School of Professional and Continuing Education

The University of Hong Kong

Postgraduate Certificate in Building Engineering

(Sept 2019 intake)

Module: Temporary Works Design

Assignment No.01

Lecturer : Ir. Dr. Otto Lau W. H.

Student Name : CHAN Wai Shan
Student No. : 20126826

Submission Date: 11 December 2019

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School of Professional and Continuing Education - The University of Hong Kong
Postgraduate Certificate in Building Engineering (September 2019 Intake)
Module: Temporary Works Design

Student Name: CHAN Wai Shan (20126826) Submission Date: 11 December 2019

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Cover Page ................................................................................................................. 1

Table of Contents ......................................................................................................... 2

1. Introduction ........................................................................................................... 3

2. Proposed Material Used, Design Calculation and Drawing ................................. 4-13

3. Method Statement for Construction of Shaft Wall ............................................... 14-15

Appendix A: Table for Values of coefficients C1 and C2 and Equation of Pmax ....... 16

Appendix B: Data for Plywood Design ................................................................. 17

Appendix C: Timber Design – Effect of Loading Sharing ..................................... 18

Appendix D: Data for Soldier and Wailing Design ................................................ 19

Appendix E: Grade stresses and moduli of elasticity for strength classes ............... 20

Appendix F: Table of Modification factor K ......................................................... 21-22

Appendix G: HILTI HIT RE500 Injection Adhesive with Rebar ........................... 23

Appendix H: Information for Design Wind Pressures............................................ 24

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School of Professional and Continuing Education - The University of Hong Kong
Postgraduate Certificate in Building Engineering (September 2019 Intake)
Module: Temporary Works Design

Student Name: CHAN Wai Shan (20126826) Submission Date: 11 December 2019

1. Introduction
This report covers the formwork design for the shaft wall above the existing constructed concrete
wall.

The information provided for designed shaft wall:-

The wall dimension is 8.0 m width x 5.0 m height
The wall shall be constructed in one of pour concrete
Rate of placing: 1.0 m/hour (GST 1)
Slump of concrete:75 mm (GST 1)
Wall thickness 300 mm (GST 1)
Density of concrete: 2500 kg/m3
Concrete Temperature: 28 oC
All concrete pressure is taken by struts or anchor bolt

Design Data and Assumption of Temporary Works Design:

i) Adjoining wall is constructed by grade Used: 35D/20 reinforced concrete with Admixture but
without retarder
ii) 50mm thick joint filler would placed to isolate the constructed wall and the proposed new
concrete wall.
iii) 150mm floor slab is constructed by grade 35D/20 reinforced concrete to ensure the floor level
is even that the proposed formwork and support installation
iv) The wall shall be constructed in one pour of concrete
v) The existing wall have been casted more than 28 days in grade 35D/20
vi) Formwork will be used 19mm Douglas Fir 7 ply sanded plywood
vii) Timber comply with Canadian Douglas Fir larch GS timber graded to BS4978 (i.e. SC3 timber
to BS5268)

Design Code and Reference:

i) Falsework: B.S. 5975:1996 - Code of Practice for Falsework
ii) B.S. 5950: 1990 Structural Use of Steel Work in Building
iii) Formwork – A Guide to Good Practice
iv) B.S. 5268 : Part 2:1991 - The Structural Use of Timber
v) Code of Practice on Wind Effects in Hong Kong 2004
vi) CIRIA Report 108 "Concrete Pressure on Formwork"
vii) Hilti HIT-RE500 Injection Adhesive

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School of Professional and Continuing Education - The University of Hong Kong
Postgraduate Certificate in Building Engineering (September 2019 Intake)
Module: Temporary Works Design

Student Name: CHAN Wai Shan (20126826) Submission Date: 11 December 2019

2. Proposed Material Used and Design Calculation

Proposed Formwork sizes and Material
Plywood: 1220 mm x 2440 mm x 19 mm thk. Plywood
Soldier: 75 mm x 100 mm SC3 vertical soldiers @ 250 mm c/c
Waling: Twin 75 mm x 150 mm SC3 horizontal waling @ 450 mm c/c
Wall Ties: 12 mmØ mild steel wall ties @ 450 mm c/c
Strutting: 50 mm x100 mm SC3 strutting @ 450 mm c/c

