CHAPTER 5 : ANALYTIC GEOMETRY (PARABOLA)

1. Express the following parabolas in standard form, and state its vertex,
(c) x = 2 t  2  , y = t + 42
focus, directrix and length of latus rectum. 2
(d) x = 4 sin θ , y = cos 2θ
 t t
Hence, sketch its graph.
2 2
2 16
(e) x = t + , y = 4t + 16 +2 (f) x = 1 – 2 cos 2θ , y = 2 sin θ + 1
(a) y + 8x – 16 = 0 (b) y – 4x – 8 = 0 t2 t
2 2
(c) x – 12y + 24 = 0 (d) x – 8x – 8y + 24 = 0
2 2 2
(e) y – 4y – 8x + 12 = 0 (f) y + 2y + 4x – 3 = 0 1 (a) y = –8(x – 2) ; (2, 0) ; (0, 0) ; x = 4 ; 8
2
(b) y = 4(x + 2) ; (–2, 0) ; (–1, 0) ; x = –3 ; 4
2. Find the equation of the parabolas (in standard form) which satisfied the 2
following prescribed conditions, and sketch the parabolas. (c) x = 12(y – 2) ; (0, 2) ; (0, 5) ; y = –1 ; 12
2
(a) Vertex (0, 0) ; focus (4, 0) (b) Vertex (0, 0) ; focus (0, 2) (d) (x – 4) = 8(y – 1) ; (4, 1) ; (4, 3) ; y = –1 ; 8
2
(c) Vertex (2, 0) ; directrix x = 0 (d) Vertex (0, 4) ; focus (0, 2) (e) (y – 2) = 8(x – 1) ; (1, 2) ; (3, 2) ; x = –1 ; 8
(e) Vertex (4, –2) ; directrix x = 8 (f) Vertex (0, 2) ; focus (–2, 2) (f)
2
(y + 1) = –4(x – 1) ; (1, –1) ; (0, –1) ; x = 2 ; 4
(g) Vertex (2, 4) ; focus (4, 4) (h) Vertex (–2, 2) ; directrix y = 8 2 2
2 (a) y = 16x (b) x = 8y
(i) Vertex (0, 4) ; focus (4, 4)
2 2
(c) y = 8(x – 2) (d) x = –8(y – 4)
2 2
3. Find the equation of the following parabolas (in standard form) which satisfied (e) (y + 2) = –16(x – 4) (f) (y – 2) = –8x
the following prescribed conditions and state its focus, 2 2
(g) (y – 4) = 8(x – 2) (h) (x + 2) = –24(y – 2)
Hence, sketch its graphs.
2
(i) (y – 4) = 16x
(a) Axis parallel to y-axis, vertex at (2, 1) and passing through (6, 5).
2 2
(b) Axis parallel to y-axis, vertex at (–2, 4) and passing through (2, 6). 3 (a) (x – 2) = 4(y – 1) ; (2, 2) (b) (x + 2) = 8(y – 4) ; (–2, 6)
2 2
(c) Axis parallel to y-axis, vertex at (4, 0) and passing through (0, –2). (c) (x – 4) = –8y ; (4, –2) (d) (y + 2) = –12(x – 2) ; (–1, –2)
(d) Axis parallel to x-axis, vertex at (2, –2) and passing through (–1, –8). 2
(e) (y – 2) = 12(x – 3) ; (6, 2) (f)
2
(y + 1) = –16(x + 3) ; (–7, –1)
(e) Axis parallel to x-axis, vertex at (3, 2) and passing through (6, 8).
(b) (x – 1) = y + 1 ; (1, –1) ; (1, – 3 )
2 2
4 (a) (y – 1) = 1 x ; (0, 1) ; ( 1 , 1)
(f) Axis parallel to x-axis, vertex at (–3, –1) and passing through (–4, –5). 2 8 4
2 2
(c) x = 4(y – 4) ; (0, 4) ; (0, 5) (d) x = 8(1 – y) ; (0, 1) ; (0, –1)
4. Find the Cartesian equation of the following parabolas in standard form, 2
and state its vertex and focus. (e) (y – 2) = 16(x + 8) ; (–8, 2) ; (–4, 2)

