3 x 2 0
7 2 0

2 2
0
6 2 x 3
0
x 3
x 3

a 2 3 a

C 3

Solve 22 52 6 70

3 6
C α 2 V

x 11K 30 10

22 52 62 30 30

4 5 x 6 70

2 5
C α 5 U 6 6
 2 2 3 2 5 40

t t
n 2 5 the

f 8 3 V C 2 5

F 1 x 3 0

1 x 1 2 3 0

3 1 a

C 3 V E D

solve 52 2 2 0

2 x 5 x 2 30

t
2 2

2 0 V 5 x

52 222 2
O L 222 52 2
 222 52 2 0

222 42 12 2 30

29 x 2 1 x 2 70

2 2 2x 1 30

a
12 2 a

v 2 4

x 0
x
ERy
x2 1 30

2 x 1 seti 20

a the

E 1 0 U 1 6

2
solve x1 x 9 30

x 1 1 a 3 2 3 0

a 3 it a

3 1 U 0 I U 3 x
 solve x 471 3 30
0 22 42 3

712 42 3 0

x 1 x 3 o

t
2 3 a

solve 1 22 x 3 30

2x 1 x 3 30

2x 1 x 3 0

a the

33
Solve 4 x 1 2 a 3 x 0

4 x 1 x 2 x 3 0

a 4 2 3 a

4 1 U 2 3
B Eocene
fix

stationary points P a

critical points a b

NIE critical points never be included

in the solution

solve

SP 3 4 C P 45
t
α α

3 V 4 5

solve

1 U 3 4 U 5 6
 0
solve
x
S P O C P 1 2

to 2 a

2 6
C 0 U

20 O
c P

a 8 2

x 0

3
30
1 2 2

0 1,2
MIKE
e P

t
a x

t 2
 to
SP
0
5,3
p Eg
CP
5 8 3 the

5 V Q 3
c

3m 52 9 3 32 22
4m 82 9 0

D B 49C 64 4.4.9 20
i XER x 6

It Dao for ax ba c

i if a 0 t ankbate also the

i if aso ankbats also

322 52 9 32 22
0
422 on a

DO a t

No solution
 22 2 9 30
2 7 0
D 1 36 40

22 9 is always re

i No solution G

x2 321 5470
22 92 62 54 70

2 9 2 6 70

a 9 to

C 6 U 9 6

22 22 1
30
22 42 4

0 SPA
2
CP

R 1,2
All the real nos except a 1 2 2
 so
R 3,53

R 53

412 0

91 2
33
when 3 O 0

2242 4 30

g 27 30
230N
Always true B
12 22 3 D 12 20
4

22 2x 3 20 01
 1 2 30

SP 3 2

G 2
30 CP 4
4 If
3 4
30 be
should
removed
to 4 2 a

C 4 U 2 6 33

5
HER 3 a 1513
o
SP 1,3
2
Cp
1 27
Even factors keep them a side
power

X 3 2 5 70

α the

2 5 V 3 d
C
 WE 3 2 5 0 Sp 1,3 5
100
Cp 2

x 3 2 5 20

a 5 x

5 3 1 2

Sp 1 2 5 CP 4 2

I 2
5 u U 1 2
c 2 6
 symbol SP CP

Exclude Exclude

Exclude

include

include in

7 2 4 7 go

175 SP 2 45
CP 3 1
1 4
9
0

a 4 I 2 to

4 4 U 2 2
3,59
 x 2 4 7 go

61 05
1 4
9
0

a 4 I 2 to

4 U 2 2 3
4

sole

x 1 2 1 2 2
0
2 ate

Sp X 1
12 CP 2 2 I

E att Cat C 0
2 a

a 9 I
E 2 13
 7 I 0
2 2 2 3 3
CP 2 3

7 9 01 2 1 x 2 2 3
2.0
x 2 x 3

7 92 18 22 52 6
0
31 2 N 3

2
42 5 0
x 2 x 3
5
21 5 a 1 sp
g
x 2 x 3

a 5 I 3 the

5 1 V 2 3
1
solve
I 4
so
2
1 32 4
1
0
5249C
4 Nti
9 16 0

2 4 1 the
C α 4 U t x
 6
Solve 2x 1 3 a 3x 2

8 4 16
52 3 7 2 x 3

SP CP 315
77,3
12 31743 25 0
6
15 1 54
Ans 43
6
Solve 2x 1 3 a 3x 2

8 4 x 16
52 3 7 2 3

Ans
6
Solve 2x 1 3 a 3x 2

8 4 x 16
52 3 7 2 3

Ans R 315 47 3
 22 1 3 22 32 2,4
solve
5
52 3 7 2
6
a 3,7
SP 05 105 0 66 CP 0.6 0.28 3

