Test Bank #1

Chapter 4
The Brain and Behavior

Multiple-Choice Questions

1. The basic building blocks of the nervous system are specialized cells called:
a. neurons.
b. endorphins.
c. hormones.
d. T-cells.
Answer: a
Book: Passer
Difficulty: Low
Page: 97
Style: Knowledge
Topic: Brain and Behavior
APA Goal: 1.2

2. The nucleus of the neuron and the biochemical structures needed for cell survival are contained in:
a. the axon.
b. the cell body.
c. the dendrites.
d. the myelin sheath.
Answer: b
Book: Passer
Difficulty: Low
Page: 97
Style: Knowledge
Topic: Brain and Behavior
APA Goal: 1.2

3. Branchlike fibers called __________ collect messages from adjacent neurons and pass them along
to the cell body of the receiving neuron.
a. axons
b. glial cells
c. dendrites
d. neurotransmitters
Answer: c
Book: Passer
Difficulty: Low
Page: 97
Style: Knowledge
Topic: Brain and Behavior
APA Goal: 1.2

4. The function of the axon is to:

a. surround the neurons and hold them in place.
b. speed up the transmission of electrical impulses.
c. receive chemical messages from neighboring neurons.
d. transmit electrical messages from the cell body to muscles, glands, or other neurons.
Answer: d
Book: Passer
Difficulty: Low

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 Page: 97
Style: Knowledge
Topic: Brain and Behavior
APA Goal: 1.2

5. The presence of many branches (several hundred in some cases) on the axons called ___________
makes it possible for a single neuron to connect to the dendrites of as many as 50,000 other
neurons.
a. cell bodies
b. dendrites
c. axon terminals
d. glial cells
Answer: c
Book: Passer
Difficulty: Low
Page: 97
Style: Knowledge
Topic: Brain and Behavior
APA Goal: 1.2

6. Which two structural features of the neuron make the trillions of connections in the brain possible?
a. the cell body and the axon
b. the axon and the dendrites
c. the cell body and the dendrites
d. the axon and the myelin sheath
Answer: b
Book: Passer
Difficulty: Low
Page: 97
Style: Comprehension
Topic: Brain and Behavior
APA Goal: 1.2

7. One of the functions of _____________ is to surround neurons and hold them in place.
a. axons
b. axon terminals
c. glial cells
d. the myelin sheath
Answer: c
Book: Passer
Difficulty: Low
Page: 97
Style: Knowledge
Topic: Brain and Behavior
APA Goal: 1.2

8. One of the functions of glial cells is to:

a. increase the presence of positive ions inside the cell body.
b. absorb toxins that might damage neurons.
c. increase the speed of the neural impulses.
d. produce essential neurotransmitters.
Answer: b
Book: Passer
Difficulty: Low
Page: 97
Style: Knowledge

2
 Topic: Brain and Behavior
APA Goal: 1.2

9. Which of the following statements regarding the nervous system is TRUE?

a. Glial cells outnumber neurons about 10 to 1.
b. Glial cells outnumber neurons about 1,000 to 1.
c. Neurons outnumber glial cells about 10 to 1.
d. Neurons outnumber glial cells about 1,000 to 1.
Answer: a
Book: Passer
Difficulty: Medium
Page: 97
Style: Knowledge
Topic: Brain and Behavior
APA Goal: 1.2

10. Which of the following household items has a function that is most similar to the dendrites of a
neuron?
a. an answering machine
b. a garage door opener
c. a screen on a window
d. a toaster
Answer: a
Book: Passer
Difficulty: Low
Page: 97
Style: Comprehension
Topic: Brain and Behavior
APA Goal: 1.2

11. Which of the following is most similar to the function of the axon of a neuron?
a. a garbage collector picking up your trash
b. a plumber unclogging a drain in your kitchen sink
c. a contractor building a new addition on your house
d. a postal worker picking up and sending a letter you have written
Answer: d
Book: Passer
Difficulty: Medium
Page: 97
Style: Comprehension
Topic: Brain and Behavior
APA Goal: 1.2

12. Axon is to dendrite as:

a. anion is to graded potential.
b. send is to receive.
c. polarize is to depolarize.
d. resting potential is to action potential.
Answer: b
Book: Passer
Difficulty: Low
Page: 97
Style: Comprehension
Topic: Brain and Behavior
APA Goal: 1.2

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13. The overall charge inside a resting neuron:
a. is positive.
b. is neutral.
c. is negative.
d. can’t be determined without more information.
Answer: c
Book: Passer
Difficulty: Low
Page: 98
Style: Knowledge
Topic: Brain and Behavior
APA Goal: 1.2

14. The resting potential of a typical neuron is:

a. –70 volts.
b. –70 millivolts.
c. –7 millivolts.
d. 70 millivolts.
Answer: b
Book: Passer
Difficulty: Low
Page: 98
Style: Knowledge
Topic: Brain and Behavior
APA Goal: 1.2

15. The resting potential of the typical neuron is determined by:

a. extra negative ions on the outside of the neuron and extra neutral ions on the inside of the
neuron.
b. extra positive ions on the inside of the neuron and extra neutral ions on the inside of the
neuron.
c. extra positive ions on the inside of the neuron and extra negative ions on the outside of the
neuron.
d. extra positive ions on the outside of the neuron and extra negative ions on the inside of the
neuron.
Answer: d
Book: Passer
Difficulty: Medium
Page: 98
Style: Knowledge
Topic: Brain and Behavior
APA Goal: 1.2

16. The rapid shift of the neuron’s electrical potential from –70 millivolts to +40 millivolts is called:
a. polarization.
b. an action potential.
c. a resting potential.
d. hyperpolarization.
Answer: b
Book: Passer
Difficulty: Low
Page: 98
Style: Knowledge
Topic: Brain and Behavior
APA Goal: 1.2

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17. Small changes in the electrical potential of a neuron that do not cause the neuron to fire are called:
a. resting potentials.
b. action potentials.
c. graded potentials.
d. polarized potentials.
Answer: c
Book: Passer
Difficulty: Low
Page: 98
Style: Knowledge
Topic: Brain and Behavior
APA Goal: 1

18. The action potential threshold in most neurons is:

a. –70 millivolts.
b. –50 millivolts.
c. –40 millivolts.
d. +40 millivolts.
Answer: b
Book: Passer
Difficulty: Low
Page: 98
Style: Knowledge
Topic: Brain and Behavior
APA Goal: 1.2

19. When a neuron is stimulated, tiny protein structures embedded in the cell membrane called
_____________ are activated and pump specific ions back and forth, thus changing the overall
potential of the neuron.
a. ion channels
b. action potentials
c. neurotransmitters
d. glial cells
Answer: a
Book: Passer
Difficulty: Low
Page: 98
Style: Knowledge
Topic: Brain and Behavior
APA Goal: 1.2

20. Shortly after a neural impulse has been triggered, a(n) ____________ occurs where, for a brief
period of time, the neuron is not excitable and cannot fire another impulse.
a. action potential
b. graded potential erkeklerde boşaldıktan sonra bir süre erekte olamadıkları period
c. refractory period
d. depolarization
Answer: c
Book: Passer
Difficulty: Low
Page: 98
Style: Knowledge
Topic: Brain and Behavior
APA Goal: 1.2

21. The action potential is most similar to:

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 a. a car that can drive at different speeds.
b. a toilet that either flushes or doesn’t.
c. a television that has many different channels.
d. an adjustable light with a dimmer switch.
Answer: b
Book: Passer
Difficulty: Medium
Page: 98
Style: Comprehension
Topic: Brain and Behavior
APA Goal: 1.2

22. The power button on your stereo that can either be on or off is most similar to which aspect of the
neuron?
a. the action potential
b. graded potentials
c. the resting potential
d. hyperpolarization
Answer: a
Book: Passer
Difficulty: Low
Page: 98
Style: Comprehension
Topic: Brain and Behavior
APA Goal: 1.2

23. The gaps between segments of myelin sheath that occur at regular intervals are called:
a. synapses.
b. dendrites.
c. fissures.
d. nodes of Ranvier.
Answer: d
Book: Passer
Difficulty: Low
Page: 99
Style: Knowledge
Topic: Brain and Behavior
APA Goal: 1.2

24. What is the effect of the myelin sheath on the conduction of neural impulses?
a. Myelin sheaths decrease the speed of electrical conduction.
b. Myelin sheaths increase the speed of electrical conduction.
c. Myelin sheaths have no effect on the speed of electrical conduction.
d. Myelin sheaths are responsible for the refractory period after a neuron has fired.
Answer: b
Book: Passer
Difficulty: Medium
Page: 99
Style: Knowledge
Topic: Brain and Behavior
APA Goal: 1.2
MS hastalığı
25. Multiple sclerosis occurs when a person’s own immune system specifically attacks which of the
following?
a. the dendrites
b. the glial cells

