Starter
How many of these circle terms could you
define?
centre diameter radius
circumference chord arc
segment sector tangent
4.6 – Circle Properties
4.6 – Circle properties
Circles – Terminology
Circles – Terminology
Circles – Terminology
Circles – Terminology
Circles – Terminology
Circles – Terminology
Circles – Terminology
Circles – Terminology
Circles – Terminology
Circle theorems
Circle theorems
Theorem 1: The angle subtended by an arc at the centre
of a circle is twice the angle at the circumference.
Circle theorems
Theorem 1: The angle subtended by an arc at the centre
of a circle is twice the angle at the circumference.
y y
x x
In both these pictures, the theorem tells us that
𝑥 = 2𝑦
Circle theorems
Theorem 2: The angle subtended at the circumference
by a diameter is a right angle.
Circle theorems
Theorem 2: The angle subtended at the circumference
by a diameter is a right angle.
If this is a point on …then this is a right
the circumference angle.
…and this is a diameter…
Circle theorems
Extension: What can you say about the
angles at P1 and P2? Be sure to give a
reason for your answer.
Starter
10 cm
24 cm
What is the radius of this circle? Be sure to give a reason for your
answer.
1
radius = 242 + 102 = 13 cm
2
(angle in a semicircle is a right angle)
right angle
Starter
10 cm
24 cm
What is the radius of this circle? Be sure to give a reason for your
answer.
1
radius = 242 + 102 = 13 cm
2
(angle in a semicircle is a right angle)
Circle theorems
What can you say about the angles at P1 and
P2? Be sure to give a reason for your
answer.
Circle theorems
Angle at P1 = Angle at P2
(follows from Theorem 1)
Circle theorems
Theorem 3: Angles in the same segment at the
circumference are equal.
Circle theorems
Theorem 3: Angles in the same segment at the
circumference are equal.
y x=y
x
B
A
Circle theorems
Now try the questions on Practice Sheet 1
Circle theorems
Circle theorems
Theorem 4: The sum of the opposite angles of a cyclic
quadrilateral is 180°.
Circle theorems
Theorem 4: The sum of the opposite angles of a cyclic
quadrilateral is 180°.
Circle theorems
Two facts about tangents:
Tangent Fact 1
Circle theorems
Two facts about tangents:
Tangent Fact 1
Circle theorems
Two facts about tangents:
Tangent Fact 2
Tangents drawn from an external point to a circle are equal.
Circle theorems
Two facts about tangents:
Tangent Fact 2
Tangents drawn from an external point to a circle are equal.
PT = PS
Circle theorems
Theorem 5 (The Alternate Segment Theorem): The angle
between a tangent and a chord is equal to the angle in
the alternate segment.
Circle theorems
Theorem 5 (The Alternate Segment Theorem): The angle
between a tangent and a chord is equal to the angle in
the alternate segment.
tangent
alternate x
segment
x=y
y
chord
Circle theorems
Now try the questions on Practice Sheet 2
Circle theorems
Intersecting chord property 1 (internal intersection)
Circle theorems
Intersecting chord property 1 (internal intersection)
𝑎𝑏 = 𝑐𝑑
i.e., 𝑎 × 𝑏 = 𝑐 × 𝑑
Circle theorems
Intersecting chord property 2 (external intersection)
Circle theorems
Intersecting chord property 2 (external intersection)
𝑎(𝑎 + 𝑏) = 𝑐(𝑐 + 𝑑)
i.e., 𝑎 × (𝑎 + 𝑏) = 𝑐 × (𝑐 + 𝑑)
Circle theorems
Now try the questions on Practice Sheets 3 and 4