251 3 22 322

52 3
5cg 5,730
3 22
0
52 3 2 3

EEE
co

α T is_ a

C 0.6 U 1.5 3 U

1222712 2

9422 0

Let f 2x A 2n 2 b
 a b 9 0

b a o
13
sp

b 0 c o Cp 0,2

bca I.co
ca

1
20 3 6 2 3
0
22 221

1 x 3 9 1
0
x 2

α to_ the

c 1 U 0 I U 2,33

always true 2 2
 MODULUS
141 4 1 21 2
101 0
2
1 41 4 121

1 1121 1 10 10

1 1 x it 270

se it 7 0

Ex 151 5 F a

1 31 3 3

1 21 2

It 1 1 a saert
a

It 121 2 x 12

X 3 5
It x 3.5

It 1 1 6 71 1 16

71 116
7 or a 5

7 53
 It 12 3 I then se is

22C 3 1

22 3 2 1 or 281 3 RTI
22 2 1 3 2K 1 3
4 32 2

74

1 1 3
2 then a is

1 11 3
2
is not possible
3 or

It 1 11 12 11 find a

1 28 1

2 1 22 1 or 7 1 28 1

2 32 0

0,23 2 0

It I a then x is

a s a
x
Rt 3K
2 1 32
I
1 22 2
1 42
2
114
Ie it 1 1 a caert
then a a a

Ex It 121 5

then 5 a 5

Nf 5 5

solve 2 3 5

5 22 3 5

5 3
5 3 2253
22 8
2 1 4
x 4

solve 5 3 17

17 52 3 17
52 20
14
4
a 4

solve
15
 and

it

ˢ
III so

21 30

o
30

I Ii α

1 α 1 U 1 a I
t x

Ans C b

No integral values which satisfy

the inequality 1 1 21 3

1 a 21 and 12 21 3
3 x 2 3
C α 13 U 3 2 1 a 5
 E 5

fettere t

I U 3 5 Ans

TYPE II If 12 a aert
7H then a a or a a

ex if a 5

then 5 or a 5

5 U 5 d

12 2131
2 2 1
7 2 1 or

or a 1
2 33

3 α U 2 1

12 11 9
22 179 or 22 1 9

22 10 or 22 8
2 75 a 4
α 4 U 5 x
C
 solve 1 1 5 2

12 11 5 2
1 11 532 or

12 11 37 or 1 11 3

x 137 or a 1 7 3 Ex 1 3

2 38 or a 6 2 a 4
2 4
6 U 8 2 U
C
6 U 2 4 U 8

12 5 solution set is

A f 2 6 U 21 α

B 2 9 U 20 4

d D none
5 f α 9 v 21

2 35 or 2 2 5

2 570 or 2 5 73
21 LM
3 7
13
9 m or M 721
 111 3
1
c 0 d D none
A
f R

it is always true

2
1
3
1125
No solution

111k 3
No solution

I 3 32
a 2
x 32 or 32
112 3 n c 0
21 30 or

or a so
30

or
2 9 8 a 2 It I
E 0 U 3 6 or x 3 U 0,1

Ans x 3 U 1 0 CO I U 3 α
 25

5 40

if
so

5 0

2 8 45 4

15 a
1 0 U

Greatest integer function GIF

step Function

5.2 5
7.1 7
5.5 5 8
8.7
5 9 5
9199 9
5 99 5
0.4 0
1.3 2
0 7 1
3.9 4
I L 3 3 97 9
 3 3 100 100

α 4 3.612 2

3.63 4
E I B F

1.414 2
E

Fraction Part Function

a x a

2 0
1.3 0.3

1 9 0.9 53 0