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 c. the myelin sheath
d. the ion channels
Answer: c
Book: Passer
Difficulty: Low
Page: 99-100
Style: Knowledge
Topic: Brain and Behavior
APA Goal: 1.2

26. Adriane suffers from a disease that causes her movements to be jerky and uncoordinated. Her
disease has most likely damaged which part of the neuron?
a. the axon
b. the synaptic vesicles
c. the dendrites
d. the myelin
Answer: d
Book: Passer
Difficulty: Low
Page: 100
Style: Comprehension
Topic: Brain and Behavior
APA Goal: 1.2

27. In terms of the speeds of neural communication, comparing an axon with myelin to an axon
without myelin is most like comparing:
a. a race car to a bicycle.
b. a telephone to a cheese slicer.
c. electricity to natural gas.
d. a doctor to a lawyer.
Answer: a
Book: Passer
Difficulty: Low
Page: 99-100
Style: Comprehension
Topic: Brain and Behavior
APA Goal: 1.2

28. Neurons produce ____________, which are chemical substances that carry messages across the
synapse to the other neurons.
a. neurotransmitters
b. action potentials
c. graded potentials
d. hormones
Answer: a
Book: Passer
Difficulty: Low
Page: 100
Style: Knowledge
Topic: Brain and Behavior
APA Goal: 1.2

29. The synapse is a tiny gap between:

a. the nucleus and the axon.
b. the axon terminal and the next neuron.
c. the cell body and the dendrites.

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 d. segments of myelin sheath.
Answer: b
Book: Passer
Difficulty: Low
Page: 100
Style: Knowledge
Topic: Brain and Behavior
APA Goal: 1.2

30. In the _________ stage of the chemical communication process, neurotransmitters attach
themselves to receptor sites on the postsynaptic neurons.
a. synthesis
b. storage
c. release
d. binding
Answer: d
Book: Passer
Difficulty: Low
Page: 100
Style: Knowledge
Topic: Brain and Behavior
APA Goal: 1.2

31. Neurotransmitters that increase the postsynaptic neuron’s negative potential are called:
a. excitatory transmitters.
b. inhibitory transmitters.
c. receptor sites.
d. synaptic vesicles.
Answer: b
Book: Passer
Difficulty: Low
Page: 100
Style: Knowledge
Topic: Brain and Behavior
APA Goal: 1.2

32. When the resting potential of a neuron becomes more positive (e.g., goes from –70 millivolts to
–63 millivolts), this is referred to as:
a. inhibition.
b. depolarization.
c. hyperpolarization.
d. an action potential.
Answer: b
Book: Passer
Difficulty: Low
Page: 100
Style: Knowledge
Topic: Brain and Behavior
APA Goal: 1.2

33. Neurotransmitters that increase the negative potential of a neuron are specifically called:
a. excitatory neurotransmitters.
b. inhibitory neurotransmitters.
c. graded potentials.
d. action potentials.
Answer: b

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 Book: Passer
Difficulty: Low
Page: 100
Style: Knowledge
Topic: Brain and Behavior
APA Goal: 1.2

34. The process in which neurotransmitters are deactivated when they are taken back into the
presynaptic axon terminal is called:
a. restoring.
b. regeneration.
c. recycling.
d. reuptake.
Answer: d
Book: Passer
Difficulty: Low
Page: 100
Style: Knowledge
Topic: Brain and Behavior
APA Goal: 1.2

35. In addition to reuptake, neurotransmitters can also be deactivated by:

a. chemicals in the synapse that break them down into their chemical components.
b. being taken back into the axon terminal of the presynaptic neuron.
c. being taken back into the axon terminal of the postsynaptic neuron.
d. being absorbed in the myelin sheath.
Answer: a
Book: Passer
Difficulty: Medium
Page: 100
Style: Knowledge
Topic: Brain and Behavior
APA Goal: 1.2

36. Acetylcholine (ACh) is known to be involved in:

a. mood, eating, and sexual behavior.
b. disordered thinking and emotions.
c. reducing pain.
d. memory and muscle activity.
Answer: d
Book: Passer
Difficulty: Low
Page: 101
Style: Knowledge
Topic: Brain and Behavior
APA Goal: 1.2

37. ____________ is thought to be caused by low amounts of the neurotransmitter ____________.

a. Parkinson’s disease; serotonin
b. Alzheimer’s disease; acetylcholine
c. Schizophrenia; dopamine
d. Huntington’s disease; norepinephrine
Answer: b
Book: Passer
Difficulty: Low
Page: 101

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 Style: Knowledge
Topic: Brain and Behavior
APA Goal: 1.2

38. Endorphins are the best-known example of ____________, which has a more generalized and
widespread influence on synaptic transmission.
a. a neurotransmitter
b. a neuromodulator
c. a graded potential
d. a hormone
Answer: b
Book: Passer
Difficulty: Low
Page: 102
Style: Knowledge
Topic: Brain and Behavior
APA Goal: 1.2

39. The cosmetic known as Botox affects the functioning of which of the following neurotransmitters?
a. serotonin
b. dopamine
c. acetylcholine
d. epinephrine
Answer: c
Book: Passer
Difficulty: Medium
Page: 101
Style: Knowledge
Topic: Brain and Behavior
APA Goal: 1.2

40. By definition, an agonist is a drug that:

a. causes action potentials to be generated.
b. causes a neuron to be hyperpolarized.
c. increases the effect of a neurotransmitter.
d. has a widespread influence on synaptic transmission.
Answer: c
Book: Passer
Difficulty: Low
Page: 102
Style: Knowledge
Topic: Brain and Behavior
APA Goal: 1.2

41. A(n) ____________ is any drug that inhibits or decreases the effect of a neurotransmitter.
a. antagonist
b. antigen
c. agonist
d. neuromodulator
Answer: a
Book: Passer
Difficulty: Low
Page: 103
Style: Knowledge
Topic: Brain and Behavior
APA Goal: 1.2

10
42. Agonist is to antagonist as:
a. help is to assist
b. decrease is to increase
c. facilitate is to hinder
d. hinder is to impede
Answer: c
Book: Passer
Difficulty: Medium
Page: 103
Style: Comprehension
Topic: Brain and Behavior
APA Goal: 1.2

43. Which of the following chemical substances is an antagonist for the transmitter adenosine?
a. LSD
b. Ecstasy
c. caffeine
d. nicotine
Answer: c
Book: Passer
Difficulty: Medium
Page: 103
Style: Comprehension
Topic: Brain and Behavior
APA Goal: 1.2

44. According to the text, which of the following statements about alcohol is TRUE?
a. Alcohol only has antagonistic effects.
b. Alcohol only has agonistic effects.
c. Alcohol has both antagonistic and agonistic effects.
d. Alcohol has neither antagonistic nor agonistic effects.
Answer: c
Book: Passer
Difficulty: Low
Page: 103
Style: Knowledge
Topic: Brain and Behavior
APA Goal: 1.2

45. Which of the following drugs is considered to be an agonist for the neurotransmitter
acetylcholine?
a. alcohol Botoks sonrası alkolden ve sigaradan
b. amphetamines kaçının. Bu maddeler kan dolaşımını
hızlandırabilir ve toksinin yayılmasını
c. caffeine etkileyebilir.
d. nicotine
Answer: d
Book: Passer
Difficulty: Low
Page: 103
Style: Knowledge
Topic: Brain and Behavior
APA Goal: 1.2

46. Even though caffeine is considered to be a stimulant drug, it achieves this effect by:
a. increasing the activity of glutamate.

