CBSE Class 12 Physics Chapter-Wise Topics

There are a total of 14 class 12 Physics chapters that are included in the latest CBSE Class 12 Physics
Syllabus. The topics to be covered in each chapter are mentioned below in detail.

CBSE Class 12 Physics Chapter 1: Electric Charges and Fields

The topics in this chapter include:

Electric Charges

Conservation of Charge

Coulomb’s Law

Forces between Multiple Charges

Superposition Principle and Continuous Charge Distribution

Electric Field

Electric Field due to a Point Charge

Electric Field Lines

Electric Dipole

Electric Field due to a Dipole

Torque on a Dipole in Uniform Electric Field

Electric Flux

Statement of Gauss’s Theorem

Applications of Gauss’s Theorem

Uniformly Charged infinite Plane Sheet

Uniformly Charged thin Spherical Shell

Important Topics: Questions related to electric dipole moment, electric field, Gauss’s law, and its
applications are frequently asked in the examination.

CBSE Class 12 Physics Chapter 2: Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance

The Class 12 Physics Chapter 2 covers the following topics:

Electric Potential

Potential Difference
Electric Potential due to a Point Charge, a Dipole, and a System of Charges

Equipotential Surfaces

Electrical Potential Energy of a System of Two-Point Charges and Electric Dipole in Electrostatic Field

Conductors and Insulators

Free Charges and Bound Charges inside a Conductor

Dielectrics and Electric Polarization

Capacitors and Capacitance

Combination of Capacitors in Series and Parallel

Capacitance of a Parallel Plate Capacitor with and without Dielectric Medium

Energy Stored in a Capacitor (Only Formula)

Important Topics: Questions related to dielectric constant, energy stored in a capacitor, and the
combination of capacitors in parallel and in series are often asked in the examination.

CBSE Class 12 Physics Chapter 3: Current Electricity

The following are the topics in the CBSE Class 12 Physics Syllabus Chapter 3:

Electric Current

Flow of Electric Charges in a Metallic Conductor

Drift Velocity

Mobility and their Relation with Electric Current

Ohm’s Law

V-I Characteristics (Linear and Non-Linear)

Electrical Energy and Power

Electrical Resistivity and Conductivity

Temperature Dependence of Resistance

Internal Resistance of a Cell

Potential Difference and EMF of a Cell

Combination of Cells in Series and Parallel

Kirchoffs’s Rules

Wheatstone Bridge
Important Topics: Questions related to Ohms’ law and its limitations internal resistance of a cell, potential
difference and emf of a cell, combination of cells in series and parallel, and Kirchhoff’s rules are important
for the board exams.

CBSE Class 12 Physics Chapter 4: Moving Charges and Magnetism

The topics in the Class 12 Physics Chapter 4 are:

Concept of Magnetic Field

Oersted’s Experiment

Bio-Savart Law and its Applications

Ampere’s Law and its Applications

Straight Solenoid

Force on a Moving Charge in Uniform Magnetic and Electric Fields

Force on a Current-Carrying Conductor in Uniform Magnetic Field

Force between Two Parallel Current-Carrying Conductors

Definition of Ampere

Torque Experienced by a Current Loop in Uniform Magnetic Field

Current Loop as a Magnetic Dipole and its Magnetic Dipole Moment

Moving Coil Galvanometer and its Sensitivity

Conversion of Galvanometer to Ammeter and Voltmeter

Important Topics: Questions related to Biot - Savart Law and its application to the current-carrying
circular loop, force on a moving charge in uniform electric and magnetic fields, and torque experienced
by a current loop are generally asked in the board exam.

CBSE Class 12 Physics Chapter 5: Magnetism and Matter

The topics that are included in Chapter 5 of CBSE Class 12 Physics Syllabus 2023-24 are mentioned below:

Bar Magnet

Bar Magnet as an Equivalent Solenoid (Qualitative Treatment)

Magnetic Field Intensity due to Magnetic Dipole along its axis and perpendicular to the axis

Torque on a Magnetic Dipole in Uniform Magnetic Field

Magnetic Field Lines

Magnetic Properties of Materials (Para, Dia, and Ferro)

Magnetic Substances with Examples

Magnetization of Materials

Effect of Temperature on Magnetic Properties

Important Topics: Questions related to bar magnet as an equivalent solenoid, magnetization of materials,
effect of temperature on magnetic properties, and magnetic field intensity due to magnetic dipole are
generally asked in the examination.

CBSE Class 12 Physics Chapter 6: Electromagnetic Induction

The topics in the CBSE Class 12 Physics Chapter 6 are:

Electromagnetic Induction

Faraday’s Law

Induced EMF and Current

Lenz’s Law

Self and Mutual Induction

Important Topics: The important topics of chapter 6 in the Class 12 Physics Syllabus include Faraday’s
laws, induced EMF and current, self and mutual induction, and Lenz’s law.