0.8
2.1 0.1 7.83

2 3 2 0 8

71 3.2
a 3 2 4 X a n

a 3 2 0.8
 5.3
100063
a a
0 4
5.3 5 3 n

5.3 6 a 75.7
5.3 6 n 0.3

0.7 n 0 8

012
a 21

DETERMINANT A 435
Matrix
1A Deta
4 51
ad be 5 314
5 12 7

B Find IBI

IB 311 718 3 56 53

C 014 311 3
 764 211 26
D
4
Now 3 3 Matrix

13
1
a
5 b1 4
alei bt di 9 c dh 9

A
E
I's 21 1 31
1163 24 2 0 12 3 0 28

39 24 84 21

3
14 1

4 79 4 8
637 124 0 847 124 0

87 108 21
 B Find BI

5
21141 3
1 1
2 7 8 3 35 36 01

2 3 0 5

LOGARITHMS
Exponent Logarithm
er
24
109216 4
base 32 2
9 10939

54 625
625 log 4
5
103
1000 109,6000 3

30 1 10931 0

103 0.001 1090.001

10
3
 442 2 10942

It N a 1 aso ER

then x is said to be

logarithm N to the base a

ie 109N a

logarithms are defined only for the nos

base of a logarithm must be the I

Logarithms are irrational numbers

Except few which we can simplify

is 55 log 5
logi 109,80 1
in rati in
in in rational

Ires of Logarithms
1 Common Logarithms Brigg's
Any logarithm with base 10 are

common logarithms
Ex 109,0
5 109,8 109,0100

log 8 109,08
2 Natural Logarithms Naperian's
Any Logarithms with base e are

called Natural Logarithms e 2

Ex
109,5 log etc_
In 7 1097

FORMULAE
m
1 log log logb.mn

109A 109 B logs 109 ABC

Let 109pm p I m

1095 q I n

bP
I mn

P 9
b mn

mn
p 9 log b

2 10g A log B 109

 30
log 2 10923 is

10
109 log
2 2

109 2 is
1093 logs
3 5
log 2
109,030

109,1 0 b 1

log is not defined

log b 1 Ex 1
10955

log m
logba
RHS M logba
a
109g log log times

a a Cmtimes
log b a
am
109
b
 Ex 34 4 10953
log

10941024 log 45 5 10944

5 1

is
log 4 1095 logs
573 D 4
A I B 2

4 5 5
log 109,0100 2

log 7 8 2 109 7 5 10925

then x is
A I B 2 C 3 D 4

8 5
109,092 109,0100 109,1 109,025

7
log 109 25

7 4
1
72 8 42 20

32 12 4
 It 109k 21093 210g x y logy
then is

A 7 B 9 c 11 D 13

loga 1099 log y logy

2
log 9k log

92 1 92
924 22 92 229

11 my 22 92

11

2 109 6561 x is
109,2K 2
log 243

2 38
109

109 35 1093

32 x 25 a
 It a N x
logan
KER 9 0 and a 1 V70
IF log ABC
loga logB log
A B
loga log B log
2 1 1
log
109 I 0