Design Calculation
The temperature coefficient:
K = [36/ (T+16)]2 = T= Concrete Temperature = 25 oC (Refer to Appendix A)
2
= [36/(28+16)]
= 0.669

C1 = 1.0 (Refer to Appendix A) From table 1 wall is 1.0

C2 = 0.3 (Refer to Appendix A) From table 1 assume OPC,RHPC or SRPC w/o admixture is 0.3
D = Density of Concrete: 25 kN/m3
R = Rate of Placing: 2.0 m/hour
H = Height of Wall: 5m
T=28 oC

C1x(R) 1/2 =1.0<H=5M Check OK (Refer Appendix A)

Maximum Concrete Pressure on formwork:

Pmax = D [ C1(R)1/2 + C2 K (H - C1(R)1/2)] or DH which is the smaller (Refer To Appendix A)
= 25 [1.0(1)1/2 + 0.3(0.669)(5-1.0(1)1/2)]
= 25 [1 + 0.3(2.676)]
= 45.07 kN/m2 or DH = 25(5) =125 kN/m2

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School of Professional and Continuing Education - The University of Hong Kong
Postgraduate Certificate in Building Engineering (September 2019 Intake)
Module: Temporary Works Design

Student Name: CHAN Wai Shan (20126826) Submission Date: 11 December 2019

The design concrete pressure = 45.07 kN/m2

Pmax / D = 45.07/25 = 1.802m

Design pressure envelop

1.802m Pmax /D

3.198m

45.07 N/m2

125 N/m2

Design Calculation on Plywood Form Face

Material: 1220mm x 2440mm x 19mm thk. Plywood
Support by: 75x150mm SC3 vertical soldiers @ 200 c/c
Supporting Length, L = 250mm = 0.25m Thickness , t = 19mm
fZ (moment of resistance) = 0.489 kNm/m (Refer to Appendix B)
2
EI (Bending stiffness) = 3.26 kNm /m (Refer to Appendix B)
qA (Shear load) = 6.79 kN/m / 1.5 = 4.53 kN/m Check OK! (Refer to Appendix B)
Max deflection = L/270 = 0.925mm (Refer to Appendix B)

Load on one span per metre

W1 = Pmax x L
= 45.07 x 0.25
= 11.2675 kN/m (Uniformed Distributed Load)

Moment in plywood
M1 = 0.095 WL
= 0.095 (11.2675) (0.25)
= 0.267 kNm/m < 0.489 kNm/m Check OK!

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School of Professional and Continuing Education - The University of Hong Kong
Postgraduate Certificate in Building Engineering (September 2019 Intake)
Module: Temporary Works Design

Student Name: CHAN Wai Shan (20126826) Submission Date: 11 December 2019

Shear force
S1 = (k x 0.5) [(L - B - t) / L] W (Refer to below picture where k=1.05 for two spans) (Refer to
Appendix C)
= (0.55) [(0.25-0.075-0.019) / 0.25] (11.2675)
= 3.867 kN/m < 4.53 kN/m Check OK!

Deflection of Plywood = 0.0066WL3 /EI

= 0.0066 (11.2675) (0.253) / 3.26 x1000
= 0.356mm < Max. Deflection of Plywood = L / 270 = 250 / 270 = 0.925 mm Check OK!

