Postgraduate Certificate in Building Engineering (September 2012 Intake)

Course Code: SE 35-115-00(21)

Module: Temporary Works Design [BE66036] / Module Code: SE 35-115-01 (21)
Assignment No. 1
Group 3

CONTENT
Page
Chapter 1 INTRODUCTION
1.1 Formwork Design 3
1.2 Concrete Design 3
1.3 Height of Discharge 3
1.4 Temperature 4
1.5 Rates of Placing 4
1.6 Consistence of Concrete (Workability) 5
1.7 Objective 5

Chapter 2 DESIGN CALCULATIONS

2.1 Design Data and Assumptions 6
2.2 List of Design Codes and Regulations 7
2.3 Design on Concrete Pressure (Ref. CIRIA Report 108) 7
2.4 Plywood Form Face Design 9
2.5 Design on Concrete Pressure (Ref. CIRIA Report 108) 11
2.6 Walings Design 13
2.7 Wall Ties Design 15
2.8 Stability Check on Wall Form 15

Chapter 3 LAYOUT AND SECTIONS OF DESIGNED WALL FORM 18

Chapter 4 METHOD STATEMENT FOR CONSTRUCTION

OF SHAFT WALL 20

Chapter 5 DISCUSSIONS 22

Chapter 6 CONCLUSIONS 23

Page 1 of 43
Postgraduate Certificate in Building Engineering (September 2012 Intake)
Course Code: SE 35-115-00(21)
Module: Temporary Works Design [BE66036] / Module Code: SE 35-115-01 (21)
Assignment No. 1
Group 3

REFERENCES 23

APPENDIX 24

LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 1 Elevation and Section of Designed Wall Form 18
Figure 2 Layout of Designed Wall Form 19

Page 2 of 43
Postgraduate Certificate in Building Engineering (September 2012 Intake)
Course Code: SE 35-115-00(21)
Module: Temporary Works Design [BE66036] / Module Code: SE 35-115-01 (21)
Assignment No. 1
Group 3

CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION

1.1 Formwork Design

Hurst, M. P. (1983) stated that there are many factors to be taken into consideration
when design formwork, and on of them is the pressure to which the formwork will be
subjected, not only at the time of concreting but also during erection and dismantling or
striking. Pressure on formwork is again something involving a great many variables, and
there have been attempts over the years at providing some rules to govern the
calculation of this pressure [1].

In the following sub-sections, the factors, which influence the pressure on formwork, are
described.

1.2 Concrete Density

Hurst, M. P. (1983) stated that the design of concrete are determined by the proportions
of the materials, which are used, and the water content. For normal concrete, the
density can be calculated from the quantity of cement, admixtures, aggregates and
water, which will vary from 21 kN/m3 to 24 kN/m3 [1].

1.3 Height of Discharge

Hurst, M. P. (1983) considered that concrete is poured in a variety of ways and from
varying heights which has a small influence on the pressure imposed on the formwork in
walls and a somewhat larger influence on the formwork to floor slabs and other

Page 3 of 43
Postgraduate Certificate in Building Engineering (September 2012 Intake)
Course Code: SE 35-115-00(21)
Module: Temporary Works Design [BE66036] / Module Code: SE 35-115-01 (21)
Assignment No. 1
Group 3
horizontal formwork. A crane skip discharging above the wall formwork should be
avoided. Whereas the use of a filling chute or filling pipes will avoid this extra pressure
and produce better concrete. In the same way a crane skip discharging at a height
above floor formwork can not only damage the formwork but could dislodge a part of the
supporting construction which would remain unseen and possibly cause an accident [1].

1.4 Temperature

Hurst, M. P. (1983) considered that there are various temperatures important for the
pressure on formwork beginning with the temperature of the fresh concrete itself, which
should not exceed +30°C as this will accelerate the stiffening process. In extreme
circumstances it may be necessary to cool the ingredients to the correct temperature
before mixing. On the other hand, it is possible that the temperature of the concrete in
winter will have to be raised, and this is most easily done by raising the temperature of
water used [1].