11
 b. inhibiting the activity of adenosine.
c. increasing the activity of dopamine.
d. decreasing the activity of norepinephrine.
Answer: b
Book: Passer
Difficulty: Medium
Page: 103
Style: Knowledge
Topic: Brain and Behavior
APA Goal: 1.2

47. Which of the following best captures the association between acetylcholine and nicotine?
a. Acetylcholine and nicotine are like the opposite sides of a teeter-totter.
b. Acetylcholine and nicotine are like two extremely different personalities existing in the same
person.
c. Acetylcholine and nicotine are like two keys that fit in and open the exact same door lock.
d. Acetylcholine and nicotine are like the brake pedal and gas pedal of a car.
Answer: c
Book: Passer
Difficulty: Medium
Page: 103
Style: Comprehension
Topic: Brain and Behavior
APA Goal: 1.2

48. Which of the following refers to chemicals which produce altered states of consciousness,
emotion, and behavior?
a. neurotransmitters
b. endorphins
c. neuromodulators
d. psychoactive drugs
Answer: d
Book: Passer
Difficulty: Low
Page: 101
Style: Knowledge
Topic: Brain and Behavior
APA Goal: 1.2

49. Which of the following chemicals, said to be more potent than valium, is problematic when mixed
with alcohol, especially when the person ingesting this combination is unaware that this substance
has been added to their drink?
a. cocaine
b. rohypnol
c. marijuana
d. psilocybin
Answer: b
Book: Passer
Difficulty: Low
Page: 102
Style: Knowledge
Topic: Brain and Behavior
APA Goal: 1.2

50. Which of the following is TRUE about cocaine?

a. it decreases levels of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine

12
 b. it is considered to be an antagonistic for dopamine
c. it decreases levels of the neurotransmitter serotonin
d. it achieves its effects by inhibiting reuptake.
Answer: d
Book: Passer
Difficulty: Low
Page: 103
Style: Comprehension
Topic: Brain and Behavior
APA Goal: 1.2

51. What are the three major types of neurons in the nervous system?
a. sensory neurons, motor neurons, and interneurons
b. excitatory neurons, inhibitory neurons, and interneurons
c. excitatory neurons, inhibitory neurons, and sensory neurons
d. excitatory neurons, motor neurons, and interneurons
Answer: a
Book: Passer
Difficulty: Low
Page: 104
Style: Knowledge
Topic: Brain and Behavior
APA Goal: 1.2
inter neuron
52. A neuron is responsible for conveying a message from the brain to a particular muscle, such as the
muscle that contracts your eyelid. This neuron would be classified as a(n):
a. inhibitory neuron.
b. interneuron.
c. sensory neuron.
d. motor neuron.
Answer: d
Book: Passer
Difficulty: Low
Page: 104
Style: Application
Topic: Brain and Behavior
APA Goal: 1.2

53. The job of interneurons is to:

a. carry information from the sense organs to the brain or spinal cord.
b. carry information from the brain and spinal cord to various muscles or organs.
c. perform connective or associative functions in the nervous system.
d. inhibit neurons from firing by reducing the action-potential threshold.
Answer: c
Book: Passer
Difficulty: Low
Page: 104
Style: Knowledge
Topic: Brain and Behavior
APA Goal: 1.2

54. Interneuron is to motor neuron as:

a. higher mental function is to muscle contraction.
b. paralysis is to muscle contraction.
c. higher mental function is to sensation.
d. sensation is to higher mental function.

13
 Answer: a
Book: Passer
Difficulty: Medium
Page: 104
Style: Comprehension
Topic: Brain and Behavior
APA Goal: 1.2

55. The central nervous system is defined as:

a. only the brain.
b. only the spinal cord.
c. only the brain and spinal cord.
d. all neurons outside of the brain and spinal cord.
Answer: c
Book: Passer
Difficulty: Low
Page: 106
Style: Knowledge
Topic: Brain and Behavior
APA Goal: 1.2

56. The two divisions of the peripheral nervous system are:

a. somatic and autonomic.
b. sensory and motor.
c. sympathetic and somatic.
d. sympathetic and autonomic.
Answer: a
Book: Passer
Difficulty: Low
Page: 104
Style: Knowledge
Topic: Brain and Behavior
APA Goal: 1.2

57. The somatic nervous system is responsible for:

a. slowing down the body and keeping it calm.
b. involuntary functions such as circulation and digestion.
c. the fight-or-flight response.
d. voluntary motor movement and receiving sensory signals.
Answer: d
Book: Passer
Difficulty: Low
Page: 104
Style: Knowledge
Topic: Brain and Behavior
APA Goal: 1.2

58. If the nervous system is like a car, then the sympathetic nervous system and the parasympathetic
nervous system would be most like:
a. the steering wheel and the engine.
b. the gas pedal and the brake pedal.
c. the taillights and the headlights.
d. the front seat and the back seat.
Answer: b
Book: Passer
Difficulty: Medium

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 Page: 106
Style: Comprehension
Topic: Brain and Behavior
APA Goal: 1.2

59. The two divisions of the autonomic nervous system are:

a. sensory and motor.
b. somatic and parasympathetic.
c. sympathetic and parasympathetic.
d. central and peripheral.
Answer: c
Book: Passer
Difficulty: Low
Page: 106
Style: Knowledge
Topic: Brain and Behavior
APA Goal: 1.2

60. The sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems play complementary roles in maintaining
____________, which refers to a balanced or constant internal state.
a. homeosynthesis
b. homeostasis
c. neural plasticity
d. the resting potential
Answer: b
Book: Passer
Difficulty: Low
Page: 106
Style: Knowledge
Topic: Brain and Behavior
APA Goal: 1.2

61. Which of the following is most strongly associated with the concept of homeostasis?
a. phenotype and genotype
b. the central nervous system
c. the all-or-none law
d. the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems
Answer: d
Book: Passer
Difficulty: Medium
Page: 106
Style: Comprehension
Topic: Brain and Behavior
APA Goal: 1.2

62. In the human body, the ______________ nervous system is responsible for activating the body for
such things as the fight-or-flight response, whereas the ___________ nervous system is
responsible for calming and slowing down the body.
a. autonomic; somatic
b. somatic; autonomic
c. parasympathetic; sympathetic
d. sympathetic; parasympathetic
Answer: d
Book: Passer
Difficulty: Medium
Page: 106

15
 Style: Knowledge
Topic: Brain and Behavior
APA Goal: 1.2

63. The sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems are similar in that they both:
a. are involved in the control of voluntary movements
b. are part of the larger central nervous system.
c. function to regulate the internal environment of the body.
d. function to activate and arouse the body
Answer: c
Book: Passer
Difficulty: Low
Page: 106
Style: Comprehension
Topic: Brain and Behavior
APA Goal: 1.2

64. As you enter the classroom to take the exam covering this material, you notice that your heart rate
increases, your muscles become tenser, and you start to sweat. These symptoms are most likely
produced by your:
a. somatic nervous system.
b. immune system.
c. parasympathetic nervous system.
d. sympathetic nervous system.
Answer: d
Book: Passer
Difficulty: Medium
Page: 106
Style: Comprehension
Topic: Brain and Behavior
APA Goal: 1.2

65. Spinal reflexes are reflexes that: diz atma refleksi(patella)-->beyine ihtiyaç yok
a. cannot be triggered without the involvement of the brain.
b. can be triggered without any involvement of the brain.
c. occur when the spine senses it could be threatened or damaged.
d. can be triggered without any involvement of the sympathetic nervous system.
Answer: b
Book: Passer
Difficulty: Low
Page: 106
Style: Knowledge
Topic: Brain and Behavior
APA Goal: 1.2

66. A primary advantage of spinal reflexes appears to be that because ________________, reaction
times are reduced.
a. they are routed through the central nervous system Spinal refleksler, beyine
b. they are not routed through the brain gitmezler. Bunun yerine, bu tür
c. the neurons responsible for these reflexes need no neurotransmitters refleksler omurilik düzeyinde
gerçekleşir.
d. the neurons responsible for these reflexes have no myelin
Answer: b
Book: Passer
Difficulty: Low
Page: 106
Style: Comprehension

16
 Topic: Brain and Behavior
APA Goal: 1.2

67. Aretha has just suffered a head trauma as a result of an auto accident. As part of her assessment,
she is given a piece of paper containing a random array of numbers and letters and is told to draw
lines connecting the numbers in proper sequence (e.g., 1 to 2, 2 to 3, 3 to 4, etc.). Which test was
Aretha given?
a. the Bender-Gestalt Test
b. the Map Test
c. the Trail Making Test
d. the Sequence Test
Answer: c
Book: Passer
Difficulty: Medium
Page: 107
Style: Application
Topic: Brain and Behavior
APA Goal: 4.2

68. During brain surgery, a physician places a small electrode on various portions of the patient’s
exposed cerebral cortex. Although the patient is anesthetized, he is still conscious and the
physician asks him to report what he experiences when different parts of the brain are electrically
activated. This physician is using which method of studying the relation between the brain and
behavior?
a. neuropsychological tests
b. stimulation technique
c. brain imaging
d. electrical recording
Answer: b
Book: Passer
Difficulty: Medium
Page: 107
Style: Application
Topic: Brain and Behavior
APA Goal: 4.2

69. The electroencephalogram (EEG) was discussed as an example of which method of assessing the
relation between the brain and behavior?
a. brain imaging
b. neuropsychological tests
c. electrical recording
d. destruction and stimulation techniques
Answer: c
Book: Passer
Difficulty: Low
Page: 107
Style: Knowledge
Topic: Brain and Behavior
APA Goal: 2.2