R1 = W1 = 11.2675 kN/m
Design Calculation on Soldier Design
Material: 75 mm x 100 mm SC3 timber soldier @ 250 mm c/c span 450 mm over support
Support: 2 nos. 75 mm x150 mm SC3 waling @ 450 mm c/c

L = 450 mm Support Location

2
A = 6984 mm (Refer to Appendix D)
6 4
I = 5.48 x 10 mm Moment of Inertia (Refer to Appendix D)
5 2
Z = 1.13 x 10 mm Section of Modulus (Refer to Appendix D)
Emean = 8800 N/mm2 Mean of Modulus of elasticity (Refer to Appendix E)
K1 = 1.08 (Refer to Appendix F)
K2 = 0.8 (Refer to Appendix F)
K3 = 1.25 (Refer to Appendix F)
K4 = 1.14 (Refer to Appendix F)
K7 = 1.17 (Refer to Appendix F)
K8 = 1.1 (Refer to Appendix F)
2
f = 5.3 N/mm (Refer to Appendix E)
2
q = 0.67 N/mm (Refer to Appendix E)
2
= 2.2 N/mm Compression prep to gain (Refer to Appendix E)

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School of Professional and Continuing Education - The University of Hong Kong
Postgraduate Certificate in Building Engineering (September 2019 Intake)
Module: Temporary Works Design

Student Name: CHAN Wai Shan (20126826) Submission Date: 11 December 2019

EI = K1K2EmeanI
= 1.08(0.8)(8800)(5.48 x 106)
= 41.67 kNm2

Perm. MoR = K1K2K3K7K8fZ

= 1.08(0.8)(1.25)(1.17)(1.1)(5.3)(1.13 x 105)
= 0.832 kNm

Perm. Av. Shear = K1K2K3K8qA/1.5

= 1.08(0.8)(1.25)(1.1)(0.67)(6984)/1.5
= 3.71 kN

Perm. Bearing Stress = K1K2K3K4K8(1.2)(Compression prep to grain)

= 1.08(0.8)(1.25)(1.14)(1.1)(1.2)(2.2)
= 3575 kN/m2

Max. Deflection = L/270 (Refer to Appendix B)

= 450/270
= 1.6mm

W2 = 11.2675 x 0.45
= 5.07 kN (Uniformed Distributed Load)

M2 = 0.11W2L
= 0.11 (5.07) (0.45)
= 0.25 kNm < Perm. MoR = 0.832 kNm Check OK!

S2 = 0.607W
= 0.607 (5.07)
= 3.077 kN < Prem Av. Shear = 3.71 kNm Check OK!

Deflection = 0.00646WL3/EI
= 0.00646 (5.07) (0.45)3 / 41.67
= 0.716 mm < Max. Deflection = 1.6mm Check OK!

Page 7 of 24
School of Professional and Continuing Education - The University of Hong Kong
Postgraduate Certificate in Building Engineering (September 2019 Intake)
Module: Temporary Works Design

Student Name: CHAN Wai Shan (20126826) Submission Date: 11 December 2019

R2 = 1.143W2
= 1.143 (5.07)
= 5.795 kN

Page 8 of 24
School of Professional and Continuing Education - The University of Hong Kong
Postgraduate Certificate in Building Engineering (September 2019 Intake)
Module: Temporary Works Design

Student Name: CHAN Wai Shan (20126826) Submission Date: 11 December 2019

Design Calculation on Waling

Material: 2 nos. of 75 mm x 150 mm Timber spans 450 mm over wall ties

L = 450 mm Support Location

A = 2 x 10440 = 20880 mm2 Area (Refer to Appendix D)
7 7 4
I = 2 x (1.83 x 10 ) = 3.66 x 10 mm Moment of Inertia (Refer to Appendix D)
5 5 2
Z = 2 x (2.52 x 10 ) = 5.04 x 10 mm Section of Modulus (Refer to Appendix D)
2
Emin = 5800 N/mm Mean of Modulus of elasticity (Refer to Appendix E)
K1 = 1.08 (Refer to Appendix F)
K2 = 0.8 (Refer to Appendix F)
K3 = 1.25 (Refer to Appendix F)
K4 = 1.14 (Refer to Appendix F)
0.11
K7 = (300 / h) for h > 72 mm and ≤ 300 mm (Refer to Appendix F)
0.11
= (300 / 75)
= 1.165
K8 = 1.1 (Refer to Appendix F)
f = 5.3 N/mm2 (Refer to Appendix E)
2
q = 0.67 N/mm (Refer to Appendix E)
2
= 2.2 N/mm Compression prep to gain (Refer to Appendix E)