CBSE Class 12 Physics Chapter 7: Alternating Current

The following are the topics in Class 12 Physics Chapter 7:

Alternating Current

Peak and RMS Value of Alternating Current

Reactance and Impedance

LCR Series Circuit (Phasors Only)

Resonance

Power in AC Circuit

Power Factor

Waltless Current

AC Generator

Transformer
Important Topics: The important topics from Alternating Current are peak and RMS value of alternating
current or voltage, LCR series circuit, resonance, wattless current, power factor, AC generators, and
transformers.

CBSE Class 12 Physics Chapter 8: Electromagnetic Waves

The following topics are covered in Class 12 Physics Chapter 8:

Basic Idea of Displacement Current

Electromagnetic Waves and their Characteristics

Transverse Nature of Electromagnetic Waves

Electromagnetic Spectrum and their Uses

Important Topics: The questions asked from the chapter generally include concepts of displacement
current, characteristics of electromagnetic waves, electromagnetic spectrum, and their uses.

CBSE Class 12 Physics Chapter 9: Ray Optics and Optical Instruments

CBSE Class 12 Physics Syllabus of chapter 9 includes the following:

Ray Optics –

Reflection of Light

Spherical Mirrors

Mirror Formula

Refraction of Light

Total Internal Reflection and Optical Fibers

Refraction at Spherical Surfaces

Lenses

Thin Lens Formula

Lens Maker’s Formula

Magnification

Power of a Lens

Combination of Thin Lenses in Contact

Refraction of Light through Prism

Optical Instruments –

Microscopes and Astronomical Telescopes

Magnifying Powers of these Telescopes

Important Topics: The questions from the chapter deal with spherical mirrors, thin lens formula, lens
maker’s formula, power of a lens, refraction of light through a prism, etc.

CBSE Class 12 Physics Chapter 10: Wave Optics

This chapter includes the following topics:

Wave Front and Huygens Principle

Reflection and Refraction of Plane Wave at a Plane Surface using Wave Fronts

Proof of Laws of Reflection and Refraction using Huygens Principle

Interference

Young’s Double Slit Experiment

Expression of Fringe Width

Coherent Sources and Sustained Interference of Light

Diffraction due to a Single Slit

Width of Central Maxima

Important Topics: The questions from chapter 10 in the Class 12 Physics Syllabus test the concepts of
wave front and Huygens’ principle, interference, reflection, and refraction of plane wave at a plane
surface using wavefronts, Young's double slit experiment, and diffraction due to a single slit, etc.

CBSE Class 12 Physics Chapter 11: Dual Nature of Radiation and Matter

The topics from CBSE Class 12 Physics Chapter 11 include:

Dual Nature of Radiation

Photoelectric Effect

Hertz and Lenard’s Observations

Einstein’s Photoelectric Equation – Particle Nature of Light

Experimental Study of Photoelectric Effect

Matter Waves – Wave Nature of Particles

De-Broglie Relation

Important Topics: The questions from this chapter are generally from the topics photoelectric effect,
Einstien’s photoelectric equation, particle nature of light, De-Broglie relation, and nature of particles.

CBSE Class 12 Physics Chapter 12: Atoms

The topics in this chapter include the following:

Alpha-Particle Scattering Experiment

Rutherford’s Model of Atom

Bohr Model of Hydrogen Atom

Expression for Radius of nth Possible Orbit

Velocity and Energy of Electron in nth Orbit

Hydrogen Line Spectra

Important Topics: The questions in the final exam will be based on the topics alpha-particle scattering
experiment, Bohr model, velocity and energy of electron in orbit of hydrogen line spectra mainly.

CBSE Class 12 Physics Chapter 13: Nuclei

This chapter includes the following topics:

Composition and Size of Nucleus

Nuclear Force

Mass-Energy Relation

Mass Defect

Binding Energy per Nucleon and its Variation with Mass Number

Nuclear Fission

Nuclear Fusion

Important Topics: In this chapter, the main topics for the board exam are mass-energy relation, binding
energy, nuclear fusion, and fission.

CBSE Class 12 Physics Chapter 14: Semiconductor Electronics

Check the topics covered in chapter 14 of CBSE Class 12 Physics Syllabus 2023-24 below:
Energy Bands in Conductors, Semiconductors, and Insulators

Intrinsic and Extrinsic Semiconductors – p and n-type, p-n junction

Semiconductor Diode – I-V Characteristics in Forward and Reverse Bias

Application of Junction of Diode

Diode as a Rectifier

Important Topics: For the final board exam, questions based on energy bands, p and n-type junction, I-V
characteristics, and diode are important.