Paper Title (use style: Title)

Subtitle as needed (Subtitle)

Abstract—This electronic document is a “live” template and already defines the components of your paper [title, text, heads, etc.] in
its style sheet. *CRITICAL: Do Not Use Symbols, Special Characters, or Math in Paper Title or Abstract. (Abstract)

Topic—Proposed topic (Keywords)

I. INTRODUCTION (HEADING 1)

Digests should not exceed five pages, including paper title, figures, and references. The digest should be single column, 1.5
lines spacing, and US letter or A4 sized. The minimum font size is 10 points. Suggested margins for the pages are 0.75 inches top, 1
inch bottom, and 0.625 inches left and right. (Body Text)
This digest template is based on the IEEE Manuscript Templates for Conference Proceedings. The remaining text in this
document is modified from this source.
This template provides authors with most of the formatting specifications needed for preparing electronic versions of their
papers. All standard paper components have been specified for three reasons: (1) ease of use when formatting individual papers, (2)
automatic compliance to electronic requirements that facilitate the concurrent or later production of electronic products, and (3)
conformity of style throughout a conference proceedings. Margins, column widths, line spacing, and type styles are built-in;
examples of the type styles are provided throughout this document and are identified in italic type, within parentheses, following
the example. Some components, such as multi-leveled equations, graphics, and tables are not prescribed, although the various table
text styles are provided. The formatter will need to create these components, incorporating the applicable criteria that follow.

II. EASE OF USE

A. Maintaining the Integrity of the Specifications (Heading 2)

The template is used to format your paper and style the text. All margins, column widths, line spaces, and text fonts are
prescribed; please do not alter them. You may note peculiarities. For example, the head margin in this template measures
proportionately more than is customary. This measurement and others are deliberate, using specifications that anticipate your paper
as one part of the entire proceedings, and not as an independent document. Please do not revise any of the current designations.

III. PREPARE YOUR PAPER BEFORE STYLING

Before you begin to format your paper, first write and save the content as a separate text file. Keep your text and graphic files
separate until after the text has been formatted and styled. Do not use hard tabs, and limit use of hard returns to only one return at
the end of a paragraph. Do not add any kind of pagination anywhere in the paper. Do not number text heads-the template will do
that for you.
Finally, complete content and organizational editing before formatting. Please take note of the following items when
proofreading spelling and grammar:

Identify applicable sponsor/s here. If no sponsors, delete this text box (Sponsors).
A. Abbreviations and Acronyms

Define abbreviations and acronyms the first time they are used in the text, even after they have been defined in the abstract.
Abbreviations such as IEEE, SI, MKS, CGS, sc, dc, and rms do not have to be defined. Do not use abbreviations in the title or
heads unless they are unavoidable.

B. Units

 Use either SI (MKS) or CGS as primary units. (SI units are encouraged.) English units may be used as secondary units (in
parentheses). An exception would be the use of English units as identifiers in trade, such as “3.5-inch disk drive”.
 Avoid combining SI and CGS units, such as current in amperes and magnetic field in oersteds. This often leads to confusion
because equations do not balance dimensionally. If you must use mixed units, clearly state the units for each quantity that
you use in an equation.
 Do not mix complete spellings and abbreviations of units: “Wb/m2” or “webers per square meter”, not “webers/m2”. Spell
out units when they appear in text: “. . . a few henries”, not “. . . a few H”.
 Use a zero before decimal points: “0.25”, not “.25”. Use “cm3”, not “cc”. (Bullet List)

C. Equations

The equations are an exception to the prescribed specifications of this template. You will need to determine whether or not your
equation should be typed using either the Times New Roman or the Symbol font (please no other font). To create multileveled
equations, it may be necessary to treat the equation as a graphic and insert it into the text after your paper is styled.
Number equations consecutively. Equation numbers, within parentheses, are to position flush right, as in (1), using a right tab
stop. To make your equations more compact, you may use the solidus ( / ), the exp function, or appropriate exponents. Italicize
Roman symbols for quantities and variables, but not Greek symbols. Use a long dash rather than a hyphen for a minus sign.
Punctuate equations with commas or periods when they are part of a sentence, as in

dωrm
J =T e−T L
dt . (Equation) (1)

Note that the equation is centered using a center tab stop. Be sure that the symbols in your equation have been defined before or
immediately following the equation. Use “(1)”, not “Eq. (1)” or “equation (1)”, except at the beginning of a sentence: “Equation (1)
is . . .”

D. Some Common Mistakes

 The word “data” is plural, not singular.

 The subscript for the permeability of vacuum 0, and other common scientific constants, is zero with subscript formatting,
not a lowercase letter “o”.
 In American English, commas, semi-/colons, periods, question and exclamation marks are located within quotation marks
only when a complete thought or name is cited, such as a title or full quotation. When quotation marks are used, instead of a
bold or italic typeface, to highlight a word or phrase, punctuation should appear outside of the quotation marks. A
 parenthetical phrase or statement at the end of a sentence is punctuated outside of the closing parenthesis (like this). (A
parenthetical sentence is punctuated within the parentheses.)
 A graph within a graph is an “inset”, not an “insert”. The word alternatively is preferred to the word “alternately” (unless
you really mean something that alternates).
 Do not use the word “essentially” to mean “approximately” or “effectively”.
 In your paper title, if the words “that uses” can accurately replace the word “using”, capitalize the “u”; if not, keep using
lower-cased.
 Be aware of the different meanings of the homophones “affect” and “effect”, “complement” and “compliment”, “discreet”
and “discrete”, “principal” and “principle”.
 Do not confuse “imply” and “infer”.
 The prefix “non” is not a word; it should be joined to the word it modifies, usually without a hyphen.
 There is no period after the “et” in the Latin abbreviation “et al.”.
 The abbreviation “i.e.” means “that is”, and the abbreviation “e.g.” means “for example”.
An excellent style manual for science writers is [7].