EI = K1K2Emin(I)
= 1.08(0.8)(5800)(3.66 x 107)
= 1.83 x 1011 Nmm2
= 183.41 kNm2

Perm MoR = K1K2K3K7K8fZ

= (1.08)(0.8)(1.25)(1.165)(1.1)(5.3)(5.04x105)
= 3.696 kNm

Perm. Av. Shear = K1K2K3K8qA/1.5

= (1.08)(0.8)(1.25)(1.1)(0.67)(20880)/1.5
= 11.08 kN

Perm. Bearing Stress = K1K2K3K4K8x1.2xCompression prep to grain

= (1.08)(0.8)(1.25)(1.14)(1.1)(1.2)(2.2)
= 3.575405 N/mm2
= 3575.405 kN/m2

Page 9 of 24
School of Professional and Continuing Education - The University of Hong Kong
Postgraduate Certificate in Building Engineering (September 2019 Intake)
Module: Temporary Works Design

Student Name: CHAN Wai Shan (20126826) Submission Date: 11 December 2019

Max. Deflection = L/270 = 450/270 = 1.85mm (Refer to Appendix B)

P = R2 = 5.795 kN

M3 = 5PL/12
= 5(5.795)(0.45)/12
= 1.0865 kNm < Perm. MoR = 3.696 kNm Check OK!

S3 = 3P/2 + 10%
= [3(5.795)/2] x 1.1
= 9.561 < Perm. Av. Shear = 11.08 kN Check OK!

Deflection = 53PL3/1296EI
= 53(5.795)(0.45)3/1296(183.41)
= 7.31 x 10-5 m
= 0.117 mm < L/270 = 1.85 mm Check OK!

R3 = [2(3P/2+10%)]
= 2{[3(5.795)/2] 1.1}
= 19.123 kN

Bearing Stress = 19.123 / (0.1) (0.1)

2
= 1912.35 kN/m < Perm. Bearing Stress = 3575.405 kN/m2 Check OK!

Page 10 of 24
School of Professional and Continuing Education - The University of Hong Kong
Postgraduate Certificate in Building Engineering (September 2019 Intake)
Module: Temporary Works Design

Student Name: CHAN Wai Shan (20126826) Submission Date: 11 December 2019

Design Calculation of Wall Tie

Material: Wall ties – Grade 250 12mm dia. threaded mild steel bars in 450mm c/c
Permissible tensile stress = 0.6fy
= 0.6 x 250
= 150 MPa
Permissible tensile force = Area x 150000 x 1.25 (+25% for temp. structure)
= 0.006 x 0.006 x 3.14 x 150000 x 1.25
= 21.195 kN > R3 = 19.123 kN Check OK!

Stability Check on Wall Form

Material: Hilti RE500 injection Adhesive with 150mm embedment depth
Ultimate pull-out load: = 74.2 kN (Refer to Appendix G) > Pmax = 45.07 kN/m2

Typical Self Weight of Wall Form = Approx. 60kg/m3 = 0.59 kN/m2

Assume the wall form at ground level
Design Wind pressure qz = 1.82 kN/m2 (Refer to Appendix H)
2 2
The temp. structure = 0.7 x 1.82 kN/m = 1.27 kN/m (Refer to Appendix H)

Design wind pressure at 5.0m (H) for temporary formwork (Wind Code in HK 2004)
0.7xCf x qz xAz
(qz=1.82+0.5 x (2.01-1.82)/5 = 1.839kPa, linear interpolation)
(Taking 70% of pressure for temp. building)
=0.7 x1.82x1.8x(5x8) (assume Cf=1.82 for solidity ratio of 0.9)
=91.7kN

Assume seld weight of Wall form = 5KN

Assume Construction operation load = 2kN 9 say max 2 workers on the working platform)

Loading on formwork Load Moment arm

Wind 91.7kN 2.5m
Construction operation 2kN 0.8m
Self-weight 5kN 0.15m
Struts R 2m
Taking pivot at base of formwork
Factor of safety against overturning
=restoring moment / overturning moment
1.2 = (2x0.8+91.7x2.5) / (0.75x0.15+2xR) (take FOS=1.2)