1.5 Rates of Placing

Hurst, M. P. (1983) concluded that the speed at which concrete is placed in vertical
formwork has probably the largest influence on the pressure imposed on the formwork.
This is because the thinner wall can be concreted quicker than the thicker wall and the
filling speed is therefore much faster [1].

Page 4 of 43
Postgraduate Certificate in Building Engineering (September 2012 Intake)
Course Code: SE 35-115-00(21)
Module: Temporary Works Design [BE66036] / Module Code: SE 35-115-01 (21)
Assignment No. 1
Group 3

1.6 Consistence of Concrete (Workability)

Hurst, M. P. (1983) considered that speed of concreting influences the pressure,

consistence of concrete also plays a large part in the calculation. The more fluid the
concrete mix, the greater the pressure on the formwork [1].

1.7 Objective

The objective of this report is focused on the temporary work scheme, design and
calculation for a 250mm shaft wall construction, which is adjoining to the existing
constructed concrete wall. The design includes the assumptions adopted for designing
the formwork. A feasible and structure safe scheme of the temporary works for the shaft
wall is suggested and the stability of the proposed formwork during the construction
stage is to be assessed. The imposed loadings associated the formwork are also
assessed.

CHAPTER 2 DESIGN CALCULATIONS

The followings are general information of the proposed wall: -

i) The wall dimension is 8.4m width x 5.5m height
ii) Density of concrete : 2500kg/m3
iii) Wall thickness : 250mm
iv) Rate of placing : 2.5m/hour
v) Slump of concrete : 50mm
vi) Concrete Temperature: 25oC

Page 5 of 43
Postgraduate Certificate in Building Engineering (September 2012 Intake)
Course Code: SE 35-115-00(21)
Module: Temporary Works Design [BE66036] / Module Code: SE 35-115-01 (21)
Assignment No. 1
Group 3

2.1 Design Data and Assumptions

a) Assumptions:
The adjoining wall is constructed by grade 40/20 reinforced concrete within
site area, so that assumed structural stability is good enough to insert the
anchor wall ties and formed as side formwork. The design calculation will
be checked separately.
50mm thick joint filler provided to isolate the constructed wall and the
proposed new concrete wall.
The wall will be constructed in one pour of concrete.
Normal internal vibration is assumed.
Although the concrete pressure reaches maximum at height of 2.9m
towards bottom, for simplicity, the walings spacing will be uniform from top
to bottom.

b) The following concrete, plywood & timber are used:

The concrete will be OPC with admixtures but no retarder.
Canadian 19mm Douglas Fir 7 ply sanded plywood.
Canadian Douglas Fir larch GS timber graded to BS4978 (i.e. SC3 timber
to BS5268).

c) Design of the wall form arranged as follows:

1200mm x 2400mm x 19mm thk. plywood as form sheathing bid with grain
horizontally across soldier supports.
75x100mm SC3 vertical soldiers @ 400 c/c.
75x150mm twin SC3 waling @ 200 c/c.
12mmØ mild steel wall ties @ 400 c/c.

Page 6 of 43
Postgraduate Certificate in Building Engineering (September 2012 Intake)
Course Code: SE 35-115-00(21)
Module: Temporary Works Design [BE66036] / Module Code: SE 35-115-01 (21)
Assignment No. 1
Group 3

d) Design Loading:
Concrete Lateral pressure based on CIRIA Report 108.
Design wind pressure = 0.28 kN/m2 (Working wind based on section 5.1.5
of formwork – A Guide to Good Practice – By Joint Committee of the
Concrete Society & the Institution of Structural Engineers).