70. CT scans, PET scans, and MRIs are all similar in that:
a. they are all classified as brain stimulation techniques.
b. they all can be used to capture brain activity.
c. they are all classified as brain imaging techniques.
d. they all make use of various types of X-rays to create images of the brain.
Answer: c

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 Book: Passer
Difficulty: Low
Page: 108
Style: Knowledge
Topic: Brain and Behavior
APA Goal: 2.2

71. The _______________ uses highly concentrated X-rays to take pictures of narrow slices of the
brain.
a. PET scan
b. CT scan
c. MRI
d. fMRI
Answer: b
Book: Passer
Difficulty: Low
Page: 108
Style: Knowledge
Topic: Brain and Behavior
APA Goal: 2.2

72. You are a physiological psychologist who wishes to record changes in neural activity within
specific brain areas while people perform a learning task. Which brain imaging method would you
find most useful in recording ongoing changes?
a. fMRI
-tedx teki adam beynin hangi bölümlerinin neyde çalıştığına bakmak için fmrı var onu yapıyolar
b. CT scan filan demişti
c. EEG
d. a neuropsychological test
Answer: a
Book: Passer
Difficulty: Low
Page: 108
Style: Comprehension
Topic: Brain and Behavior
APA Goal: 2.2

73. The technique that measures the amount of harmless radioactive glucose used by the brain is
called a(n):
a. fMRI.
b. MRI. pet ler(hayvanlar) glucose yiyo
c. CT scan.
d. PET scan.
Answer: d
Book: Passer
Difficulty: Low
Page: 108
Style: Knowledge
Topic: Brain and Behavior
APA Goal: 2.2

74. A(n) _______________ measures how atoms in living tissue respond to a magnetic pulse.
a. MRI
b. EEG
c. CT scan
d. PET scan
Answer: a

18
 Book: Passer
Difficulty: Low
Page: 108
Style: Knowledge
Topic: Brain and Behavior
APA Goal: 2.2

75. A CT scan is to a PET scan as:

a. brain activity is to brain structure. -CT scans and MRIs give pictures of brain structure
-PET scans and fMRIs give pictures of brain activity
b. brain structure is to brain activity.
c. brain damage is to brain stimulation.
d. brain stimulation is to brain damage.
Answer: b
Book: Passer
Difficulty: Medium
Page: 108
Style: Comprehension
Topic: Brain and Behavior
APA Goal: 2.2

76. A PET scan and a fMRI are similar in all of the following ways, EXCEPT:
a. they are both brain imaging techniques.
b. they are both used to monitor brain activity.
c. they are both capable of monitoring blood flow in the brain.
d. they are both brain stimulation techniques.
Answer: d
Book: Passer
Difficulty: Medium
Page: 108
Style: Comprehension
Topic: Brain and Behavior
APA Goal: 2.2

77. The structure of the human brain can be said to mirror evolutionary development because:
a. the older structures of the human brain are responsible for the more complex brain functions,
such as thinking and creativity.
b. the more recently developed structures of the brain are responsible for the basic life functions,
such as breathing and heart rate.
c. the more recently developed brain structures are built atop the older brain structures.
d. the older brain structures are built atop the more recently developed brain structures.
Answer: c
Book: Passer
Difficulty: Medium
Page: 110
Style: Comprehension
Topic: Brain and Behavior
APA Goal: 1.4

78. The area of the brain that plays a role in vital life functions, such as heart rate and respiration, is
the:
a. thalamus.
b. cerebellum.
c. medulla. hind brainde(old brain)
d. hypothalamus.
Answer: c
Book: Passer

19
 Difficulty: Low
Page: 111
Style: Knowledge
Topic: Brain and Behavior
APA Goal: 1.2

79. A newborn baby is having trouble regulating her breathing and heart rate and doctors are forced to
place her on life support. Given her symptoms, it is most likely that this infant may have some
abnormalities in or damage to her:
a. thalamus.
b. hypothalamus.
c. cerebellum.
d. medulla.
Answer: d
Book: Passer
Difficulty: Medium
Page: 111
Style: Comprehension
Topic: Brain and Behavior
APA Goal: 1.2

80. In addition to playing an important role in controlling respiration, the ___________ also has
groups of neurons that regulate sleep.
a. cerebellum
b. pons
c. medulla
d. reticular formation
Answer: b
Book: Passer
Difficulty: Low
Page: 111
Style: Knowledge
Topic: Brain and Behavior
APA Goal: 1.2

81. The medulla and pons are similar in that they both:
a. are involved in respiration. solunum
b. are involved in sleep.
c. are involved in regulating heart rate.
d. are part of the midbrain.
Answer: a
Book: Passer
Difficulty: Medium
Page: 111
Style: Comprehension
Topic: Brain and Behavior
APA Goal: 1.2

82. Judith has noticed that her elderly husband is behaving differently lately. His movements have
become uncoordinated, jerky, and clumsy, and he even has difficulty walking or getting up from a
chair. These symptoms are most likely related to which of the following brain structures?
a. cerebellum.
b. pons.
c. medulla.
d. reticular formation.
Answer: a

20
 Book: Passer
Difficulty: Low
Page: 111
Style: Comprehension
Topic: Brain and Behavior
APA Goal: 1.2

83. The primary job of the ascending reticular formation is to: nerve network inside the brainstem that
a. regulate vital functions such as respiration and heart rate. plays an important role in controlling
b. block out or admit sensory information to the brain. arousal, sleep-wake cycles..
c. alert the brain that sensory information is coming.
d. coordinate muscle movements.
Answer: c
Book: Passer
Difficulty: Low
Page: 111-112
Style: Knowledge
Topic: Brain and Behavior
APA Goal: 1.2

84. The function of the descending reticular formation is to:

a. regulate learning and memory.
b. allow higher brain regions to block out or admit sensory information.
c. alert the brain the information is coming.
d. regulate vital functions such as respiration and heart rate.
Answer: b
Book: Passer
Difficulty: Low
Page: 111-112
Style: Knowledge
Topic: Brain and Behavior
APA Goal: 1.2

85. The reticular formation is considered to be the “brain’s gatekeeper” because:

a. it regulates the flow of incoming sensory information.
b. it regulates the flow of outgoing neural motor commands.
c. it regulates the vital functions of respiration and heart rate.
d. it determines what neurons are physically connected to the cerebral cortex.
Answer: a
Book: Passer
Difficulty: Low
Page: 111-112
Style: Comprehension
Topic: Brain and Behavior
APA Goal: 1.2

86. After hitting the back of his head on the ground during a fistfight, a man lapses into a permanent
coma. Which part of his brain has most likely been damaged?
a. the thalamus
b. the medulla bu bi network ve arousal ile sleep le ilgili olan stimulationları beyinn
c. the reticular formation kokönden doğru beyine iletiyo
d. the cerebellum
Answer: c
Book: Passer
Difficulty: Low
Page: 111-112

21
 Style: Comprehension
Topic: Brain and Behavior
APA Goal: 1.2

87. The role of the thalamus in brain functioning has been compared to a:
a. file cabinet.
b. computer.
c. switchboard.
d. storage bin.
Answer: c
Book: Passer
Difficulty: Low
Page: 112
Style: Knowledge
Topic: Brain and Behavior
APA Goal: 1.2

88. One of the primary functions of the thalamus is to:

a. regulate respiration and heart rate. directs messages from
the senses to the related
b. organize and route information from the sensory organs. brain areas
c. regulate various aspects of motivation and emotion.
d. play a key role in the creation and storage of memories.
Answer: b
Book: Passer
Difficulty: Low
Page: 112
Style: Knowledge
Topic: Brain and Behavior
APA Goal: 1.2

89. Research on schizophrenia has found that men with this disorder tend to have abnormalities in the
___________ and these abnormalities might account for their confused thinking and disordered
attention.
a. cerebrum -the brain images showed specific abnormalities in the thalamus of
b. limbic system the schizophrenic brains, suggesting that the thalamus may have
c. hypothalamus been sending garbled sensory information to the higher regions of the
d. thalamus brain and creating the confusing sensory experiences an hallucinations
Answer: d reported by many patients.
Book: Passer
Difficulty: Low
Page: 112
Style: Knowledge
Topic: Brain and Behavior
APA Goal: 1.2

90. The thalamus is most similar to which of the following?

a. a parking lot attendant directing cars to different parking areas
b. a dam on a large river
c. a checkout clerk at a supermarket ringing up a customer’s groceries
d. a toll booth on a bridge
Answer: a
Book: Passer
Difficulty: Low
Page: 112
Style: Comprehension
Topic: Brain and Behavior