(y – 1) = x + 1 ; (–1, 1) ; (– 3 , 1)
Hence, sketch the parabolas. 2
(f)
2
4
(a) x = 2t , y = 1 – t (b) x = 2 + t , y = t(t + 2)

E5-1
ELLIPSE
1. Sketch the following ellipses, and state its centre, vertices, foci,
length of latus rectum and length of axes. 1 (a) (2, 0) ; (–2, 0), (6, 0) ; (2 + 2 3 , 0), (2 – 2 3 , 0) ; 2, 8, 4

( x  2) 2 y2 x2 ( y  3) 2 (b) (0, –3) ; (0, –8), (0, 2) ; (0, –7), (0, 1) ; 18 , 10, 6
(a) + =1 (b) + =1 5
16 4 9 25

( x  1)2 ( y  4)2 ( x  1)2 ( y  1)2 (c) (1, –4) ; (–9, -4), (11, –4) ; (–5, –4), (7, –4) ; 64 , 20, 16
(c) + =1 (d) + =1 5
100 64 16 25
(d) (–1, 1) ; (–1, 6), (–1, –4) ; (–1, 4), (–1, –2) ; 32 , 10, 8
5
2. Express the following ellipses in standard form, and state its centre,
vertices, foci, length of latus rectum and length of axes. x2 y2
2 (a) + = 1 ; (0, 0) ; (0, –5), (0, 5) ; (0, –3), (0, 3) ; 32 , 10, 8
Hence, sketch its graph. 25 16 5
2 2 2 2 2 y2
(a) 16x + 25y = 400 (b) 9x + y = 9 (b) x + = 1 ; (0, 0) ; (0, –3), (0, 3) ; (0, ± 2 2 ) ; 2 , 6, 2
9 3
2 2 2 2
(c) 4x + y – 4y = 0 (d) 9x + 4y + 36x – 24y + 36 = 0
2 2 2 2 2 ( y  2)2
(e) 4x + 16y – 40x – 64y + 100 = 0 (f) 4x + 5y + 8x – 40y + 64 = 0 (c) x + = 1 ; (0, 2) ; (0, 0), (0, 4) ; (0, 2 ± 3 ) ; 1, 4, 2
4
( x  2)2 ( y  3) 2
(d) + = 1 ; (–2, 3) ; (–2, 0), (–2, 6) ; (–2, 3 ± 5 ) ; 8 , 6, 4
4 9 3
3. Express the following ellipses in general form and sketch its graphs.

(a) x = cos θ + 2 , y = 3 sin θ – 1 (b) x = 2 sin θ + 2 , y = 3 cos θ + 1 ( x  5)2 ( y  2)2

(e) + = 1 ; (5, 2) ; (1, 2), (9, 2) ; (5 ± 2 3 , 2) ; 2, 8, 4
16 4
(c) x = 3 cos θ + 3 , y = 5 sin θ – 5 (d) x = 4 sin θ + 4 , y = 7 cos θ + 3 ( x  1)2 ( y  4)2
(f) + = 1 ; (–1, 4) ; (–1 ± 5 , 4) ; (–2, 4), (0, 4) ; 8 , 2 5 , 4
5 4 5
2 2 2 2
4. Find the equation of the ellipses (in standard form) which satisfied the following 3 (a) 9x + y – 36x + 2y + 28 = 0 (b) 3x + 4y – 12x – 8y + 4 = 0
prescribed conditions, and sketch the ellipses. 2 2 2 2
(c) 25x + 9y – 150x + 90y + 225 = 0 (d) 7x + 16y – 56x – 96y + 144 = 0
(a) Foci (–8, 4), (–2, 4) ; vertex (0, 4)
(b) Foci (4, 4), (4, 16) ; vertex (4, 0) ( x  5)2 ( y  4)2 ( x  4)2 ( y  10) 2
4 (a) + =1 (b) + =1
25 16 64 100
(c) Foci (0, 4 ± 3 ) ; vertex (0, 2)
2 ( y  4) 2 ( x  1)2 2
(c) x + =1 (d) + (y + 1) = 1
(d) Focus (1 + 2 2 , –1) ; vertices (–2, –1), (4, –1) 4 9
( x  2)2 ( y  1)2 ( x  2)2 ( y  3)2
(e) Focus (0, –1) ; vertices (–2, –1), (6, –1) (e) + =1 (f) + =1
16 12 5 9
(f) Focus (–2, 5) ; vertices (–2, 0), (–2, 6)