2.2 List of Design Codes and Regulations

a) Falsework: B.S. 5975:1996 - Code of Practice for Falsework.

b) B.S. 5950: 1990 Structural Use of Steel Work in Building.
c) Formwork – a Guide to Good Practice.
d) B.S. 5268: Part 2:1991 - The Structural Use of Timber.
e) Code of Practice on Wind Effects in HK 2004.
f) CIRIA Report 108 "Concrete Pressure on Formwork".
g) Hilti HIT-RE500 Injection Adhesive.

2.3 Design on Concrete Pressure (Ref. CIRIA Report 108)

T = 25oC (Design Data)

C1 = 1.0 (For wall, Appendix A)
C2 = 0.3 (OPC, with admixture)
D = 25 KN/m3 (Concrete density, Design Data)
R = 2.5 m/hr (Design Data)
H = 5.5 m (Design Data)
C1 (R)1/2 = 1.58 < H = 5.5 Check OK (refer to Appendix A)

Page 7 of 43
Postgraduate Certificate in Building Engineering (September 2012 Intake)
Course Code: SE 35-115-00(21)
Module: Temporary Works Design [BE66036] / Module Code: SE 35-115-01 (21)
Assignment No. 1
Group 3

The temperature coefficient:

K = [36 / (T+16)] 2 (refer to Appendix A)
= [36 / (25+16)] 2
= 0.77

Maximum concrete pressure on formwork:

Pmax = D {[C1 R1/2 + C2 K [H - C1 R1/2] 1/2] (refer to Appendix A)
= 25 x [1.0 x 2.5 1/2 + 0.3 x 0.77 (5.5 - 1.0 x 2.5 1/2)]
= 62.16 kN/m2 < DH = 137.5 kN/m2

Therefore, design concrete pressure is 62.16 kN/m2

Pmax / D = 2.49 m

Page 8 of 43
Postgraduate Certificate in Building Engineering (September 2012 Intake)
Course Code: SE 35-115-00(21)
Module: Temporary Works Design [BE66036] / Module Code: SE 35-115-01 (21)
Assignment No. 1
Group 3

2.4 Plywood Form Face Design

Material: 19mm thk plywood (COFI 7 ply GIS plywood)

75mm x 100mm SC3 timber soldier @ 200mm c/c

From Appendix G, Table G-W, structural properties for wall formworks:

L = 200 mm < 610 mm over 3 equal spans
t = 19.0 mm, B=75 > 2t (2x19mm=38mm), therefore member with load sharing

fZ (moment of resistance) = 0.489 kNm/m

EI (Bending stiffness) = 3.26 kNm2/m
qA (Shear load)= 6.79 kN/m

And using the Load Case 58 (Appendix B of Formwork – a guide to good practice)

Load on one span per metre

W = Pmax x L
= 62.16 x 0.20
= 12.43 kN/m (UDL)

Mmax = -0.095 W Lx = -0.095 x 12.43 x Lx2

0.489 = 1.18 Lx
Lx = 0.414 m
The span of plywood which the plywood would experience maximum moment, equals
0.414m.

Page 9 of 43
Postgraduate Certificate in Building Engineering (September 2012 Intake)
Course Code: SE 35-115-00(21)
Module: Temporary Works Design [BE66036] / Module Code: SE 35-115-01 (21)
Assignment No. 1
Group 3

Moment in plywood
= 0.095 W L
= 0.095 x 12.43 x 0.20
= 0.236 kNm/m < 0.489 kNm/m Check OK

Shear force
= 0.525 x W (L - B - t) / L
= 0.525 x 12.43 x (0.2-0.075–0.19) / 0.2 (refer to Appendix C)
= 2.12 kN/m < 6.79 kN/m Check OK

Check Deflection
δ1 = (0.0066 W L3) / EI
= (0.0066 x 12.43 x 0.23) / 3.26
= 0.20 mm < L / 270 = 200 / 270 = 0.74mm Check OK

Page 10 of 43
Postgraduate Certificate in Building Engineering (September 2012 Intake)
Course Code: SE 35-115-00(21)
Module: Temporary Works Design [BE66036] / Module Code: SE 35-115-01 (21)
Assignment No. 1
Group 3

2.5 Soldiers Design

Assume 75 x 100 timbers of strength Class SC3 will be used.