n
log.ba logba
loga
logba
Tb

109,2

iogie 109
1,9 x x a

EX 10937 7
3

109 In logba
 I
is
1092 1092 1092161
A I B c D

109216 4 10924 2 I 10922 1

It 27 139 then x is
logg
A I B 2 C 3 D 4

27 23
8 139 8

2 27 139

2048 139 27 2187 37

log 2 0.25 is
5
0.16 A I B 4 C 8 D 16

0 16 5 252
log log 5
0.25
25
0.25
2
0.252
42 16
 10923 10934 10945 109,400 is
2

a FI
10 1

2
2 209210 100

D x
a
109,5
C
b C 109 y

CZ a 109,9 Z

XYZ logab 1095 1099

LHS 109
109b 9
 b log b
109 C
loga
log Ctb log C b

loga log C 5

log Ctb 109 b

loga 10g a

log Ctb 109 b

2 109 8 109

22
i

Ans I
É
109,1 109,2 109 109,4 loggmann

If base I continue the same symbol

it base change the symbol
 109,0
22 16
log
4 11

22 16 4 11

22 42 5 0

x 5 att 0

t
a 9 is
E 53
22 16 0 429 1170

4 x 4 70 274 4
C 4 V64 6 14 2

Ans 4 55

D I

a 4 5 a
 It
Its then b is

A ac B ac c a c D a c

k
Let II
k e
loga m

k
log b m n

log k l n

loga logb log

km kl km ten kl kn

loga loge 0 log b

log ac logb

ac b

a c
5

10992 M 109 a
 PROGRESSIONS

Arithmetic Progression A P

The diff b w any two consecutive

terms is constant is called
A P
I 4 7 10 13

2 6 10 14

100 95 90 85

a atd 3d
atzd.at
a first term d common diff

d t2 t t3 tz th th 1

nth term a in 1 d

3 8 13 18 CA D

find Tzo 4 8 3 5
 Tn a n i d

3 20 1 5
720
3 1965
3 95 98

If a b C are in A P

2b a C

It log
2
1093 2 5 109 2 are
in then x is
Ap
2,3 3 4 2

2109 3 2 5
10932 109,2
212 72
log
5 log

29
55 212 72

42 25 109 29 7

0
y 129 32
Y 8 9 4 0
 2 8 2 4

200
2 3 2

last term
sum of n terms

d att
Sn 2a n 1 or
f
Let a.az 93_ ant are in AP

P
main
then 9 is

41 11 11 121 1681 121

41 1861

29 P 1 d
Sp
29 9 1 d

29 P 1 d
1
2
291 E 1 d

let Pell and 9 41 Ans IF

 a 5d
a sod

Sum first four terms is 40

and that of first 14 terms is

280 find first term AP

a atd atzd.at 3d

54 29 3d 40

29 3d 20

134
514 12 29 280

29 3d 40

lod 20 d 2

sub 4 2 in 29 6 20

29 14 9 7

Let a.az ant are in AP

then t is
antant
i

94T

a a.tn Ii
 I 92 a 93 92 ay dg

t
antant
i

94T

Iau Ian
a
at t

at
97 1 a

a Anti

atom
It b a c b a c are

in A P then a can be

A 0 B I s 1 D any real
2b ate
 2 C b b a a c

2C 2b b c

3C 3D b c

i a can be any real

If X 22 23_ i 91 92
i

93
are two A P's such that 71 24
9 26 225 925 50 then
X Y 22 92 250 950 is

A 24 50 B 26 50 c 2500 D 2600

50
225 925
2 244 Y 2402 50

d dz O

K Y 22 92 750 950
N t Nzt Ngo Y 92 450

5 50
2K 4941 2
29 4902

25 271 29 49 ditch

25 2 50 4960 2500
 GEOMETRIC PROGRESSION

2 6 18 54

5 10 20 40 80

1 3 9 27 81

a ar ar ar art apt
a first term r common ratio

r EI

th a in 1 d th a f

It a b c are in G P
ac

Sn all r oct 1
i r
 2 4 8 16 in G P

find T20 a 8

a 819 2
29
42 2

3 9

It X Y Z are in GP and

I then
A C
109 a
log a B 109
loga
a b D
c
log log none

I K

K x
K 109
K
y X Z 109 y

k
1095 109 logak logck log 3

5
1
5
1
 g a 9b
109C
logb
b
10959 log Ans C

2014M
Three positive numbers form an increasing
GP If the middle term in this GP is
doubled then new numbers are in A P
then 8 if G P is

RTB 3 52 2 53 2 53

a ar ar G p
a 208 ar in A'P

at ar
21208
a or
e war
48 1 82
82 46 1 0

4
2B_
4
1

2 B
8 2 8 For increasing
 201619
If the 2ⁿᵈ 5th 9th terms of an AP
d 0 are in G P then r is
8 5 4 3 1 74

2ⁿᵈ 5ᵗʰ 9ᵗʰ terms of AP

atd and atsd in GP
9 49 a d a 8d

1604 ad 842

8d ad
8d

r
a
I
Infinite GP
a ar ar ar art
So tar 1

Ex 2 1 he
12 14 18

2 72 2 2
44
 0272
2
For 0 05 0
if x

Sindo
y and Z
0058 sink
then Xyz is
KZ Y Z 92 2 2 9 Z

X 05 I 90

Cosio cost o cost N

X I COST costo 2

COSTS

a
50 site coseck

y S.to sect

2 w̅ so

t.is eiotseE
coseco.sec coseEoseto
I
 z

Z ay 1 my

XYZ Z my

Nyz Z
If

aty
E sina.IE
si 50
Nty a y

HARMONIC HP
PROGRESSION

It are in AP

ti tz t3 in HP

Ex 2 7 12 17 in AP

in HP
 atd atd
H P

In a nd

AM Arithmetic Mean Avg

9
AM two no's
21
GM Geometric mean

GM two no's Tab

HM Harmonic Mean

HM two no's
7 b

AM GM HH tve

atz Tab

attff Tabe lie

 The minimum value of x is

where a ERT

AM GM
xt
En
AGP a 2T
ARITHMETICO GEOMETRIC PROGRESSION
9 Atd and at 3d AP
3 5 7 9

