Modern Physics Assignments
Electron
Short Questions:
1. What are the strong arguments for the particle nature of cathode rays?
2. What do you mean by electric discharge? Why it is take place at low pressure and
high voltage?
3. An electron can be deflected but light is not deflected by electric and magnetic
field. Why?
4. A beam of electrons and protons having the same initial K.E. enter normally into
an electric field, which beam will be more curved? Justify.
5. An electron and a proton moving with the same velocity are subjected to an
electric field. Which particle gain more kinetic energy and why?
6. An electron and proton is projected in an electric field at right angle to electric
field with same velocity. Which particle has trajectory more curved?
7. Write down the expression for acceleration for a charge q moving with 0°, 45°
and 90° in uniform magnetic fields.
8. The path of a moving electron in a magnetic field is circular. Explain?
9. An electron and a proton move with same speed in a uniform magnetic field at
right angle of equal magnitude. Which will have more radius in the circular path?
10. Three charged particle, a proton, a deuteron and an alpha-particle enters in a
uniform magnetic field with same kinetic energy. Calculate the ratio of their
radii?
11. What do you mean by cross-fields?
12. What is the specific charge? What is the ratio of specific charge of alpha- particle
to a proton
13. A α-particle and a proton are accelerated through the same potential difference.
Calculate the ratio of the linear momentum acquired by them.
14. The value of e/m is constant for cathode rays but not for positive rays. Why?
15. What is meant by quantization of charge? Explain.
16. Which types of liquid is used in Millikan’s oil drop experiment?
17. Why is clock oil used in Millikan’s experiment? Can we use water in place of the
clock oil?
18. What is the use of X-rays in Millikan’s oil drop experiment?
19. How did Millikan’s experiment lead to the quantum nature of the electric charge?
20. Stoke’s formula for viscous drag is not really valid for oil drops of extremely
minute size in Millikan’s experiment. Why?
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21. Is it possible that the charge on the oil drops in Millikan’s experiment is e?
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22. In which principle Millikan used to determine the charge of an oil drop? Explain.
23. What is the important of Millikan’s Oil drop experiment?
24. How can we estimate mass of electron using the result of oil drop experiment?
Numerical:
1. Two parallel metal plates 4cm long are held horizontally 3cm apart in vacuum,
one being vertically above the other. The upper plate is at a P.d of 300 V and
lower is earthed. Electrons having a velocity of 107 m/s are injected
horizontally midway between the plates and in a direction parallel to the 4cm
edge. Calculate the vertical deflection of the electron beam as it emerges
from the plates. ( e/m =1.8 x 1011c/kg ) [Ans: 1.44 x 10-2m ]
2. A beam of electrons, moving with velocity 107 m/s, enters midway between
two horizontal parallel plates in the direction parallel to the plates which are 5
cm long and 2 cm apart and have a P.d. of V volts between them. Calculate V
if the beam is deflected so that it just grazes the edge of the plate. Assume
e/m = 1.76x1011 C/kg [Ans: 90.9 Volts ]
3. A beam of electrons moving with velocity of 107 m/s, enters midway between
two horizontal parallel plates in a direction parallel to the plates. Each plate is
5 cm long. These plates are kept 2 cm apart and a potential difference of 90 V
is applied between them. Calculate the velocity and angle of the electron
beam with which it just grazes the edge of the positive plate. (e/m = 1.8x10 11
C/kg) [Ans: v = 1.41x107 m/s , Ө = 450 ]
4. An oil drop of mass 3.25 x 10-15kg falls vertically with uniform velocity through
air between vertical parallel plates which are 2cm apart. When a P.d of 1000v
is applied to the plates the drop moves towards the positively charged plate,
its path being inclined at 450 to the vertical. Calculate the charge on the drop.
[Ans: 6.37 x 10-19 C ]
5. An electron moving with a speed of 107 m/s is passed into a magnetic field of
intensity 0.1T normally. What is the radius of the path of the electron inside
the field? If the strength of the magnetic field is doubled, what is the radius
of the new path? (e/m= 1.8x1011C/kg) [Ans: 5.55x10 -4 m, 2.77x10 -4 m ]
6. An electron moves in a circular path of radius 20 cm in a uniform magnetic
field of 2x10-3 T. Find the speed of the electron and the period of revolution.
