LEARN AND PRACTICE

GRADE: X
SUBJECT: BIOLOGY
LOCATION AND FUNCTION

STRUCTURE LOCATION FUNCTION

1. centrosome In the animal cell outside the Initiates cell division and
nucleus. duplication of centrioles.
2.centromere At the point of attachment of Attaches the
two sister chromatids along the chromosome to the
length of the chromosome. spindle fibres
3.Gene present on the chromosomes Carry the hereditary
information
4.Stomata Openings present on the Exchange of respiratory
epidermis of the leaves gases ,stomatal
transpiration
5.Lenticels Minute openings on the surface Helps in lenticular
of stem transpiration
6.Cuticle On the epidermis of the leaves Cuticular transpiration,
prevents loss of water
from the surface of
leaves
7.Hydathode On the margins of leaves Guttation
8.Chloroplast In the mesophyll cells of the Photosynthesis
leaves
9.stroma Colourless ground matrix in the Site of light independent
chloroplast. phase of photosynthesis
10.Thylakoid Flattened sacs arranged in piles Site of light dependent
in the stroma of chloroplast. phase of photosynthesis
11.Guard cells Surrounding the stomata Regulate the opening and
closing of stomata.
12.Mesophyll cells Situated between the upper Contains chloroplast.
and lower epidermis.
13.RBC/Erythrocytes in the plasma of blood Absorbing and
transporting oxygen
throughout the body.
14.WBC/Leucocytes In the plasma of the blood Phagocytosis,protection
against infections.
15.Platelets In the plasma of blood Blood clotting
16.Pericardium The double layered covering of Protects the heart from
the heart mechanical shocks and
reduces friction.
17.Aorta Largest artery of the body Supplies oxygenated
arising from the left ventricle of blood from blood to all
the heart. the parts of the body.
18.Pulmonary artery Arises from the right ventricle Carries deoxygenated
blood from the heart to
the lungs.
19.Pulmonary vein Arising from the lungs Carries oxygenated blood
from the lungs to the
heart/left auricle
20.Pulmonary At the origin of pulmonary Prevents the back flow of
semilunar valve artery from the right auricle blood in to the right
auricle.
21.Aortic semilunar At the origin of aorta from the Prevents the back flow of
valve left ventricle blood into the left
ventricle.
22.chordae Arise from the papillary Hold the flaps of
tendinae muscles of the ventricular walls atrioventricular valves in
position.
23.coronary artery Arise from the base of aorta at Supplies oxygenated
its origin from the left ventricle. blood to the heart
muscles.
24.Mitral Between the left auricle and Prevents the backflow of
valve/bicuspid valve left ventricle blood from left ventricle
to left auricle during
ventricular systole.
25.tricuspid valve Between the right auricle and Prevents the backflow of
right ventricle blood from right ventricle
to right ventricle during
ventricular systole.
26.SA Located in the walls of the right Initiates the impulse to
node/Pacemaker auricle near the opening of start the heart beat.
superior vena cava
27.AV node Near the intraventricular Controls the passage of
septum near the tricuspid valve impulse from atria to
ventricles
28.Hepatic vein Arises in the liver and joins the Carrries deoxygenated
posterior vena cava. blood from liver to heart
29.Hepatic portal Arise from the small intestine Carries the digested
vein from capillaries and ends in nutrients from the small
capillaries in the liver intestine to the liver for
storage