E5-2
HYPERBOLA
1. Sketch the following hyperbola, and state its centre, vertices, foci, 1 (a) (2, 0) ; (–2, 0) , (6, 0) ; (–3, 0) , (7, 0) ; y = ± 3 (x – 2)
and asymptotes. 4

( x  2) 2 y2 ( y  3)2 x2 (b) (0, –3) ; (0, –7) , (0, 1) ; (0, –8) , (0, 2) ; y = –3 ± 4 x
(a) – =1 (b) – =1 3
16 9 16 9
(c) (1, –4) ; (–5, –4), (7, –4) ; (–9, –4), (11, –4) ; y = –4 ± 4 (x – 1)
( x  1)2 ( y  4)2 ( y  1)2 ( x  1)2 3
(c) – =1 (d) – =1
36 64 4 12
(d) (1, –1) ; (1, –3) , (1, 1) ; (1, –5) , (1, 3) ; y = –1 ± 1 (x – 1)
3
2. Express the following hyperbolas in standard form, and state its vertices,
x2 y2
foci, and asymptotes. 2 (a) – = 1 ; (±4, 0) ; (±5, 0) ; y = ± 3 x
16 9 4
Hence, sketch its graph.
2 2 2 2 y2 x2
(a) 9x – 16y = 144 (b) 4x – 5y + 20 = 0 (b) – = 1 ; (0, ±2) ; (0, ±3) ; y = ± 2 x
4 5 5
2 2 2 2
(c) 16x – 9y – 64x = 0 (d) 4x – 16y + 8x – 128y – 316 = 0
( x  2)2 9 y2
= 1 ; (0, 0) , (4, 0) ; (– 4 , 0) , ( 16 , 0) ; y = ± 4 (x – 2)
2 2 2 2
(e) 9x – 4y + 8y + 32 = 0 (f) 4x – 9y – 16x – 54y – 29 = 0 (c) –
4 64 3 3 3

( x  1)2 ( y  4)2
3. Find the equation of the hyperbolas (in standard form) which satisfied the (d) – = 1 ; (–5, –4) , (3, –4) ; (–1 ± 2 5 , –4) ; y = –4 ± 1 (x + 1)
following prescribed conditions, and sketch the hyperbolas. 16 4 2

(a) Vertices (–2, 2) , (4, 2) ; focus (6, 2) ( y  1)2 x2

(e) – = 1 ; (0, –2) , (0, 4) ; (0, 1 ± 13 ) ; y = 1 ± 3 x
9 4 2
(b) Vertices (–3, –3) , (–1, –3) ; focus (1, –3)
(c) Vertex (–1, 1) ; foci (–1, 0) , (–1, 6) ( y  3)2 ( x  2)2
(f) – = 1 ; (2, –5) , (2, –1) ; (2, –3 ± 13 ) ; y = –3 ± 2 (x – 2)
4 9 3
(d) Vertex (3, –8) ; foci (3, –9) , (3, 1)

( x  1)2 ( y  2 )2 2 ( y  3 )2
3 (a) – =1 (b) (x + 2) – =1
9 16 8
4. Express the following hyperbolas in general form, and sketch its graphs.

(a) x = tan θ + 2 , y = 2 sec θ – 2 (b) x = 2 tan θ + 3 , y = 5 sec θ + 2 ( y  3 )2 ( x  1)2 ( y  4 )2 ( x  3 )2

(c) – =1 (d) – =1
4 5 16 9
(c) x = 3 sec θ + 4 , y = 4 tan θ – 3
2 2 2 2
4 (a) 4x – y – 16x + 4y + 16 = 0 (b) 5x – 4y – 30x + 16y + 49 = 0
2 2
(c) 16x – 9y – 128x – 54y + 31 = 0

E5-3