Mass of electron = 9.1x10-31 kg. [Ans: v = 7.07x10 7 m/s , T = 1.78x10-8 sec]
7. An electron having 500eV energy enters at right angle to a uniform magnetic
field of 10-4 T. If the specific charge is 1.75x1011 C/kg, calculate the radius of its
circular orbit. [Ans: r = 0.75 m ]
8. An electron is accelerated through a potential difference of 2000 V and then it
enters a uniform magnetic field of 0.02 T in a direction perpendicular to it.
Find the radius of the path of the electron in the magnetic field. Mass of an
electron = 9.1x10-31 kg and charge of an electron = 1.6x10-19 C.
[Ans: r = 7.55x10-3 m ]
9. In a Thomson’s experiment voltage across the plates is 50V and the distance
between them is 3cm. The magnetic field applied to make the beam
undeflected is 10-4T. What is the velocity of the electron passing between the
plates? [Ans: 1.67 x 107 m/s ]
10. Electron is accelerated from rest through a P.d. of 100V and then enters
normally a uniform electric field of intensity 105v/m. calculate the flux density
B of uniform magnetic field applied perpendicular to the electric field if the
beam is unchanged from its original direction. Assume: e/m = 1.8×1011 C/kg.
[Ans: 0.017T]
11. Specific charge of a particle is 4.4×107 C/kg. It is moving in a circular orbit with
a velocity 3.52×105m/s in a magnetic flux density 0.4T. Find the radius of its
orbit. [Ans: 0.02m]
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12. In the ionosphere, electrons executes 1.4×10 revolutions in a second. Find
the strength of the magnetic flux density B in this region. [mass of an electron
= 9.1×10-31kg, electronic charge= 1.6×10-19C) [Ans: 5×10-5T]
13. A beam of electrons is under P.d. of 1.36×104V applied across two parallel
plates 4cm apart and a magnetic field 2×10-3T at right angles to each other. If
two fields produce no deflection in the electronic beam. Calculate (i) the
velocity of electrons (ii) the radius of the orbit in which the beam will move, if
the electric field is made zero. [Given: mass of electron = 9.1 × 10-31kg]
[Ans: (i)1.7×108m/s , (ii) 0.48m]
14. A charged oil drop, in a Millikan’s apparatus, is observed to fall through a
distance of 1mm in 27.4sec, in absence of electric field. The same drop is held
stationary when a field of 2.37×104 N/C is established between the plates.
How many excess electrons has the drop acquired? (Given: (Density of oil =
824kg/m3, coefficient. Of viscosity of air = 1.81x 10 -5 NSm-2 and density of air =
1.29 kg/m3) [Ans: 2 electrons]
15. An electron beam after being accelerated from rest through a potential
difference of 5000V in vacuum is allowed to impinge normally on a fixed
surface. If the incident current is 50 μA, determine the force exerted on the
surface assuming that it brings the electrons to rest (m=9.1×10-31kg, e=1.6×
10-19C) [Ans: 1.2×10-8N]
16. An electron with a velocity of 107m/s enters a region of uniform magnetic flux
density of 0.10T, the angle between the direction of the field and the initial
path of the electron being 25° . Find (i) the radius of the path, (ii) the axial
distance between two consecutive turns of the helical paths (or pitch of the
helix), (iii) the number of revolutions made per sec. ( e/m = 1.8×1011 C/kg)
[Ans: (i)2.35×10-4m, (ii) 2.86×10-4m, (iii) 2.14×109/sec]
17. In a Millikan type apparatus, the horizontal plates are 1.5 cm apart. With the
electric field switched off, an oil drop is observed to fall with the steady
velocity of 2.5x10-2 cm/s. When the electric field is switched on, the upper
plate being positive, the drop just remains stationary. The potential difference
between the plates is 1500 volts. (a) Calculate the radius of the drop (b) how
many electronic charges does it carry? (c) if the P.d. between the two plates
remains unchanged, with what velocity will the drop move when it has
collected two more electrons as a result of exposure to ionizing radiation?
(Given: density of oil = 900 kg/m3 and viscosity of air = 1.8x10-5 NSm-2, neglect
air density ) [Ans:(i) 1.5×10-6m, (ii) 8 (iii) 6.28×10-5m/s]
