Lesson 1 – Introduction to Media and Information Literacy

Communication – process of sharing and conveying messages or information from one person to
another within and across channels, contexts, media, and cultures (McCornack, 2014)

Two Classification of Communication

1. Verbal – an interaction in which words are used to relay a message through speech or with the use of
voice.

2. Non-verbal communication – an interaction where behavior is used to convey and represent

meanings.

The process of communication – is when a speaker will give an intention to give an information in a form
of a message then be transmitted thru a channel which is a medium or channel, once the speaker has
decided to transmit the message it will then be received by the receiver.

Information – processed data and/or knowledge derived from study, experience, instruction, signals, or
symbols.

Media – Channels or ways we use to transmit or communicate messages; communication tools

Technology – Application of scientific knowledge to the practical aims of human life or to change and
manipulate the human environment

Literacy – the ability to identify, understand, interpret, create, communicate, and compute using printed
and written materials associated with varying contexts (UNESCO, 2004; 2017.

 Involves the skills of reading and writing

 A “literate person” is someone who knows how to read and write
 Involves a continuum of learning in enabling individuals to achieve their goals, to develop
their knowledge and potential, and to participate fully in their community and wider society.
 Does not end in knowing how to read and write.

Literacy must help us become better members of the society (how do we do that) according to
UNESCO, literacy must enable individuals to:

1. Achieve their goals

2. to develop the knowledge and potential that they already have

3. to become only participative in the community in the wider society

Information Literacy – ability to recognize when information is needed and to locate, evaluate,
effectively use, and communicate information in its various formats.

Media Literacy – ability to access, analyze, evaluate, and communicate information in a variety of forms,
including print and non-print message; ability to synthesize and produce mediated messages.

 How well do we understand information that is presented to us in different mediums or

formats.

Technology Literacy – skills to responsibly use appropriate technology to access, synthesize, evaluate,
communicate, and create information to solve problems and improve learning in all subject areas.

- knowledge how to operate the gadgets and maximize its purpose.

Media and Information Literacy – combination of knowledge, attitudes, skills, and practices required to
access, analyze, evaluate, use, produce, and communicate information and knowledge in creative, legal
and ethical ways that respect human rights.

- It is a set of competencies to search, critically evaluate, use, and contribute information and
media content wisely; knowledge of one’s rights online; understanding how to combat online hate
speech and cyberbullying; understanding of the ethical issues surrounding the access and use of
information; and engage with media and ICT’s to promote equally, free expression,
intercultural/interreligious dialogue, peace, etc. (UNESCO, 2016)

Objectives of MIL

- give people an understanding of the importance of media and other information providers in
order to:

- make informed decisions

- learn about the world around them

- build a sense of community

- Maintain public discourse

- engage in lifelong learning

 Lesson 2 The Evolution of Media (Traditional to New Media)

Media – channels or ways we use to transmit or communicate messages; communication tools.

Why is Media so important?

- media fulfills several roles in society, including the following:

1. entertaining and providing an outlet for the imagination

2. educating and informing

3. serving as a public forum for the discussion of important issues

4. acting as watchdog for government, business, and other institutions

4 Critical Time Periods wherein Media evolved and flourished:

1. PRE-INDUSTRIAL AGE (Before 1700’s)

 People discovered fire, developed paper from plants, and forged weapons and tools with
stone, bronze, copper and iron.
 They have very limited resources
 Medias during this time:
Cave paintings (pictographs and petroglyphs), Papyrus in Egypt (2500 BC), Clay
Tablets in Mesopotamia (2400 BC), Acta Diurna in Roma (the first newspaper, 130
BC), Dibao in China (2nd Century), Codex in the Mayan Region (5 th Century), Printing
press using wood blocks (220 AD),

2. INDUSTRIAL AGE (1700s – 1930s)

 People used the power of steam, developed machine tools, established iron production,
and the manufacturing of various products.
 Medias during this time:
Printing Press for mass production (19 th Century), Newspaper Production
(1600’s), Typewriter (1800), Telegraph (1840’s), Telephone (1876), Motion
Picture (1890), Sound Films (1894), Punch Cards (1890’s-1930’s)

3. ELECTRONIC AGE (1930’s – 1980’s)

 The invention of the transistor ushered in the electronic age. People harnessed the
power of transistors.
 Media during this time:
 Transistor Radio (1950’s), Commercial TV (1940’’s), Large Electronic Computers
(EDSAC and UNIVAC), Mainframe Computers (1960’s), Personal Computers (late 1960’s),
Overhead Projectors (late 1950’s)

4. INFORMATION AGE (mid 1900’s – 2000’s)

 The internet paved the way for faster communication and the creation of the social
network.
 The very first web browser was called WorldWideWeb
 Examples of popular web browsers are: Internet Explorer, Opera, Mozilla Firefox and
Google Chrome
 Examples of Search Engines: Google Search, Yahoo Search and Bing
 There was also the rise of using blogging sites. Example: Blogger, Wordpress
 Social Networks allow us to connect to the people Examples; Facebook, LinkedIn
 Microblogging Sites: Twitter, Tumblr, Plurk
 Phot and Video Sharing Websites: Flickr, Vimeo, Youtube, Pinterest, Instagram,
Snapchat, Tiktok
 Instant Messaging and Video Conferencing: Skype, WhatsApp, Viber, Facebook
Messenger, Zoom, Telegram, Google Meet
 Portable Computers: Laptop, Tablet, Netbook
 Mobile Phones: Portable Phone, Handset, Camera Phone, 3g Phone, Touchscreen
Phone, Smartphone
 Wearable Technology: Calculator watch, Walkman, smartwatch, wireless earbuds
 Cloud and Big Data: Dropbox, OneDrive, iCloud, Google Drive