Assume also wall formwork with load sharing as four or more soldiers contacted with the
plywood

According to the Section 3.2.1.3 Table 7, Permissible Structural values as followed:

Allowable moment of resistance = 0.945 kNm

Allowable bending stiffness = 41.66 kNm2
Allowable shear load = 7.23 kN
Allowable bearing stress = 3100 kN/m2
Applied loading on one soldier,
= 62.16 x 0.2 = 12.43 kN/m
distributed load on waling (UDL)

Using each waling of at least 4.2m long, we have 0.2 m spacing of soldiers with walings
spanning between.
Ls (soldiers spacing) = 200 mm < 610 mm
w (max. load on one span of plywood) = 12.43 kN/m
W = w x Ls = 12.43 x 0.2 = 2.486 kN
B = 0.075 > 2 x t (2 x 0.19) = 0.038

Consider one panel with walings for the loading case 58 from Appendix B – Part 2, we
have maximum waling Bending moment at support ‘B’
MB = MD = -0.095 W L = -0.095 x 2.486 x 0.2
= ABD( -0.0472) kNm < 0.945 kNm
(allowable moment of resistance) Check OK

Page 11 of 43
Postgraduate Certificate in Building Engineering (September 2012 Intake)
Course Code: SE 35-115-00(21)
Module: Temporary Works Design [BE66036] / Module Code: SE 35-115-01 (21)
Assignment No. 1
Group 3

Max. Shear Force

Maximum shear value occurs at SBA = SBC
= 0.525 (L - B - t) W / L
= 0.525 (0.2 - 0.075 – 0.019) x 2.486 / 0.2
= 0.69 kN < 7.23 kN (allowable shear load) Check OK

Reaction at Supports (for the soldiers)

RA = 0.5 W = 0.5 x 2.486 = 1.243 kN
RB = 1.0 W = 1.0 x 2.486 = 2.486 kN

Total design reactions = (2 x RA) + (20 x RB) = 52.21 kN

Max. applied load = Lx x 12.43 x 4.2 = 0.42 x 12.43 x 4.2
= 21.93 kN < 51.49 kN Check OK

Check deflection
With reference to case 58, maximum deflection occurs in span AB
δ2 = (0.0068 W L3) / EI
= (0.0068 x 12.43 x 0.23) / 139.14
= 0.005 mm < L / 270 = 200 / 270 = 0.74 mm Check OK

Page 12 of 43
Postgraduate Certificate in Building Engineering (September 2012 Intake)
Course Code: SE 35-115-00(21)
Module: Temporary Works Design [BE66036] / Module Code: SE 35-115-01 (21)
Assignment No. 1
Group 3

2.6 Walings Design

Material: 2nos. of 75mm x 125mm SC3 Timber (twin) spans 400 mm overall ties
L = 400 mm (no load sharing)
Area, A = 2 x 10440 = 20880 mm2
Moment of Inertia, I = 2 x 18.3 x 106 mm4
Section Modulus, Z = 2 x 252 x 103 mm2
Emin = 5800 N/mm2
K1 = 1.08 K7 = 1.1
K2 = 0.8 K8 = 1.1
K3 = 1.25
K4 = 1.14
Bending parallel to grain, f = 5.3 N/mm2
Shear parallel to grain, q = 0.67 N/mm2
Compression perpendicular to grain, δ = 2.2 N/mm2

Allowable Bending stiffness

EI = K1K2Emin I
= 1.08 x 0.8 x 5800 x 36.6 x 106
= 1.83 x 1011 Nmm2 = 183.4 kNm2

Allowable Moment of resistance (MoR)

= K1K2K3K7K8 fZ
= 1.08 x 0.8 x 1.25 x 1.1 x 1.1 x 5.3 x 504 x 103
= 3.49 kNm/m

Shear = K1K2K3K8qA/1.5
= (1.08 x 0.8 x 1.25 x 1.1 x 0.67 x 20880) / 1.5
= 11.08 kN/m