22
 APA Goal: 1.2

91. Which of the following are among the functions affected by the hypothalamus?
a. sexual behavior, temperature regulation, and sleeping
b. memory creation and storage
c. respiration and heart rate
d. alerting the higher brain centers that sensory information is about to come in
Answer: a
Book: Passer
Difficulty: Medium
Page: 112
Style: Knowledge
Topic: Brain and Behavior
APA Goal: 1.2

92. One thing that the hypothalamus and the pons share in common is:
a. they both are important for coordinated muscle movement.
b. they both are involved in the regulation of sleep.
c. they both are part of the limbic system.
d. they both are in the midbrain.
Answer: b
Book: Passer
Difficulty: Medium
Page: 112
Style: Comprehension
Topic: Brain and Behavior
APA Goal: 1.2

93. A male rat has a particular area of its brain destroyed and it subsequently loses its sex drive (i.e.,
the rat is no longer interested in sex). It is most likely that the rat’s _____________ was the site of
the damage.
a. hippocampus
b. thalamus hipotalamus yeme isteği sex isteği gibi şeylerdeki
c. hypothalamus sex-açlık-susuzluk motivasyonu ve emotionı etkiler.
d. amygdala
Answer: c
Book: Passer
Difficulty: Medium
Page: 112
Style: Comprehension
Topic: Brain and Behavior
APA Goal: 1.2

94. Although it was discussed in the context of the nervous system, the hypothalamus also plays an
important role in the endocrine system because of its connection with the:
a. thalamus.
b. pons.
c. adrenal glands.
d. pituitary gland.
Answer: d
Book: Passer
Difficulty: Low
Page: 112
Style: Knowledge
Topic: Brain and Behavior
APA Goal: 1.2

23
95. Two important structures in the limbic system are:
a. the hippocampus and the amygdala.
b. the medulla and the amygdala.
c. the hippocampus and the pons.
d. the reticular formation and the pons.
Answer: a
Book: Passer
Difficulty: Low
Page: 113
Style: Knowledge
Topic: Brain and Behavior
APA Goal: 1.2

96. Although the ____________ is known to play a role in the formation of motivational and
emotional urges, it is thought that the ____________ helps to coordinate the behaviors needed to
satisfy these urges.
a. limbic system; hypothalamus
b. limbic system; thalamus
c. hypothalamus; limbic system
d. thalamus; limbic system
Answer: c
Book: Passer
Difficulty: Medium
Page: 113
Style: Knowledge
Topic: Brain and Behavior
APA Goal: 1.2

97. The memory of a woman is substantially impaired after she injures her head falling off of a ladder.
In particular, she is unable to remember recent events that have happened to her since her fall.
Damage to which of the following areas is most likely responsible for these difficulties?
a. thalamus
b. hippocampus learning and memory
c. amygdala
d. hypothalamus
Answer: b
Book: Passer
Difficulty: Medium
Page: 113
Style: Comprehension
Topic: Brain and Behavior
APA Goal: 1.2

98. The primary job of the amygdala is to:

a. organize emotional response patterns, particularly aggression and fear.
b. create and store memories.
c. regulate body temperature and sexual behavior.
d. regulate heart rate and respiration.
Answer: a
Book: Passer
Difficulty: Low
Page: 113
Style: Knowledge
Topic: Brain and Behavior
APA Goal: 1.2

24
99. Which lobe is found in the back of the brain and is the location of the brain’s visual system?
a. the frontal lobe
b. the parietal lobe
c. the occipital lobe
d. the temporal lobe
Answer: c
Book: Passer
Difficulty: Low
Page: 114-115
Style: Knowledge
Topic: Brain and Behavior
APA Goal: 1.2

100. The parietal lobe is located:

a. in the front of the brain.
b. in the very rear of the brain.
c. at the top of the brain behind the central fissure.
d. toward the bottom of the brain.
Answer: c
Book: Passer
Difficulty: Low
Page: 114-115
Style: Knowledge
Topic: Brain and Behavior
APA Goal: 1.2

101. The ___________ lobe is located in the front of the brain and is responsible for speech, skeletal
motor functions, and other executive functions, whereas the ___________ lobe is located toward
the bottom of the brain and is responsible for receiving messages from the auditory system.
a. frontal; temporal
b. parietal; temporal
c. occipital; parietal
d. frontal; occipital
Answer: a
Book: Passer
Difficulty: Medium
Page: 114-115
Style: Knowledge
Topic: Brain and Behavior
APA Goal: 1.2

102. The __________ cortex is responsible for the control of approximately 600 muscles involved in
bodily movements.
a. sensory
b. motor
c. association
d. occipital
Answer: b
Book: Passer
Difficulty: Low
Page: 114
Style: Knowledge
Topic: Brain and Behavior
APA Goal: 1.2

25
103. The area of the brain that receives information regarding sensations such as heat, cold, touch, and
our sense of balance is called the:
a. frontal cortex.
b. motor cortex.
c. sensory cortex.
d. association cortex.
Answer: c
Book: Passer
Difficulty: Low
Page: 114
Style: Knowledge
Topic: Brain and Behavior
APA Goal: 1.2

104. Severe damage to the right side of the motor cortex: -Because the nerve tracts from the motor
a. would produce paralysis on the right side of the body. cortex cross over at the level of the medulla,
b. would produce paralysis on the left side of the body. each hemisphere governs movement on the
c. would produce paralysis on both the left and right sides of the body. opposite side of the body.
d. would have no effect on a person.
Answer: b
Book: Passer
Difficulty: Medium
Page: 114
Style: Comprehension
Topic: Brain and Behavior
APA Goal: 1.2

105. The ___________ cortex is thought to be involved in mental processes such as thought, memory,
and perception.
a. limbic
b. motor
c. sensory
d. association
Answer: d
Book: Passer
Difficulty: Low
Page: 116
Style: Knowledge
Topic: Brain and Behavior
APA Goal: 1.2

106. Which of the following accounts for the largest cortical area along the sensory cortex?
a. the torso
b. legs and torso
c. arms and legs
d. face and hands
Answer: d
Book: Passer
Difficulty: Low
Page: 115-116
Style: Comprehension
Topic: Brain and Behavior
APA Goal: 1.2

26
107. After suffering a stroke, Ejike finds that although he is still able to talk, he is unable to understand
the speech of others, even though he can hear that language sounds are being produced. Ejike has
most likely suffered damage to:
a. Broca’s area.
b. Wernicke’s area.
c. his frontal lobe.
d. his parietal lobe
Answer: b
Book: Passer
Difficulty: Medium
Page: 116
Style: Comprehension
Topic: Brain and Behavior
APA Goal: 1.2

108. Wernicke’s area and Broca’s area are similar in that:

a. they both play important roles in language processing.
b. they both are important for normal visual processing.
c. they both are found in the frontal lobe.
d. they both are typically located in people’s right hemispheres.
Answer: a
Book: Passer
Difficulty: Medium
Page: 116
Style: Comprehension
Topic: Brain and Behavior
APA Goal: 1.2

109. The area responsible for speech production is called:

a. the hippocampus.
b. the pons.
c. Wernicke’s area.
d. Broca’s area.
Answer: d
Book: Passer
Difficulty: Low
Page: 116
Style: Knowledge
Topic: Brain and Behavior
APA Goal: 1.2

110. As a result of a head trauma, a man loses his ability to talk, but can still understand what people
say to him. He has most likely suffered damage to which brain area?
a. Broca’s area
b. the amygdala
c. the cerebellum
d. Wernicke’s area
Answer: a
Book: Passer
Difficulty: Low
Page: 116
Style: Comprehension
Topic: Brain and Behavior
APA Goal: 1.2

27
111. The areas that comprise the association cortex are sometimes referred to as the “silent areas”
because:
a. they are responsible for attending to subtle sounds and noises.
b. when they are stimulated electrically, they do not trigger sensory experiences or motor
responses.
c. they are related to vision and physical sensations, which are separate from hearing.
d. when they are damaged, people lose their ability to hear.
Answer: b
Book: Passer
Difficulty: Medium
Page: 116
Style: Knowledge
Topic: Brain and Behavior
APA Goal: 1.2

112. The ___________ cortex is involved in the highest levels of mental functioning, such as thought,
language, and perception.
a. relation
b. sensory
c. motor
d. association
Answer: d
Book: Passer
Difficulty: Low
Page: 116
Style: Knowledge
Topic: Brain and Behavior
APA Goal: 1.2

113. Which of the following is indicative of problems occurring within the association cortex?
a. Alzheimer’s
b. agnosia
c. arachnophobia agnosia,
d. agoraphobia the inability to identify familiar objects.
Answer: b
Book: Passer
Difficulty: Low
Page: 116
Style: Comprehension
Topic: Brain and Behavior
APA Goal: 1.2