Page 11 of 24
School of Professional and Continuing Education - The University of Hong Kong
Postgraduate Certificate in Building Engineering (September 2019 Intake)
Module: Temporary Works Design

Student Name: CHAN Wai Shan (20126826) Submission Date: 11 December 2019

R=96.1

Therefore, we propose the wall form to be stabilized by struts with 50x100 timber @450 c/c over the
8.0m span (Assume 18 nos. struts installed, 60 degree inclining the ground surface)

Permissible compressive stress of strut =1.32N/mm2

Cross sectional area of timber =50x100mm =5000mm2 = 0.005m2

Supposed Max capacity of structs taken:

1.32N/mm2 x 5000mm2 x18 nos. = 118.8 > 96.1kN Check OK

(With steel grade 460N/mm2 bolt anchoring the strut to ground)

=1.27 KPa

Page 12 of 24
School of Professional and Continuing Education - The University of Hong Kong
Postgraduate Certificate in Building Engineering (September 2019 Intake)
Module: Temporary Works Design

Student Name: CHAN Wai Shan (20126826) Submission Date: 11 December 2019

Design Drawing

All 250c/c

300

450 450
250mmc/c

450
450
@450mm

450 150 450

450mm

450 450

450mm

450 450 450 450 450

Elevation View

All 250c/c

300

250mm

150
450mm

450mm

450mm
450mm 450mm 450mm 450mm 450mm

Sectional View

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School of Professional and Continuing Education - The University of Hong Kong
Postgraduate Certificate in Building Engineering (September 2019 Intake)
Module: Temporary Works Design

Student Name: CHAN Wai Shan (20126826) Submission Date: 11 December 2019

Method Statement for Construction of Shaft Wall

Formwork

•Before carrying out any erection works of wall formwork, detailed method statement and risk assessment must
be checked with approved by the Safety Officer, Design Engineer ,Site Agent, Quality Control Engineer and
Project Manager with got no adverse comment by the Representative(s) from the Consultant

.•All relevant participating workers must be accepted a brief talk held by the Safety Officer and experience Site
Works Ganger before proceeding of erection works

.•Assume roughen/scrape off on the surface inthe middle of proposed wall to accept key joint for concreting

.•Assume wall foot kickers 250 width X 100 height were made at both end and in the middle of wall to form as a
guide for foot kicker board

.•Setting out line of wall with addition 300 mm reference line for checking verticality on wall.

•Check the re-bars with adjust the vertically to accept the lap length of vertical steel bar

.•Fabrication of re-bars in accordance with the construction drawings.

•Vacate space on or vacate structural openings for E&M box, conduit or any other E & M instrument which are
required to cast into the wall (all aforesaid must be approved by the Structural Engineer) and in accordance with
the approved drawing.

•Provide sufficient circular plastic spacer to the vertical bar, stirrup for making them have enough concrete cover
to wall which approved by the Structural Engineer

.•Mark off finish height of wall with in practice of marked 300 mm height above pouring concrete finishes level
to prevent any over pour

.•Notification the Resident Engineer or their representative to take an inspection/checking before erection of the
formwork.

•Installation of toe board according to the setting out line on the bottom of the timber formwork with cleaning
inside of the wall

.•For the front side that installation of first side 20mm plywood timber formwork for walls(on site practice are
the 50X100 solider @275mm c/c fixed by the nails on the plywood board with ready for fixing one by one. For
safety purpose and prevent the collapse of sole side formwork, temporary fixing i.e. temporary strut to fixed to
the formworks is required

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School of Professional and Continuing Education - The University of Hong Kong
Postgraduate Certificate in Building Engineering (September 2019 Intake)
Module: Temporary Works Design

Student Name: CHAN Wai Shan (20126826) Submission Date: 11 December 2019

•Construct three small boxes opening to the bottom of wall formwork (approx 100X100for diverting debris
before concreting) at both end and in the middle.

Procedure :
1. Erect temporary working platform with safe guardrails and toe boards which complied

with the statutory requirement and regulation.

