Area Formulae .
Area of square= s2
Area of rectangle= lb
Area of triangle when the height is given= 2 ×b ×h
1
perimeter
Semiperimeter=
2
Area of triangle with all three sides (also used for scalene triangle)= √❑
Area of isosceles triangle when the height is not given= 2 ( ❑ )×b
1 √❑
Area of equilateral triangle when the height is not given= √❑a 2❑
ab
Area of right angle triangle=
2
Area of parallelogram= bh
Area of trapezium= 2 ×(a+b)×h
1
1
Area of rhombus= ×product of diagonals
2
pq
Area of kite =
2
Area of a circle= πr 2 Circumference= 2πr
Θ
Area of sector= ×πr 2
360
Surface Area Formulae .
CUBE:
Total surface area of a cube= 6a❑2❑
Lateral surface area of a cube= 4a❑2
CUBOID:
Total surface area of a cuboid= 2(lb+bh+lh)
Lateral surface area of a cuboid= 2(l+b)h
TRIANGULAR PRISM:
Total surface area of a triangular prism= ph+2B (p is perimeter of base, h is height and b
is base area)
Lateral surface area of a triangular prism= ph (p is perimeter of base, h is height)
CYLINDER:
Total surface area of a cylinder= 2πr(r+h)
Curved surface area of a cylinder= 2πrh
Pythagoras Theorem .
c❑2= a❑2+ b❑2
A
Hypoten
Algebraical Identities .
I. (a + b)❑2= a❑2+ b❑2+ 2ab
II. (a - b)❑2= a❑2+ b❑2- 2ab
III. a❑2- b❑2= (a + b)(a - b)
Polygons .
For calculating the sum of interior angles:
(n - 2) ×180°
For calculating each interior angle:
[(n - 2)} ×180° ÷number of sides
For calculating each exterior angle:
360÷number of sides
Percentage .
Gain = SP - CP
Loss = CP - SP
Gain% = CP ×100
Gain
Loss% = CP ×100
Loss
To find SP when CP and gain% or loss% is given:
×CP and ×CP
100+ gain % 100−loss %
SP = 100 SP = 100
To find CP when SP and gain% or loss% is given:
CP = 100+ gain % ×SP and CP = 100−loss % ×SP
100 100
Graphs .
Distance between two points:
√❑
Midpoint of two points:
, )
x❑2 + x ❑1 y ❑2+ y ❑1
(
2 2
Gradient when rise and run are given:
rise
run
Gradient when coordinates are given:
y 2− y ❑1
x❑2−x ❑1
Equation of a line when slope and y-intercept are given:
y = mx + b
Equation of a line when coordinates are given:
y 2− y ❑1 y− y ❑1
=
x❑2−x ❑1 x−x ❑1
Statistics .
Mode: highest frequency
Range: difference between the highest value and the lowest value
Median (Ungrouped Data): middle term of the ascending set of values
Median (Grouped Data):
n+1
I. For odd no. of observations: th observation
2
n n
thobservation +( +1)th observation
II. For even no. of observations: 2 2
2
Mean (Ungrouped Data):
∑ of observations
number of observations
∑ fx
Mean (Grouped Data):
∑f
Probability .
P(A) =
¿
Total number of equally likely outcomes =
number of outcomes favorable ¿ the occurence of A
n( A)
n (S)
Sequences .
Tn = a + (n - 1)d
Rotation .
90° Clockwise/270° anti-clockwise - (x ,y) →(y, -x)
90° Anti-clockwise/270° clockwise - (x, y) →(-y, x)
180° - (x, y) → (-x, -y)