Page 13 of 43
Postgraduate Certificate in Building Engineering (September 2012 Intake)
Course Code: SE 35-115-00(21)
Module: Temporary Works Design [BE66036] / Module Code: SE 35-115-01 (21)
Assignment No. 1
Group 3

Bearing Stress = K1K2K3K4K8 x 1.2 x compression prep to grain (δ)

= 1.04 x 0.6 x 1.4 x 1.14 x 1.1 x 1.2 x 2.2
= 2.892 N/mm2
= 2892 kN/m2

Reaction = max. Shear = 0.69 kN

Moment = 5 PL / 12
= 5 x 0.69 x 0.4 / 12
= 0.115 kNm < Allowable MoR = 3.49 kNm

S3 = 3 P/2 x 1.1
= (3 x 0.69 / 2) x 1.1
= 1.14 kN < Allowable Shear = 11.1 kN

Deflection = 53 P L3 / (1296 EI)

= (53 x 0.69 x 0.43) / (1296 x 183.4)
= 0.0098 x 10-3 m
= 0.0098 mm < L / 270
= 400/270 = 1.48 mm Check OK

R3 = (2 x 2 x P/2) x 1.1 + P
= (2 x 2 x 0.69 /2) x 1.1 + 0.69
= 2.21 kN

Bearing stress = R3 / (0.15 x 0.15)

= 2.21 / (0.15 x 0.15)
= 98.2 N/m2 < 2892.1 kN/m2

Page 14 of 43
Postgraduate Certificate in Building Engineering (September 2012 Intake)
Course Code: SE 35-115-00(21)
Module: Temporary Works Design [BE66036] / Module Code: SE 35-115-01 (21)
Assignment No. 1
Group 3

2.7 Wall Ties Design

Material: Wall ties are Grade 250 threaded mild steel bars of 12mm dia. 400 c/c

Permissible tensile stress S = 0.6 fy

= 0.6 x 250
= 150 MPa

Permissible tensile force = A x S x 1.25

= 3.14 x 0.0062 x 150000000 x 1.25
= 21000 N = 21 kN > R = 2.21 kN

Concrete pressure x soldier spacing x tie spacing = Tie load

62.16 x 0.4 x 0.4 = Tie load
Tie Load = 9.9456 kN

2.8 Stability Check on Wall Form

A. Material: Hilti Re500 injection Adhesive with embedment depth 120 mm, Y12 steel
bar
Ultimate mean pull-out load = 74.2 kN > Pmax = 62.16 kN

Page 15 of 43
Postgraduate Certificate in Building Engineering (September 2012 Intake)
Course Code: SE 35-115-00(21)
Module: Temporary Works Design [BE66036] / Module Code: SE 35-115-01 (21)
Assignment No. 1
Group 3

B. Factor of Safety against overturning:

Design wind pressure at 5.5m (H) for temporary formwork (Wind Code in HK 2004)
0.7 x Cf x qz x Az,
(qz = 1.82 + 0.5 x (2.01 – 1.82) / 5 = 1.839 kPa, linear interpolation)
(take 70% of pressure for temp. building)
= 0.7 x 1.8 x 1.84 x (5.5 x 8.4) (assume Cf = 1.8, for solidity ratio of 0.9)
= 107.1 kN

Assume self-weight of wall form = 5 kN

Assume Construction operation load = 2 kN (say max 2 workers on the working
platform)

Loading on Load Moment arm

formwork (approx.)
Wind 107.1 kN 2.75 m
Construction 2 kN 0.8 m
operation
Self-weight 5 kN 0.15 m
Struts R 2m

Taking pivot at base of formwork,

Factor of safety against overturning
= restoring moment / overturning moment-
1.2 = (2 x 0.8 + 107 x 2.75) / (0.75 x 0.15 + 2 x R) (take FOS = 1.2)
R = 123.2 kN

We propose the wall form to be stabilized by struts with 50 x 100 mm timber @ 400
c/c over the 8.4 m span (Assume 20 nos. struts installed, 60o inclining the ground
surface).