bo bo GP
b.br
2 10 50 250

ab d br a 2d br AGP
6 50 350

Tn catch 1 d D8
i
dbr i i latin
Sh
bf su

9 144
 The sum of 50 terms of the series

1 2 1 0
3 1 10
2500 2550 2450 none

1 2 3 AP

1 1 50 5 GP
AP GP
1
9 1 d b 1 8 1 50

to
50
I
9 If
to ffL
f

9
51 50 1
T2 Fo

E
9b
5
50
5050 1
 T2 51 50 15175L
50148

Iff

50 51 50

50 50 2500
mains 14

It 109 2 11.108 3 11 not 10.1 k 109

then K is
121 10 441 100 100 110

I offer
ᵈ
so It
I 2 3 1 10 K

ue
9 1 b 1
10
n
D r lly
so

10 110

11 10 1

110
s
 1 2 3 4 n In
sum of first in natural nos

nest
12 22 34 m m

Sum squares first n natural nis

of
n Ntl anti

13 23 33 m m

first in natural no's

sum cubes

n t
2013

The sum of series

2
1 2 2 472 366 upto 10 terms
11300 11200 12100 12300

22 I 2 22 3.32 10 18

4 13 23 33 18
102 112 100 121 12100
 Let an 92 as 949 be in A P

such that a 416 and

2
99 943 66 it 9 a 9,7 140 m

then m is
66 68 34 33

94kt 416
0
416
a 95 Aq 913 945 949
a ated atsd a lad 9 48
13A 312 d 416
a 240 32

Aq 943 66
Atsd 9 420 66
a 250 33

d a 8

82 94 104 242

7.8 5 5
24.25641 40m
4 25 49 7.4.5 140m

4 7.5 35 1 140 M

4.1.51 34 148m
m 34

It
I
a

is x
then 5
4 8914 90 174
14 45 90
96

I
a

6
t.tt a

It
No charge a

4
96
 If there are 4 GM's b w

3 and 96 then find Tz

a ar5
3 96 in GP

6
a 3 085 96

If
32 85 32 8 2

Tz 082 3
22 12

2019
mains
It a b c are in G P and
atbtc ab then se can not be
A 4 B 2 C 2 D 3

a b c in GP when

in GP
b.br f 32

by b br ab

1 8
f when 8 0

x It 8 48
33 or a 1
r
f
 SET THEORY
Set Well defined collection of objects
objects are also called as elements
Generally we denote the sets with
capital letters
the symbol we use for sets is

A 555.45
a e i o u

E a b c d 3

elements must be separated with commas

objects elements should not repeat in the set

A set in general represented in two

forms
in Roster form in set builder form
Roster term A set is described by
actually listing out the elements

Ex A 2
4
6 8 10

B a e i 0 a

Set builder form A set is described by

characterising property
 A x se is even prime

A 2

B a x 6 KEN

B 1 2 3
45 69

c a x is a perfect square
below 50 KEN
4 16 25
9 36 49

Types of sets set

void
1 Null set Empty set fi
A set contains no element in it

denoted by

Ex a x is even prime greater than 2

0
0
Yr
 2 Finite set
A set contains finite number
elements in it
Ex A 1 2
3 1003

3 INFINITE SET A set containing infinite

no elements in it
a ENY
N 1,33 y
Z α 3 2 1 0 1 2

cardinality of a finite set

The not distinct elements present in

a set is called cardinal number 8 a set

Ex A a e i 0 4

n A 5

B 1 2 3 1003
Ex
B 100
n d 0
 Singleton set
A set containing a single element
in it is called singleton set
Ex A 2
n A 1

B x x is neither prime nor composite number

B 1

Equal sets Two sets are equal if

they have same elements in it
E A a b c B a c b

A B

Equivalent sets If the cardinal number

of two sets is same
A 1 2 3
4,53 B 9 e i 0,03

subsets and Supersets

Let and B A be two sets
If every element A is an element
of B then A is subset to B

denoted by A CB
B 2
Ex A 2 4 6 3,45
A QB 6 B
 Ex A 2
463 B 2.3.45 6,7
A CBT

If A is subset to B then
B is superset to A
It ACB B J A
subperset
subset symbo symbol

