Ain Shams University 3rd Year Electrical Power
Faculty of Engineering System Analysis
Elec. Power & Machines Dept. 2021 - 2022
Sheet (2)
(1) A 60-Hz turbogenerator is rated 500 MVA, 22 kV. It is Y-connected and solidly
grounded and is operating at rated voltage at no load. It is disconnected from the
rest of the system. Its reactance’s are X+ = X- = 0.15 and X0 = 0.05 per unit. Find
the following:
a) The ratio of the subtransient line current for a single line-to-ground fault to the
subtransient line current for a symmetrical three-phase fault.
b) The ratio of the subtransient line current for double line-to-ground fault to the
subtransient line current for a symmetrical three-phase fault.
c) The inductive reactance in ohms to be inserted in the neutral connection of the
generator to limit the subtransient line current for a single line-to-ground fault to
that for a three-phase fault.
(2) A synchronous machine ‘A’ generating 1.0 p.u. Voltage is connected through a
star-star transformer, of reactance 0.1 p.u., to two lines in parallel. The other ends
of lines are connected through a star-star transformer of reactance 0.1 p.u. to a
second machine ‘B’ also generating 1 p.u. voltage. For both transformers X+ = X-
= X0. Calculate the current fed into a double-line to earth-fault on the line side of
the terminals of the transformer fed from A. the impedance’s to sequence’s to
sequence current of each generator and each line are given in p.u. as follows:
Generator A Generator B Each line
Positive Sequence J 0.2 J 0.2 J 0.35
Negative Sequence J 0.2 J 0.15 J 0.35
Zero Sequence J 0.05 J 0.05 J 0.70
The star points of ‘A’ and of the two transformers are solidly earthed. The neutral
of generator ‘B’ is un-earthed.
Page 1 of 4
Ain Shams University 3rd Year Electrical Power
Faculty of Engineering System Analysis
Elec. Power & Machines Dept. 2021 - 2022
(3) The system data for the sample system shown below is given as follows:
MVA Voltage Sequence reactance in p.u.
Element
Rating Rating X+ X- X0
G1 100 33kV 0.2 0.2 0.05
G2 100 33kV 0.2 0.2 0.05
T1 100 33/220kV 0.05 0.05 0.05
T2 100 33/220kV 0.05 0.05 0.05
L1 100 220kV 0.1 0.1 0.3
L2 100 220kV 0.1 0.1 0.3
L3 100 220kV 0.1 0.1 0.3
Current limiting reactors of 0.03 p.u. each are in the neutral of the generators and
their p.u. values are on their generator MVA.
If single line to ground fault occurs at bus 3, compute the fault current and
voltages at bus 3.
(4) For double line to ground fault on bus 3 of the sample system of problem (3),
find the fault current on bus 3.
Page 2 of 4
Ain Shams University 3rd Year Electrical Power
Faculty of Engineering System Analysis
Elec. Power & Machines Dept. 2021 - 2022
(5) The single-line diagram of unloaded power system is shown below. Reactance of
transmission lines are shown on the diagram. The generators and transformers are
rated as follows:
MVA Voltage Sequence reactance in p.u.
Element
Rating Rating X+ X- X0
G1 25 11kV 0.15 0.15 0.04
G2 15 11kV 0.15 0.15 0.04
G3 20 11kV 0.15 0.15 0.04
T1 30 11/110kV 0.1 0.1 0.1
T2 20 11/110kV 0.1 0.1 0.1
T3 30 11/110kV 0.1 0.1 0.1
Grounding Reactors: Xn = 0.1 Ω, Transmission lines: X0 = 3X+ & X+ = X-
Find the short-circuit current fed by the three transformers to a double-line-to
ground fault at bus C. Choose a base of 100 MVA.
Page 3 of 4
Ain Shams University 3rd Year Electrical Power
Faculty of Engineering System Analysis
Elec. Power & Machines Dept. 2021 - 2022
(6) In the power system shown below, a double line-to-ground fault occurs at the
middle of one of the lines. Neglect the effect of the load. Calculate, just after the
occurrence of fault, the voltage of the unfaulty phase at the fault location.
MVA Voltage Sequence reactance in p.u.
Element
Rating Rating X+ X- X0
G 120 22kV 0.15 0.15 0.05
T 120 22/220kV 0.1 0.1 0.1
Grounding Reactors: Xn = 0.1 Ω, Transmission lines: Length = 60 km, X+ = X- =
2 Ω/km, X0 = 6 Ω/km.
Page 4 of 4
Ain Shams University 3rd Year Electrical Power
Faculty of Engineering System Analysis
Elec. Power & Machines Dept. 2021 - 2022
Sheet (2) Cont.
(7) Consider the system shown below, assume a series fault of two-lines-open (TLO)
is occurred on the midpoint of the top line on phases b and c. Draw the following
sequence networks: pre-fault system, computed Thevenin’s equivalents for each
sequence, and the interconnected sequences. Then find the faulted line currents Ia,
Ib, Ic.
(8) In the power system shown below, the reactances are as follows:
G1, G2, M3 : X+ = X- = j 0.2 p.u X0 = j 0.05 p.u Xn = j 0.1 p.u
T1, T2 : X+ = X- = X0 = j 0.1 p.u
Line : X+ = X- = j 0.3 p.u X0 = j 0.9 p.u
VG = 1.2<12⁰ p.u VM = 1<0⁰
For line “a” open fault at point f-f’ (beginning of the line);
a) Obtain positive, negative, and zero sequence Thevinen’s equivalent networks
between f and f’.
b) Obtain positive, negative, and zero sequence currents.
c) Obtain Phase currents.
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