IV. USING THE TEMPLATE

After the text edit has been completed, the paper is ready for the template. Duplicate the template file by using the Save As
command, and use the naming convention prescribed by your conference for the name of your paper. In this newly created file,
highlight all of the contents and import your prepared text file. You are now ready to style your paper; use the scroll down window
on the left of the MS Word Formatting toolbar.

A. Identify the Headings

Headings, or heads, are organizational devices that guide the reader through your paper. There are two types: component heads
and text heads.
Component heads identify the different components of your paper and are not topically subordinate to each other. Examples
include Acknowledgments and References and, for these, the correct style to use is “Heading 1 (No Number)”. Use “Figure
Caption” for your figure captions, and “Table Cead” for your table captions. Run-in heads, such as “Abstract”, will require you to
apply a style (in this case, italic) in addition to the style provided by the drop down menu to differentiate the head from the text.
Text heads organize the topics on a relational, hierarchical basis. For example, the paper title is the primary text head because all
subsequent material relates and elaborates on this one topic. If there are two or more sub-topics, the next level head (uppercase
Roman numerals) should be used and, conversely, if there are not at least two sub-topics, then no subheads should be introduced.
Styles named “Heading 1”, “Heading 2”, “Heading 3”, and “Heading 4” are prescribed.
 B.
TABLE I. TABLE TYPE STYLES (TABLE CAPTION)

Table Table Column Head

Head Table column subhead Subhead Subhead
copy More table copya
a.
Sample of a table footnote. (Table Footnote)

Fig. 1. Example of a figure caption. (Figure Caption)

Figures and Tables

a) Positioning Figures and Tables: Place figures and tables at the top and bottom of columns. Avoid placing them in the
middle of columns. Large figures and tables may span across both columns. Figure captions should be below the figures; table
heads should appear above the tables. Insert figures and tables after they are cited in the text. Use the abbreviation “Fig. 1”, even
at the beginning of a sentence.
We suggest that you use a text box to insert a graphic (which is ideally a 300 dpi TIFF or EPS file, with all fonts embedded)
because, in an MSW document, this method is somewhat more stable than directly inserting a picture.
To have non-visible rules on your frame, use the MSWord “Format” pull-down menu, select Text Box > Colors and Lines to
choose No Fill and No Line.
Figure Labels: Use 8 point Times New Roman for Figure labels. Use words rather than symbols or abbreviations when writing
Figure axis labels to avoid confusing the reader. As an example, write the quantity “Magnetization”, or “Magnetization, M”, not
just “M”. If including units in the label, present them within parentheses. Do not label axes only with units. In the example, write
“Magnetization (A/m)” or “Magnetization {A[m(1)]}”, not just “A/m”. Do not label axes with a ratio of quantities and units. For
example, write “Temperature (K)”, not “Temperature/K”.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT (HEADING 1 (NO NUMBER))

The preferred spelling of the word “acknowledgment” in America is without an “e” after the “g”. Avoid the stilted expression
“one of us (R. B. G.) thanks ...”. Instead, try “R. B. G. thanks...”. Put sponsor acknowledgments in the unnumbered footnote on the
first page.

REFERENCES

The template will number citations consecutively within brackets [1]. The sentence punctuation follows the bracket [2]. Refer
simply to the reference number, as in [3]—do not use “Ref. [3]” or “reference [3]” except at the beginning of a sentence:
“Reference [3] was the first ...”
Number footnotes separately in superscripts. Place the actual footnote at the bottom of the column in which it was cited. Do not
put footnotes in the reference list. Use letters for table footnotes.
Papers that have not been published, even if they have been submitted for publication, should be cited as “unpublished” [4].
Papers that have been accepted for publication should be cited as “in press” [5]. Capitalize only the first word in a paper title,
except for proper nouns and element symbols.
 For papers published in translation journals, please give the English citation first, followed by the original foreign-language
citation [6].
[1] G. Eason, B. Noble, and I. N. Sneddon, “On certain integrals of Lipschitz-Hankel type involving products of Bessel functions,” Phil. Trans. Roy. Soc.
London, vol. A247, pp. 529–551, April 1955. (References)
[2] J. Clerk Maxwell, A Treatise on Electricity and Magnetism, 3rd ed., vol. 2. Oxford: Clarendon, 1892, pp.68–73.
[3] I. S. Jacobs and C. P. Bean, “Fine particles, thin films and exchange anisotropy,” in Magnetism, vol. III, G. T. Rado and H. Suhl, Eds. New York: Academic,
1963, pp. 271–350.
[4] K. Elissa, “Title of paper if known,” unpublished.
[5] R. Nicole, “Title of paper with only first word capitalized,” J. Name Stand. Abbrev., in press.
[6] Y. Yorozu, M. Hirano, K. Oka, and Y. Tagawa, “Electron spectroscopy studies on magneto-optical media and plastic substrate interface,” IEEE Transl. J.
Magn. Japan, vol. 2, pp. 740–741, August 1987 [Digests 9th Annual Conf. Magnetics Japan, p. 301, 1982].
[7] M. Young, The Technical Writer’s Handbook. Mill Valley, CA: University Science, 1989.