114. The condition known as agnosia is most strongly related to which of the following?
a. association cortex
b. the cerebellum
c. Wernicke’s area
d. the limbic system
Answer: a
Book: Passer
Difficulty: Low
Page: 116
Style: Comprehension
Topic: Brain and Behavior
APA Goal: 1.2

28
115. Scientists have suggested that the entire period of human evolution could be labeled “the age of
the ___________ lobe.”
a. occipital
b. temporal
c. parietal
d. frontal
Answer: d
Book: Passer
Difficulty: Low
Page: 116
Style: Knowledge
Topic: Brain and Behavior
APA Goal: 1.2

116. John hit his head during a fall down the stairs and received damage to his frontal lobes. Which of
the following would be the most likely result of this injury?
a. death or the need for life support
b. the inability to plan and carry out a sequence of actions
c. the inability to remember recent information or events
d. a complete loss of intellectual functioning
Answer: b
Book: Passer
Difficulty: Medium
Page: 117
Style: Comprehension
Topic: Brain and Behavior
APA Goal: 1.2

117. The term executive functions has the strongest association with which of the following?
a. the prefrontal cortex
b. the medulla
c. the thalamus
d. association cortex
Answer: a
Book: Passer
Difficulty: Low
Page: 117
Style: Comprehension
Topic: Brain and Behavior
APA Goal: 1.2

118. Functions such as goal-setting and strategic planning are associated with the ___________ cortex.
a. sensory
b. motor
c. prefrontal
d. parietal
Answer: c
Book: Passer
Difficulty: Low
Page: 117
Style: Knowledge
Topic: Brain and Behavior
APA Goal: 1.2

29
119. A man injures his head in a construction accident. After the incident, he shows a great deal of
apathy toward people and things, is emotionally flat, and doesn’t seem to care about anything.
This person most likely suffered damage to his __________ cortex.
a. occipital
b. frontal
c. temporal
d. parietal
Answer: b
Book: Passer
Difficulty: Medium
Page: 117
Style: Application
Topic: Brain and Behavior
APA Goal: 4.2

120. The primary goal of the research conducted by Jacqueline Stoddard and her colleagues on the
biological bases of violence was to examine __________ with regard to this behavior.
a. amygdala activation
b. hippocampal activation
c. prefrontal activation
d. association activation
Answer: c
Book: Passer
Difficulty: Low
Page: 117
Style: Knowledge
Topic: Brain and Behavior
APA Goal: 2.2

121. Jacqueline Stoddard used which of the following methods when studying the brains of violent and
nonviolent prisoners?
a. She used CT scans to see if there were any structural differences present in the frontal lobes.
b. She used EEG to monitor electrical activity while participants solved problems.
c. She used PET scans to monitor brain activity while participants performed a task.
d. She used neurological tests to see if any differences between the groups could be detected.
Answer: c
Book: Passer
Difficulty: Medium
Page: 117
Style: Knowledge
Topic: Brain and Behavior
APA Goal: 2.2

122. EEG studies have shown that the right hemisphere is more active when emotions such as
_________ and __________ are being experienced.
a. happiness; surprise
b. sadness; anger
c. fear; happiness
d. disgust; surprise
Answer: b
Book: Passer
Difficulty: Medium
Page: 118
Style: Comprehension
Topic: Brain and Behavior
APA Goal: 2.2

30
123. In terms of positive emotions, such as joy and happiness, which general region of the brain has
been shown to be more active?
a. occipital lobes
b. left hemisphere
c. right hemisphere
d. both hemispheres
Answer: b
Book: Passer
Difficulty: Medium
Page: 118
Style: Knowledge
Topic: Brain and Behavior
APA Goal: 2.2

124. The research findings that certain processes (e.g., language and musical abilities) are mainly
localized to either the left hemisphere or right hemisphere of the brain refer to which of the
following concepts?
a. plasticity
b. aphasia
c. lateralization
d. corpus collosum
Answer: c
Book: Passer
Difficulty: Low
Page: 118
Style: Comprehension
Topic: Brain and Behavior
APA Goal: 2.2

125. The band of myelinated nerve fibers that connects the right and left brain hemispheres is called
the:
a. central fissure.
b. hypothalamus.
c. hippocampus.
d. corpus callosum.
Answer: d
Book: Passer
Difficulty: Low
Page: 118
Style: Knowledge
Topic: Brain and Behavior
APA Goal: 1.2

126. _____________ refers to the relatively greater localization of a brain function in one hemisphere
or the other.
a. Myelinization
b. Lateralization
c. Specialization
d. Sidedness
Answer: b
Book: Passer
Difficulty: Low
Page: 118
Style: Knowledge
Topic: Brain and Behavior

31
 APA Goal: 1.2

127. Brain research has indicated that mathematical, verbal, and logical abilities tend to be located in
the left hemisphere for most people. This is an example of what is technically called:
a. confinement.
b. sidedness.
c. lateralization.
d. localization.
Answer: c
Book: Passer
Difficulty: Low
Page: 118
Style: Application
Topic: Brain and Behavior
APA Goal: 4.2

128. Mental imagery, the ability to understand spatial relationships, and musical and artistic abilities
tend to be located:
a. in the right hemisphere.
b. in the left hemisphere.
c. equally in the left and right hemispheres.
d. in the parietal lobe.
Answer: a
Book: Passer
Difficulty: Low
Page: 118
Style: Knowledge
Topic: Brain and Behavior
APA Goal: 1.2

129. You tell a very funny joke and your friend laughs hysterically. While she is laughing, your
friend’s ________ will likely show more activity because positive emotions appear to show
________.
a. limbic system; natural selection
b. occipital lobe; adaptation
c. right hemisphere; transduction
d. left hemisphere; lateralization
Answer: d
Book: Passer
Difficulty: Medium
Page: 118
Style: Comprehension
Topic: Brain and Behavior
APA Goal: 1.2

130. Split-brain research was made possible originally by surgical techniques in which the _________
was cut to limit the potential brain damage caused by epileptic seizures.
a. optic chiasma
b. corpus callosum
c. thalamus
d. hypothalamus
Answer: b
Book: Passer
Difficulty: Low
Page: 119
Style: Knowledge

32
 Topic: Brain and Behavior
APA Goal: 2.2

131. The unique findings of spit-brain research are primarily due to the fact that:
a. neurons responding to the right visual field project to the left hemisphere, whereas neurons
responding to the left visual field project to the right hemisphere.
b. neurons from each eye’s right visual field project to the right hemisphere, whereas neurons
from each eye’s left visual field project to the left hemisphere.
c. the right hemisphere processes all visual information.
d. the left hemisphere processes all visual information.
Answer: a
Book: Passer
Difficulty: Medium
Page: 119-120
Style: Comprehension
Topic: Brain and Behavior
APA Goal: 1.2

132. A person who has had his corpus callosum cut is briefly shown a picture of a spoon in his left
visual field. Which of the following accurately describes what he will be able to do?
a. He will say that he saw a spoon.
b. He will say that he saw nothing but would be able to select a spoon from among a group of
objects with his left hand.
c. He will say that he saw nothing but would be able to select a spoon from among a group of
objects with his right hand.
d. He will say that he saw nothing and no matter how we test him, he shows no indication of
ever having seen the spoon.
Answer: b
Book: Passer
Difficulty: Medium
Page: 119-120
Style: Comprehension
Topic: Brain and Behavior
APA Goal: 2.2

133. A person with a severed corpus callosum is briefly shown a picture of a bird and after this
presentation she is able to tell the experimenter that she just saw a bird. Given this information, we
can conclude that:
a. the person is showing evidence of neural plasticity since she shouldn’t be able to perform this
task with a severed corpus callosum.
b. the picture of the bird must have been shown in the person’s left visual field.
c. the picture of the bird must have been shown in the person’s right visual field.
d. for this person, language processing appears to be lateralized in the right hemisphere.
Answer: c
Book: Passer
Difficulty: Medium
Page: 119-120
Style: Comprehension
Topic: Brain and Behavior
APA Goal: 2.2

134. Regarding sex differences in lateralized abilities, men are more likely than women to show which
of the following symptoms after left hemisphere damage caused by a stroke?
a. severe memory problems
b. severe agnosia women are less likely to suffer aphasia when their left hemi
c. severe aphasia sphere is damaged, suggesting that for women,language is
represented in both hemispheres to a greater extent than for men

33
 d. severe fixation deficits
Answer: c
Book: Passer
Difficulty: Medium
Page: 121
Style: Comprehension
Topic: Brain and Behavior
APA Goal: 2.2