Page 16 of 43
Postgraduate Certificate in Building Engineering (September 2012 Intake)
Course Code: SE 35-115-00(21)
Module: Temporary Works Design [BE66036] / Module Code: SE 35-115-01 (21)
Assignment No. 1
Group 3

Permissible compressive stress of strut = 1.32 N/mm2

Cross sectional area of timber = 50 mm x 100 mm = 5000 mm2 = 0.005 m2

Supposed Max capacity of struts taken:

1.32 N/mm2 x 5000mm2 x 20 nos = 132 kN > 123.2kN Check OK
(With steel grade 460N/mm2 bolt anchoring the strut to ground)

Page 17 of 43
Postgraduate Certificate in Building Engineering (September 2012 Intake)
Course Code: SE 35-115-00(21)
Module: Temporary Works Design [BE66036] / Module Code: SE 35-115-01 (21)
Assignment No. 1
Group 3

CHAPTER 3 LAYOUT AND SECTIONS OF DESIGNED WALL FORM

Figure 1 Elevation and Section of Designed Wall Form

Page 18 of 43
Postgraduate Certificate in Building Engineering (September 2012 Intake)
Course Code: SE 35-115-00(21)
Module: Temporary Works Design [BE66036] / Module Code: SE 35-115-01 (21)
Assignment No. 1
Group 3

Figure 2 Layout of Designed Wall Form

Page 19 of 43
Postgraduate Certificate in Building Engineering (September 2012 Intake)
Course Code: SE 35-115-00(21)
Module: Temporary Works Design [BE66036] / Module Code: SE 35-115-01 (21)
Assignment No. 1
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CHAPTER 4 METHOD STATEMENT FOR CONSTRUCTION OF

SHAFT WALL

1. Erect temporary working platform to required height and length, with the face
closest to the existing wall at approximate 550mm, with top and intermediate
railings, toe boards, access stair, bracing & strut to prevent over turning by
training labors. Completed working platform shall be checked and certified by
competent person w/ Form 5 before use and as necessary according to local
regulations.

2. Set out the locations of wall tie bolts according to approved formwork design
drawings on the existing wall.

3. Drill holes on the existing walls to required size and depth according to Hilti
RE500 injection adhesive instruction. Clean the drilled holes with brush and
blower. Arrange random check of the workmanship on holes depth and
cleanliness with inspector.

4. Inject Hilti RE500 adhesive into the holes and insert the turnbuckle type wall ties
into the holes in accordance with adhesive manufacturer’s direction. Install wall
tie cone spacer to ensure correct wall thickness can be achieved.

5. Install joint filler against the existing wall by glue and making cross cuts on the
filler for passing through of the installed wall ties.

6. Erect wall reinforcement according to working drawings with required spacers and
arrange inspection. Install also cast-in conduits into the wall per drawings and
arranged inspection.

Page 20 of 43
Postgraduate Certificate in Building Engineering (September 2012 Intake)
Course Code: SE 35-115-00(21)
Module: Temporary Works Design [BE66036] / Module Code: SE 35-115-01 (21)
Assignment No. 1
Group 3
7. During the wall tie installation, arrange full height formwork fabrication on flat
ground inside site area with plywood and soldiers by nailing them according to
the required spacing per approved formwork design. Overlap soldiers by
minimum 300mm and ensure the same spacing as adjacent row of soldiers
maintained. Drill holes for wall ties per formwork design.

8. Clean the plywood face & apply approved formwork release agent on surface
evenly. Install 20mm high yield steel bar through the topmost soldiers for hoisting.
Arrange inspection on the formwork finish quality before erection.

