ax oro pat deere, the pha dterence » 2 Phase diference | 8 = Ew = 2 Bs pundifecncg ‘ANALYTICAL TREATMENT OP INTERFERENCE “Consher 4 moncchromaticwouce of light 5 emiting Waves Of wave engin hand two narow pinioks A and B (Fig. 83). A and B ate su Aisin from Sand act a two vital cobeent sources. Leta be the Spe ofthe waves. The phase diference between the two) waves reaching the pia P. at any instant, i 8 tH 15, andy, ae the spacemens 3,2 asin(or #8) yey ty, = asnwr + asin(wr + 8) ye asingt + asineotcon8 + acosersind # asinr(l + cos8) + acosorsinds Toking —a( + cos8) = Row “ so sind = Rsin 4) y= Rsinetcoed + Reowarsin® y= Rsin(or + 9) iy which represents the equation of sige ron vba of amps Squaring (9 and (#) and ain, Risin D+ ROO = af sin'S + 2 (N+ cond)? serene 2 o Bn alsin’d + a (L 4.088 + 20058) Rn ahsin' + + ceow'8 + Dated =e + 2a es8 = UP + 088) a Ba w2eatS = acon’? ‘The itersity at apoio is piven by the square ofthe ampiude tak ean 8 or 1 = aatcas' im \ Special eases + (When the phase diference 8=0,25, 2029, UR, oF the pth difeence v= OL, 2h. Inunsiy it masinun wen the phase diference sa whole nunker rutile of 2 othe path ilerence a woe mumber alle of wave Tena (Go When the phase dterence, 8.» m3... (Qn + 1) % othe pth x as x ane nd diteence tno Intenty is minimum when the pat difference isan ot number ‘of hall wavelength energy distribution From eqtion (0) i four tht te tently a bight pont sa" and at dark point te sero. Accong © the law of conservation af energy the energy canot be destoyal. Hee tlso the energy i not dese but only antes fom the points of nim intensity to the pots of makina intensity. Fe, 8 Sight NEy A Testo of Opes ints, the intensity due tothe two waves should be 2a but stay i FhkaY As shown in Fg. BAe Intensity varies fem 0 0 4, and the ‘erage is ill 22 It egal 0 the uniform intensity 2° which wil be resent inthe absence of the itererence phenomenon dve 10 the 0 trove Therefore, te formation of nereence finges isin acorns wih the la of conservation of every \§4C THEORY OF INTERFERENCE FRINGES A Coes 8 warow ocho sic Sand wo pies Nand causa oS Aan Bet sw coer sores spray Snaps dt a scen be peed sds Drom the eberet Fe 8s soures The pont Com the ten is eqiistant fom A and 8, Therefor, the path dileeac betwen the two waves zero. Ts he pint Chas ‘mane intensity ‘Coase a point Pata distance x froin C. The waves reach at he ont P fom A ad B. 4 4 y. a|p4(xe4) |}oo(x-$ conan =[or( x8) [or 4)] (ar =a» ad BP-AP = py ab ox ar =A? =D. cxroinsy er a © Phase ditfeence = 3(8) erence 21s Gj Beght fringes 1 he ph diference is a whole uber mutiple ot wavelength A, the polar PIs bright na sey ond where ne O123 aD o roth wu “This equation gives the distances of he eight enges frm the pit ANG, the path difeence is nero and bight fringe is formed. D Wren Ie al iS eel d ‘Thetfoe the distance between any two consectve bight ines AD AD 2D AD_&D 2p ry (a) Dark fringes. If he path dference i ant number mule of halt wavelength the point P is dark. — aw » wheres “= cansy wheren = 0.1.2.3 = nena fe n 0) “Tis egunton gives the dunes ofthe rk inges fom te poi C. Wen, nea y= Mh n=? wdA Testo of Opes @ R= 900A or 680% 10"* mm AD Psa Da, 6900 10-4 100318067 Be RUST x Bx20 B = 001976 cm cy d= 5080 A, = 5890310 em ' B-sanay, = fp = $8902 10-4 100% 180.7 Example 813. A biprim is placed ato distance of 5 cm i front fa narrow sli, iainated by sodium light (= $890°% 10°" ce) and ‘the distance between the vrual source fund 1) be 0.05 cm Find he wth ofthe fringes observed in am eyepiece placed a a dsonce of 3 em From the bir (ire 198) Here Rew 5890510" em, d = 005 em 5475 = tom AD $890%10-+x0 ¢ ‘00s B= 9426310" em Example 814. ta biprsm experimen the exepiece was placed et «distance of 120.2 from the source. The dtnceBeoveen the wo ita Sources wes found vo Be 0.075 em. Fad the movelenth of light of the source if the eyepiece as 10 be moved through a distance 1888 cm for 20 finger to cris the field of view Here, n= 00 Te 1888 om Fringe width p= f= LSE ory oD = 0075 em, B= 120 em erence ~» jw BE. La ors ea) 900 A Example 8. 15. on experiment wit Frenl’biprim,finges for light of wavelength 5% 10° co ae observed 0.2 tan dart a dance (of 175 em fom the prism The prism e made of pass offre tndet 4130 and it sata distance of 25 em from th Uminced sit. Caleudte the angle tthe verte of the Biprism: = $900% 10°F om Here y= 25em, 3, = 178 em B= 02 mm = 002 em dm $107 om we Lo 0 Bu o « From eqations (i) and (i) 22 2-Day, Ato Dany dor) Sy? -20-n0.>, 7 : 5x10" 954179) 2xO0R(LS~25 ‘The vertex ange @ = (2a) radian = (004) radian on urar Example 8.16. Calalte the separation between the coherent sources fomed bya prism whos inclined faces mae ales of! detee ith ts ase. The si source is 20 om ancy from the prism ond of the biriom mateal = 15.