135. In a rhyming task which increased cortical activity in a region of the left hemisphere, fMRI data
also indicated which of the following results?
a. there was activation in both hemispheres for men but only left hemisphere activation for
women
b. there was activation in both hemispheres for men and women
c. there was activation in both hemispheres for women but only left hemisphere activation for
men
d. there was activation in only the left hemisphere for men and for women
Answer: c
Book: Passer
Difficulty: Medium
Page: 121
Style: Comprehension
Topic: Brain and Behavior
APA Goal: 2.2

136. Which of the following is an accurate statement regarding lateralization of abilities in the brains of
men and women?
a. The brains of men and women are completely different from one another in terms of how the
brain of each sex carries out tasks.
b. The brains of men and women can not adequately be compared due to lateralization
differences.
c. The brains of men and women show very little similarity morphologically.
d. The brains of men and women are far more similar than they are different.
Answer: d
Book: Passer
Difficulty: Low
Page: 121
Style: Knowledge
Topic: Brain and Behavior
APA Goal: 2.2

137. According to the text, the ability of neurons to change their structure and function is called:
a. neural concordance.
b. neural flexibility.
c. neural elasticity.
d. neural plasticity.
Answer: d
Book: Passer
Difficulty: Low
Page: 121
Style: Knowledge
Topic: Brain and Behavior
APA Goal: 1.2

34
138. You have a pet turtle named Medium Flash. You don’t want Flash to be bored, so you go out of
your way to make his cage very exciting and interesting. You change things around frequently and
give him new things to explore. If your efforts actually produced changes in the neurons of Flash’s
brain, then they would best illustrate the concept of:
a. neural plasticity.
b. natural selection or survival of the fittest.
c. adaptations.
d. lateralization.
Answer: a
Book: Passer
Difficulty: Medium
Page: 121
Style: Comprehension
Topic: Brain and Behavior
APA Goal: 1.2

139. Research on neural plasticity indicates that brain damage is more devastating:
a. to men than to women.
b. to women than to men.
c. to younger people than to older people.
d. to older people than to younger people.
Answer: d
Book: Passer
Difficulty: Low
Page: 121
Style: Knowledge
Topic: Brain and Behavior
APA Goal: 2.2

140. Research on neural plasticity indicates that young children recover more effectively from brain
damage than adults. Which of the following can best account for this fact?
a. Young children have about 50% more synapses than adults do.
b. Young children have about 50% more neurons than adults do.
c. Young children have more neurotransmitters than adults do.
d. Young children have more neuromodulators than adults do.
Answer: a
Book: Passer
Difficulty: Low
Page: 122
Style: Comprehension
Topic: Brain and Behavior
APA Goal: 1.2

141. ______________ are immature and “uncommitted” cells that can mature into any type of neuron
or glial cell needed by the brain.
a. Neophyte cells
b. Neural stem cells
c. Adaptive cells
d. Plastic cells
Answer: b
Book: Passer
Difficulty: Low
Page: 123
Style: Knowledge
Topic: Brain and Behavior
APA Goal: 1.2

35
142. Neural stem cells:
a. are neurons that are located in the brain stem.
b. are neurons that bridge the gap between the left and right hemispheres.
c. is the name given to neurons that make up the cerebral cortex.
d. are uncommitted cells that can become neurons or glia.
Answer: d
Book: Passer
Difficulty: Low
Page: 123
Style: Knowledge
Topic: Brain and Behavior
APA Goal: 1.2

143. Which of the following statements regarding the notion that humans only use 10% of their brain
capacity is most accurate?
a. Consistent with popular wisdom, research suggests that we do only use a small percentage of
our brain.
b. Surprisingly, research suggests that we actually use even less of our brain than most people
think and that vast amounts of the brain are redundant.
c. Research indicates that the majority of “average” individuals only use a fraction of their brain,
whereas intellectually gifted people use significantly more.
d. Though we likely still have untapped potential, research suggests that we do use the vast
majority of our brain.
Answer: d
Book: Passer
Difficulty: Medium
Page: 123
Style: Knowledge
Topic: Brain and Behavior
APA Goal: 3.3

144. The system that consists of numerous glands distributed throughout the body is called the:
a. limbic system.
b. immune system.
c. endocrine system.
d. neural system.
Answer: c
Book: Passer
Difficulty: Low
Page: 124
Style: Knowledge
Topic: Brain and Behavior
APA Goal: 1.2

145. Hormones are the primary method of communication for the:

a. nervous system.
b. endocrine system.
c. immune system.
d. cerebral cortex.
Answer: b
Book: Passer
Difficulty: Low
Page: 124
Style: Knowledge
Topic: Brain and Behavior

36
 APA Goal: 1.2

146. The nervous system is to the endocrine system as:

a. hormones are to antigens.
b. antigens are to hormones.
c. nerve impulses are to hormones.
d. hormones are to nerve impulses.
Answer: c
Book: Passer
Difficulty: Medium
Page: 124
Style: Comprehension
Topic: Brain and Behavior
APA Goal: 1.2

147. Which of the following statements is TRUE?

a. The nervous system and the endocrine systems are independent and do not influence each
other.
b. The nervous system can affect the endocrine system but not vice versa.
c. The endocrine system can affect the nervous system but not vice versa.
d. The nervous system and the endocrine system can both influence each other.
Answer: d
Book: Passer
Difficulty: Low
Page: 124
Style: Knowledge
Topic: Brain and Behavior
APA Goal: 1.2

148. Which of the following would represent an example of brain processes influencing the endocrine
system?
a. A person is worrying about an important presentation and these worrisome thoughts trigger
the release of stress hormones in her body.
b. An image presented in a person’s right visual field is projected to the left cerebral hemisphere.
c. The pituitary gland releases a hormone that triggers the release of a different hormone in the
adrenal gland.
d. The ascending reticular formation alerts the brain about incoming sensory information.
Answer: a
Book: Passer
Difficulty: Medium
Page: 124
Style: Application
Topic: Brain and Behavior
APA Goal: 4.2

149. Which of the following produces and secretes about 50 different hormones?
a. hypothalamus
b. pituitary gland
c. arterial glands
d. adrenal glands
Answer: d
Book: Passer
Difficulty: Low
Page: 125
Style: Knowledge
Topic: Brain and Behavior

37
 APA Goal: 1.2

150. Being able to deal with prolonged stress is one reason that the adrenal glands are so important.
Why is this the case?
a. because the adrenal glands produce antibodies to deal with the stress
b. because the endocrine system can not help to deal with the stress
c. because stress hormones are secreted in the bloodstream and stay there awhile
d. because the pituitary gland is much too small to be able to aid in adequate maintenance
Answer: c
Book: Passer
Difficulty: Low
Page: 125
Style: Comprehension
Topic: Brain and Behavior
APA Goal: 1.2

151. Which of the following levels of analysis provides tools such as brain scanning, with which to
examine human mental processes?
a. psychological
b. biological
c. environmental
d. sociocultural
Answer: b
Book: Passer
Difficulty: Low
Page: 125
Style: Comprehension
Topic: Brain and Behavior
APA Goal: 1.4

152. Which of the following levels of analysis provides discoveries on the nature and causes of both
normal and abnormal behavior, emotions, and cognition?
a. psychological
b. biological
c. environmental
d. sociocultural
Answer: a
Book: Passer
Difficulty: Low
Page: 125
Style: Comprehension
Topic: Brain and Behavior
APA Goal: 1.4

153. Which of the following is often referred to as the “master gland”?

a. pituitary gland
b. adrenal gland
c. thyroid gland
d. parathyroid gland
Answer: a
Book: Passer
Difficulty: Low
Page: 124
Style: Knowledge
Topic: Brain and Behavior
APA Goal: 2.2

38
154. Which of the following controls the pituitary gland?
a. adrenal gland
b. thyroid gland
c. pancreas
d. hypothalamus
Answer: d
Book: Passer
Difficulty: Low
Page: 112
Style: Knowledge
Topic: Brain and Behavior
APA Goal: 1.2

155. In which of the following months during pregnancy does the release of hormones cause the sex
organs to develop?
a. first or second month
b. third or fourth month
c. fifth or sixth month
d. seventh or eight month
Answer: b
Book: Passer
Difficulty: Medium
Page: 124
Style: Knowledge
Topic: Brain and Behavior
APA Goal: 1.2

True/False Questions

156. The three main parts of the neuron are the axon and dendrites.
Answer: true
Book: Passer
Difficulty: Low
Page: 97
Style: Knowledge
Topic: Brain and Behavior
APA Goal: 1.2

157. The main function of glial cells is to speed up the transmission of neural impulses.
Answer: false
Book: Passer
Difficulty: Low
Page: 97
Style: Knowledge
Topic: Brain and Behavior
APA Goal: 1.2