9. After reinforcement inspected, hoist up the fabricated formwork by using crane

and slot in place between the space of working platform and reinforcement. Tight
the formwork against the wall ties with horizontal walings.

10. Install inclined timber struts with restraint bars inserted on ground through the
working platform gaps per formwork design to stabilize the formwork.

11. Ensure waling ends overlap and tightened w/ ties.

12. Extend the working platform above the wall top for concreting work with proper
form 5 signed by competent person.

13. Seal up the small gaps between the wall formwork with adjacent walls and floor
slab by self-expanding foam.

14. After final formwork & cleaning inspection, carry out concrete pouring according
to separate method statement. Apply approved retarder to wall top for
construction joint preparation.

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Postgraduate Certificate in Building Engineering (September 2012 Intake)
Course Code: SE 35-115-00(21)
Module: Temporary Works Design [BE66036] / Module Code: SE 35-115-01 (21)
Assignment No. 1
Group 3
15. After concrete pouring and initial set, cover the wall top with wet canvas and PVC
sheet. Prepare the construction joint for next pour of structural element by using
high pressure water jet to form rough surface with coarse aggregate exposed.

16. 24 hours after casting, remove wall form by untightening of wall ties and taking
out waling. Left the wall form by use of crane and store on ground for re-use at
other walls with similar design approved. Apply approved curing compound on
vertical wall face too.

17. Continue other structures around per separate method statements.

CHAPTER 5 DISCUSSIONS

The results show that the temporary the temporary work scheme for a 250mm shaft wall
construction can be designed in a safe manner via detail assessments. Ricouard, M. J.
(1976) considered that for vertical formwork, other factors need to be taken into account.
The concrete, being semi-fluid, may be assumed to exert a hydrostatic pressure
horizontal in direction and triangular in general form. The pressure at the bottom would,
therefore be that of a fluid of density 2500kg/m3, or p = 2500 x h (where h is the height
in metres. The total pressure would be p = 25 h x (h/2), with a resultant one-third of the
way up from the base [2].

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Postgraduate Certificate in Building Engineering (September 2012 Intake)
Course Code: SE 35-115-00(21)
Module: Temporary Works Design [BE66036] / Module Code: SE 35-115-01 (21)
Assignment No. 1
Group 3

CHAPTER 6 CONCLUSIONS

The methodology stipulated in CIRIA Report 108 is considered to be the most widely
adopted design methodology for formwork design. Based on the aforementioned
methodology, a feasible and structural safe scheme of the temporary works for the shaft
wall can be suggested.

REFERENCES

1. Hurst M. P. 1983, Formwork, 1st edn, Longman Inc., United States of America.
2. Ricourard, M. J. 1976, Formwork for Concrete Construction, 1st edn, The
Macmillan Press Ltd., United Kingdom.

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Postgraduate Certificate in Building Engineering (September 2012 Intake)
Course Code: SE 35-115-00(21)
Module: Temporary Works Design [BE66036] / Module Code: SE 35-115-01 (21)
Assignment No. 1
Group 3

APPENDIX

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Postgraduate Certificate in Building Engineering (September 2012 Intake)
Course Code: SE 35-115-00(21)
Module: Temporary Works Design [BE66036] / Module Code: SE 35-115-01 (21)
Assignment No. 1
Group 3

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Postgraduate Certificate in Building Engineering (September 2012 Intake)
Course Code: SE 35-115-00(21)
Module: Temporary Works Design [BE66036] / Module Code: SE 35-115-01 (21)
Assignment No. 1
Group 3

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Postgraduate Certificate in Building Engineering (September 2012 Intake)
Course Code: SE 35-115-00(21)
Module: Temporary Works Design [BE66036] / Module Code: SE 35-115-01 (21)
Assignment No. 1
Group 3

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Postgraduate Certificate in Building Engineering (September 2012 Intake)
Course Code: SE 35-115-00(21)
Module: Temporary Works Design [BE66036] / Module Code: SE 35-115-01 (21)
Assignment No. 1
Group 3