2. Inset the anchor wall ties into the adjoining constructed wall according to the spacing as

specified in design calculation.

3. Laying 50mm thick approved joint filler to the surface of adjoining constructed wall to isolate

the structures.

4. Rebar fixing for the wall with sufficient concrete spacers to ensure suitable concrete cover.

5. Erection of 19mm thk. timber formwork, soldiers and walings. (75x100 mm,

soldier@200mm c/c; twin 75x150 mm waling@400 c/c)

6. Fasten up the 12mm dia. wall ties, sleeves and cone spreader@400mm c/c.

7. Install the inclined 50x100 mm struts @400c/c.

8. Checking on the vertically of wall form and final inspection.

9. Carry out concreting work.

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School of Professional and Continuing Education - The University of Hong Kong
Postgraduate Certificate in Building Engineering (September 2019 Intake)
Module: Temporary Works Design

Student Name: CHAN Wai Shan (20126826) Submission Date: 11 December 2019

Appendix A

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School of Professional and Continuing Education - The University of Hong Kong
Postgraduate Certificate in Building Engineering (September 2019 Intake)
Module: Temporary Works Design

Student Name: CHAN Wai Shan (20126826) Submission Date: 11 December 2019

Appendix B

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School of Professional and Continuing Education - The University of Hong Kong
Postgraduate Certificate in Building Engineering (September 2019 Intake)
Module: Temporary Works Design

Student Name: CHAN Wai Shan (20126826) Submission Date: 11 December 2019

Appendix C

Page 18 of 24
School of Professional and Continuing Education - The University of Hong Kong
Postgraduate Certificate in Building Engineering (September 2019 Intake)
Module: Temporary Works Design

Student Name: CHAN Wai Shan (20126826) Submission Date: 11 December 2019

Appendix D

For Soldier Design For Wailing Design

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School of Professional and Continuing Education - The University of Hong Kong
Postgraduate Certificate in Building Engineering (September 2019 Intake)
Module: Temporary Works Design

Student Name: CHAN Wai Shan (20126826) Submission Date: 11 December 2019

Appendix E

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School of Professional and Continuing Education - The University of Hong Kong
Postgraduate Certificate in Building Engineering (September 2019 Intake)
Module: Temporary Works Design

Student Name: CHAN Wai Shan (20126826) Submission Date: 11 December 2019

Appendix F

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School of Professional and Continuing Education - The University of Hong Kong
Postgraduate Certificate in Building Engineering (September 2019 Intake)
Module: Temporary Works Design

Student Name: CHAN Wai Shan (20126826) Submission Date: 11 December 2019

Appendix F (Cont’d)

K6

Grade bending stresses primarily apply to solid timber members of rectangular cross-section. For
other shapes of cross-section the grade bending stresses should be multiplied by the modification
factor, K6, where

K6 = 1.18 for solid circular sections;

K6 = 1.41 for solid square sections loaded on a diagonal.

K7

The grade bending stresses provided in the tables is generally based on sections 300mm deep a

constant (K7) is used when other thicknesses are used.

K8

In construction applications where four or more members are sharing the imposed load e.g. rafters ,
joists, trusses etc. with suitable provisions for distributing the load e.g. boarding, battens etc the
admissibles stresses and the modulus shoul be obtained using the following rules .

• The appropriate grade stresses should be multiplied by the load sharing modification
factor, K8 = 1.1.
• The mean modulus of elasticity should be used to calculate deflections and
displacements under both dead and imposed load. However if the loading results
from mechanical plant and equipment, for storage, or for floors subject to vibrations,
then the minimum modulus of elasticity should be used.

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School of Professional and Continuing Education - The University of Hong Kong
Postgraduate Certificate in Building Engineering (September 2019 Intake)
Module: Temporary Works Design

Student Name: CHAN Wai Shan (20126826) Submission Date: 11 December 2019

Appendix G

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School of Professional and Continuing Education - The University of Hong Kong
Postgraduate Certificate in Building Engineering (September 2019 Intake)
Module: Temporary Works Design

Student Name: CHAN Wai Shan (20126826) Submission Date: 11 December 2019

Appendix H

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