158. The resting potential of the typical neuron is –65 millivolts.

Answer: false
Book: Passer
Difficulty: Low
Page: 98
Style: Knowledge
Topic: Brain and Behavior

39
 APA Goal: 1.2

159. Graded potentials are directly proportional to the amount of incoming stimulation, whereas action
potentials are not.
Answer: true
Book: Passer
Difficulty: Low
Page: 98
Style: Knowledge
Topic: Brain and Behavior
APA Goal: 1.2

160. When the potential of a neuron is made more negative (e.g., moved from –70 to –73 millivolts),
the neuron has experienced a depolarization.
Answer: false
Book: Passer
Difficulty: Low
Page: 98
Style: Knowledge
Topic: Brain and Behavior
APA Goal: 1.2

161. The two ways in which neurotransmitters are deactivated in the synapse are chemical breakdown
and reuptake.
Answer: true
Book: Passer
Difficulty: Low
Page: 100
Style: Knowledge
Topic: Brain and Behavior
APA Goal: 1.2

162. The job of the sensory neurons is to transmit neural impulses from the sense organs to the brain.
Answer: true
Book: Passer
Difficulty: Low
Page: 104
Style: Knowledge
Topic: Brain and Behavior
APA Goal: 1.2

163. The two divisions of the sympathetic nervous system are the somatic nervous system and the
autonomic nervous system.
Answer: false
Book: Passer
Difficulty: Low
Page: 104
Style: Knowledge
Topic: Brain and Behavior
APA Goal: 1.2

164. PET scans are used to study brain activity, whereas CT scans are utilized to examine brain
structures.
Answer: true
Book: Passer
Difficulty: Low

40
 Page: 108
Style: Knowledge
Topic: Brain and Behavior
APA Goal: 2.2

165. The medulla plays an important role in the coordination of muscular movement and also in
learning and memory.
Answer: false
Book: Passer
Difficulty: Low
Page: 111
Style: Knowledge
Topic: Brain and Behavior
APA Goal: 1.2

166. The job of the thalamus is to organize sensory input and route it to the appropriate brain areas.
Answer: true
Book: Passer
Difficulty: Low
Page: 112
Style: Knowledge
Topic: Brain and Behavior
APA Goal: 1.2

167. Wernicke’s area is primarily concerned with speech production, whereas Broca’s area is related to
speech comprehension.
Answer: false
Book: Passer
Difficulty: Medium
Page: 116
Style: Knowledge
Topic: Brain and Behavior
APA Goal: 1.2

168. Lateralization refers to the way in which a brain function can be more localized in one brain
hemisphere or the other.
Answer: true
Book: Passer
Difficulty: Low
Page: 118
Style: Knowledge
Topic: Brain and Behavior
APA Goal: 1.2

169. The endocrine system uses hormones as its primary method of communication.
Answer: true
Book: Passer
Difficulty: Low
Page: 124
Style: Knowledge
Topic: Brain and Behavior
APA Goal: 1.2

Fill-in-the-Blank Questions

41
170. On a neuron, the structural characteristics of the __________ and ___________ allow for many
possible connections between neurons.
Answer: axons; dendrites
Book: Passer
Difficulty: Low
Page: 97
Style: Knowledge
Topic: Brain and Behavior
APA Goal: 1.2

171. Positively charged sodium ions flooding into an axon creates a state called _____________.
Answer: depolarization
Book: Passer
Difficulty: Low
Page: 98
Style: Knowledge
Topic: Brain and Behavior
APA Goal: 1.2

172. The disease _____________ is caused when the immune system attacks the myelin sheath of its
own neurons.
Answer: multiple sclerosis
Book: Passer
Difficulty: Low
Page: 99-100
Style: Knowledge
Topic: Brain and Behavior
APA Goal: 1.2

173. The neurotransmitter ____________ is involved in memory and muscle activity.

Answer: acetylcholine or ACh
Book: Passer
Difficulty: Low
Page: 101
Style: Knowledge
Topic: Brain and Behavior
APA Goal: 1.2

174. _______________ are significantly more numerous than the two other major types of neurons and
serve connective or associative functions in the nervous system.
Answer: Interneurons
Book: Passer
Difficulty: Low
Page: 104
Style: Knowledge
Topic: Brain and Behavior
APA Goal: 1.2

175. The brain and the spinal cord comprise the ____________ nervous system.
Answer: central
Book: Passer
Difficulty: Low
Page: 106
Style: Knowledge
Topic: Brain and Behavior
APA Goal: 1.2

42
176. The electroencephalogram, or EEG, was discussed as an example of the _____________ method
of studying brain-behavior relations.
Answer: electrical recording
Book: Passer
Difficulty: Low
Page: 107
Style: Knowledge
Topic: Brain and Behavior
APA Goal: 2.2

177. The structure of the brain is sometimes said to mirror ______________ development because the
more recently developed structures are built atop of the older structures.
Answer: evolutionary
Book: Passer
Difficulty: Low
Page: 110
Style: Knowledge
Topic: Brain and Behavior
APA Goal: 1.2

178. The job of the _______________ is to alert the brain about incoming sensory information.
Answer: ascending reticular formation
Book: Passer
Difficulty: Low
Page: 111-112
Style: Knowledge
Topic: Brain and Behavior
APA Goal: 1.2

179. The area of the brain that is involved in various aspects of motivational and emotional behavior,
such as sex, temperature regulation, sleeping, eating, and drinking, is the ____________.
Answer: hypothalamus
Book: Passer
Difficulty: Medium
Page: 112
Style: Knowledge
Topic: Brain and Behavior
APA Goal: 1.2

180. The function of the _____________ appears to be to coordinate behaviors to satisfy the needs and
urges generated by the hypothalamus.
Answer: limbic system
Book: Passer
Difficulty: Low
Page: 113
Style: Knowledge
Topic: Brain and Behavior
APA Goal: 1.2

181. The ______________ cortex is located at the very back of the frontal lobe and controls the more
than 600 muscles involved in voluntary body movements.
Answer: primary motor
Book: Passer
Difficulty: Low
Page: 114

43
 Style: Knowledge
Topic: Brain and Behavior
APA Goal: 1.2

182. In both the sensory and motor cortices, the amount of cortex devoted to each area depends upon
the ___________ of the movements that are carried out by a particular body part.
Answer: complexity
Book: Passer
Difficulty: Low
Page: 114-115
Style: Knowledge
Topic: Brain and Behavior
APA Goal: 1.2

183. If ____________ area is damaged, people are unable to comprehend or understand written or
vocal speech.
Answer: Wernicke’s
Book: Passer
Difficulty: Low
Page: 116
Style: Knowledge
Topic: Brain and Behavior
APA Goal: 1.2

184. Unlike other areas of the brain, if electrodes placed in the ___________ cortex are electrically
stimulated, they will not trigger any experiences or responses, but this area is still known to play a
critical role in the highest mental functions, such as perception, thought, and language.
Answer: association
Book: Passer
Difficulty: Medium
Page: 116
Style: Knowledge
Topic: Brain and Behavior
APA Goal: 1.2

185. The prefrontal cortex is the location of the so-called _______________, which are mental abilities
that involve such things as goal-setting, strategic planning, and impulse control.
Answer: executive functions
Book: Passer
Difficulty: Low
Page: 117
Style: Knowledge
Topic: Brain and Behavior
APA Goal: 1.2

186. For most people, verbal, speech, and logical abilities are localized in the ______ hemisphere.
Answer: left
Book: Passer
Difficulty: Low
Page: 118
Style: Knowledge
Topic: Brain and Behavior
APA Goal: 1.2

187. The unique findings of split-brain research are made possible when the ______________ of
people with severe seizures is cut to minimize the potential brain damage caused by these seizures.

44
 Answer: corpus callosum
Book: Passer
Difficulty: Low
Page: 119-120
Style: Knowledge
Topic: Brain and Behavior
APA Goal: 1.2

188. _______________ refers to the ability of neurons to change in structure and function.
Answer: Neural plasticity
Book: Passer
Difficulty: Low
Page: 121
Style: Knowledge
Topic: Brain and Behavior
APA Goal: 1.2

189. The partial or total loss of the ability to communicate is known as _____________.
Answer: aphasia
Book: Passer
Difficulty: Low
Page: 118
Style: Knowledge
Topic: Brain and Behavior
APA Goal: 1.2

190. ______________ are cells that are immature and can ultimately mature into any type of neural or
glial cell needed by the brain.
Answer: Neural stem cells
Book: Passer
Difficulty: Medium
Page: 123
Style: Knowledge
Topic: Brain and Behavior
APA Goal: 1.2

45