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Postgraduate Certificate in Building Engineering (September 2012 Intake)
Course Code: SE 35-115-00(21)
Module: Temporary Works Design [BE66036] / Module Code: SE 35-115-01 (21)
Assignment No. 1
Group 3

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Postgraduate Certificate in Building Engineering (September 2012 Intake)
Course Code: SE 35-115-00(21)
Module: Temporary Works Design [BE66036] / Module Code: SE 35-115-01 (21)
Assignment No. 1
Group 3

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Postgraduate Certificate in Building Engineering (September 2012 Intake)
Course Code: SE 35-115-00(21)
Module: Temporary Works Design [BE66036] / Module Code: SE 35-115-01 (21)
Assignment No. 1
Group 3

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Postgraduate Certificate in Building Engineering (September 2012 Intake)
Course Code: SE 35-115-00(21)
Module: Temporary Works Design [BE66036] / Module Code: SE 35-115-01 (21)
Assignment No. 1
Group 3

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Postgraduate Certificate in Building Engineering (September 2012 Intake)
Course Code: SE 35-115-00(21)
Module: Temporary Works Design [BE66036] / Module Code: SE 35-115-01 (21)
Assignment No. 1
Group 3

BS 5975-1996 Code of practice for falsework

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Postgraduate Certificate in Building Engineering (September 2012 Intake)
Course Code: SE 35-115-00(21)
Module: Temporary Works Design [BE66036] / Module Code: SE 35-115-01 (21)
Assignment No. 1
Group 3

BS 5268 1991 Structural use of timber

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Postgraduate Certificate in Building Engineering (September 2012 Intake)
Course Code: SE 35-115-00(21)
Module: Temporary Works Design [BE66036] / Module Code: SE 35-115-01 (21)
Assignment No. 1
Group 3

Page 35 of 43
Postgraduate Certificate in Building Engineering (September 2012 Intake)
Course Code: SE 35-115-00(21)
Module: Temporary Works Design [BE66036] / Module Code: SE 35-115-01 (21)
Assignment No. 1
Group 3

Page 36 of 43
Postgraduate Certificate in Building Engineering (September 2012 Intake)
Course Code: SE 35-115-00(21)
Module: Temporary Works Design [BE66036] / Module Code: SE 35-115-01 (21)
Assignment No. 1
Group 3

Page 37 of 43
Postgraduate Certificate in Building Engineering (September 2012 Intake)
Course Code: SE 35-115-00(21)
Module: Temporary Works Design [BE66036] / Module Code: SE 35-115-01 (21)
Assignment No. 1
Group 3

Page 38 of 43
Postgraduate Certificate in Building Engineering (September 2012 Intake)
Course Code: SE 35-115-00(21)
Module: Temporary Works Design [BE66036] / Module Code: SE 35-115-01 (21)
Assignment No. 1
Group 3

Page 39 of 43
Postgraduate Certificate in Building Engineering (September 2012 Intake)
Course Code: SE 35-115-00(21)
Module: Temporary Works Design [BE66036] / Module Code: SE 35-115-01 (21)
Assignment No. 1
Group 3

Page 40 of 43
Postgraduate Certificate in Building Engineering (September 2012 Intake)
Course Code: SE 35-115-00(21)
Module: Temporary Works Design [BE66036] / Module Code: SE 35-115-01 (21)
Assignment No. 1
Group 3

Page 41 of 43
Postgraduate Certificate in Building Engineering (September 2012 Intake)
Course Code: SE 35-115-00(21)
Module: Temporary Works Design [BE66036] / Module Code: SE 35-115-01 (21)
Assignment No. 1
Group 3
Wind Code in HK 2004

Page 42 of 43
Postgraduate Certificate in Building Engineering (September 2012 Intake)
Course Code: SE 35-115-00(21)
Module: Temporary Works Design [BE66036] / Module Code: SE 35-115-01 (21)
Assignment No. 1
Group 3

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