Ex A 1 2 3 B 2 3 1

BOAT ACBV BCAV A B

AS BV A EBV BEAU

Ex A 2 3 5 7 11 13

B 1 2 3 5 6 7 8 10 20 100
4
A A ABV
ACBY B
BY DA D A By
Note
i Every set is subset to itself
in Empty set is subset to every set
A
Iii No 8 subsets set A is

A
Ex 1,2 3
2H 23 8
0 1 23 33 1,23 1,3 2,33 1
2,33
No subsets A is

B a e i 0 u
Ex

NO 8 subsets 25 32

It A K 9 22 92 4 x Y EN

then no t subsets A is

Al O B I 5 2 D 4

A 2

It A K 9 22 9 4 a YEW

then no t subsets A is

Al O B I 5 2 D 4
2
A 0 2 0

No subsets I 4

It A K 9 22 9 4 a Y E Z

then no t subsets A is

Al 4 B 8 5 16 7 32
A 6 2 2
C 2,07
24 16
Power set set 8 all the subsets
Ex A 1
23
subsets 13 23 23
PCA 3 13 23 123
where PCA power set A

Ex If A 2 3,3 No subsets PCA is

PCA 0 27 33 2,33

No subsets of PCA 24 16

23 8
Ex B 3 6 9

then n PCB 8

28 256
No 8 subsets

universal set the set that contains

all the elements in a given context
is called the universal set

A 1 2 3 B 2 4
6,83
µ or V0 1 2 3 4 6 8 104
UNNION OF SETS
If A B are two sets
then Union A B denoted by AUB
defined by AUB x KEA or EB

Ex A 1 2 3 B 2 6 8
4
AUB 1 2 3 4 6,8

i if ACB AUB B

ii A U d A
Iii A U µ M

iv AUB BUA

B 1 2 3
Ex A 1,2

AUB 1,2 3

Intersection of sets n
If A B be two sets then intersection
of A and B is denoted by ADB
defined by set of common elements

Ex A 1
2,33 B 2
46 83
AMB 2
 A CB AMB A
It

And
Hit AN A

If MCA 5 n B 7 then
it minimum of n AUB is

A
1.23.45 Ans 7
B 1.2 3 4 5 6,7

AUB 1,2 3
4,5 6,77

ii man f n AUB is

5 7 12
Ans
iii minimum of n AMB is

A a e i 0 4 Ans O

6 7
B 2 3 45

in man of n AMB is
Ans 5
 Difference of sets i

If A B be two sets difference

two sets is denoted by A B

defined by A B x NEA and n B

A 1 2 3 4,5 6

B 2
4 6 8

A B 1 3 5

1 3 5

A B elements from A only

B A 4 6,83 83
A B B A
In general
complement of a set

complement of a set A is denoted

by A or A defined by M A or

if A µ_A U A

Ex J 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 103
A 1 2 3
6,8
D
4,5 6
73
 A µ A
X 4 31,4 5 7 9 103 1 2 3
6,8
4 5 7 9 103

i A A 2,3 453
A 1 2

in CAMBI A U B A µ A 3 4 5
Iii AUB A n B CA't µ A 1 2 A

symmetrical difference
The symmetrical difference two
sets A and B is denoted by
ADB
defined by ADB AUB AMB
OR

A SB A B U CB A

Ex A 1
2,3 4 53
B 2 6 8 103 Find ADB
4

A B 1 3 5

B A 6 8 103
A Δ B A B U B A 3
5.6 8,103
 VENN
e
DIAGRAMS
ARB
B A B

Afa
A AMB

A B

AUB only A A B

II

E
only B B A A or A
µ

13
F E
EEE
E
µ AUB AUB A B UB A ADB
 n AUB MCA MCB D AMB

M AMB MCA NCB MCANB

n AUBUC MCA n B MCC n AMB

MCBMC M Ans MCAMBA

A 5
Ex 1
2,3 45 n A

2 4
B 6 n B 3

AUB 1
2,3 4 5,6 MCAUB 6

AMB 2 4 MIAMI 2

n AUB MCA MCB D AMB

5 3 2
6

In a class 10 students like tea

15 students like coffee and
4 students like both tea coffee
then of students
no who like either tea
or coffee
n C 15 n Tnc 4
NCT 10
nctuc 21
TEA coffee

6 4 11