Expt.
Sonometer I (Law of length ) Date
No. 4
Aim:To study the relation between frequency and length of a given wire under constant tension using
Sonometer.
Exam. Slips: sonometerI Long Expt. 10 marks
1)You are given five tuning forks of known frequencies. Keeping tension constant determine the
length of the wire vibrating in unison with each tuning fork. Hence verify the law of length
(n l= constant)
2)You are given four tuning forks of known frequencies. Keeping tension constant determine
the length of the wire vibrating in unison with each tuning fork. Also determine the vibrating
length of same wire for the same tension for unknown frequency of tuning fork. Hence
determine the unknown frequency.
3) You are given five tuning forks of known frequencies .Keeping tension constant determine
the length (L) of the wire vibrating in unison with each tuning fork .
Plot a graph of 1/ Lagainst frequency. From graph draw conclusion
Short Expt. 5marks
Youare given a tuning fork of unknown frequency. For suitable tension determine the
length of the wire vibrating in unison with given tuning fork. Using the given value of n =,
Determine the value of the unknown frequency.
Apparatus: Sonometer, slotted weights, hanger, set of tuning fork with unknown forks, rubber pad,
paper rider, meter scale.
Formula: 1) n = Where, n= frequency of vibrations of the wire.
T=tension applied to the wire
m= mass per unit length of the wire.
l= vibrating length of the wire
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2) n i.e. n = constant when T and m are kept constant
mean n!
3) n, = where, = vibrating length of string.
m= mass per unit length or linear density of string.
l,= vibrating length of unknown frequency
Diagram:
Hollow wOOden Movable bridges. -Papër rider
box. Wire
Pulley
Sloted weigbts
Tuning fork Holes
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Procedure:
) nd the mass per unit length i.c. lincar density of the wire.
2) The suitable load is placed in the hanger attached to free end of wire,
unit length same throughout the experiment. Keep tension and
)Initially two movable bridges (knife edges) are kept close to each other
on the wire mid-may between knife edges. and paper i
4) Arrange the tuning forks in decreasing order. Set highest frequency tuning rider
fork into
Striking its one prong on rubber pad. Hold the vibrating tuning fork near wire
contact with sonometer box.
S) Increase distance between two movable bridges slowly by
with
taking paper rider at
particular length, the paper rider flutters &thrown off, as resonance takes the
Viora
its
s ti
eon
ms in
requency of wire and frequency of the fork become equal. place whencentre.
6) Measure vibrating length of wire i.e. distance between two movable
) Repeat the procedure for four different tuning forks of known
bridges natural
frequencies and one
8)
unknown frequency. fork
Plot a graph of 1/. against 'n'.
9)Calculate the product in (ne) in each
10) Find the unknown frequency using observation.
Observations: formula.
Tension in the string = -gm.wt
Observation Table:
Obs. Frequency of Vibrating length of the wire n
No. tuning fork n Hz Hz cm
Mean l cm
1
6 Unknown nx lx=...
1/x=.
Mean nl= .Hz-cm
Graph: 1 versesn
Scale m
on X- axis:
On y axis:
Slope = AB/ BC =
o0. 0) n Hz Unknown frequency nx = ..Hz
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