AKSUM UNIVERSITY

AKSUM INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY (AIT)

FACULTY OF ELECTRICAL AND COMPUTERE NGINEERING

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONIC COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

A semister Project on:

Design and Implementation of GSM Based Fire

Monitoring and Alarm System Submitted by:

Name ID Number

1. Kiros seyfu 1101915

2. Selam tsegay 110

3.Efream Araya 1101842

Advisor, Mr.: __________

Submission date: ____
Aksum. Ethiopa.2016E.c

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 ABSTRACT

This paper presents a GSM based fire monitoring and alarm system, which is designed to provide
an efficient and reliable solution for detecting and alerting the occurrence of fire in various
environments. The proposed system utilizes the Global System for Mobile Communications
(GSM) technology, which allows the system to communicate with the user through SMS. The
system consists of two main components: a fire sensor and a GSM module. The proposed system
is designed to be easy to install and operate. The system can be easily installed in various
environments, such as homes, offices, and factories. The user can operate the system through a
simple and user-friendly interface. The user can set the threshold temperature for the fire sensor,
and the system will send an alert when the temperature exceeds the threshold. In conclusion, the
proposed GSM based fire monitoring and alarm system is an efficient and reliable solution for
detecting and alerting the occurrence of fire in various environments. The system utilizes the
GSM technology, which ensures that the system can communicate with the user through SMS or
phone calls. The system is designed to be easy to install and operate, and it is also energy-
efficient. The proposed system has several advantages over traditional fire monitoring and alarm
systems, and it is expected to be widely used in various environments

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Contents
Abstract.............................................................................................................................................i
Contents...........................................................................................................................................ii
List of table.....................................................................................................................................iii
List of Figure..................................................................................................................................iv
Introduction......................................................................................................................................1
1.1 Background............................................................................................................................1
1.2 Statement of problem.............................................................................................................2
1.3 Objective................................................................................................................................3
1.3.1 General Objective............................................................................................................3
1.3.2 Specific Objective...........................................................................................................3
1.4 Significance............................................................................................................................3
1.5 Scope of the Thesis................................................................................................................4
1.6 Literature review....................................................................................................................4
1.7 Methodology..........................................................................................................................5
1.8 Material used..........................................................................................................................7
1.9. Work Schedule Plan........................................................................................................ 87
Reference.........................................................................................................................................9

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List of table
Table 1Proposed work Schedule plan..............................................................................................6
Table 2 Proposed Time Schedule....................................................................................................6

List of Figure
Figure 1 Flowchart of the Methodology..........................................................................................4

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 INTRODUCTION
1.1Background
Fires are among the most severe calamities that have occurred in the local area, causing
destruction, property damage, and even death [1–3]. When compared to other threats, fires have
become a recurring, destructive, and most significant disaster. Fire monitoring and alarm
systems provide a means to measure and identify fire or potential fire outbreak in a building,
inform the user via notification alarm. Safety is a condition of being safe from undergoing or
causing hurt, injury, or loss. One of the safety issues that need to be concerned of is the fire
occurrence at home. Based on the statistics of accidents caused by fire in the house, the number
of deaths is increasing [4].
This is due to the lack of supervision by parents, especially towards the children's safety at
home. Hence this project is design due to the awareness of large number of fire accidents that
are occurring day to day. Fires have become recurrent, destructive and most influential disasters.
With the rapid development of urban construction, the occurrence probability of the great fire
and other special disasters also increased year by year [5].
This is mainly caused by electrical faults in the building installation. Fires in the early detection
and early warning are an important way to extinguish the fires promptly and avoid great
causalities and property loss. Therefore, in some key fire prevention places are required to
install fire monitoring and alarm system. A fire monitoring system is intended to enable a fire to
be detected sufficiently, so that people who are at risk can be made safe either by escaping from
the fire or by the fire being extinguished (also to prevent expensive property damage). Neither
of these measures can be used until people are made aware of fire. The effectiveness of the fire
monitoring and alarm system depends on the stage of the fire. Sensor networks are an emerging
technology consisting of small, low power, and low-cost devices that integrate limited
computation, sensing and remote communication capabilities. This technology has enormous
impact on fire emergency. With the ongoing rapid advances in wireless communication
networks, and the emerging technologies related to small, low power and economically viable
sensors, a new area of an emerging data communication technology is the wireless sensor
networks that can be used to monitor the fire accidents. With the advancement of human day to
day activities, fire-safety has been a primary concern [6].

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The best way to reduce these losses is to respond to the emergency situation as quick as
possible. Fire monitor system render the works of quick detection and alarm notification. The
systems equipped with temperature sensors can detect unfavorable accidental situations, as it
happens, and with the help of a processing unit, which can alert instantly for undertaking
cautious measures. In these fatal situations, early monitor and faster alert yield lesser losses of
property and life. Fire hazards cause sad incidents throughout the world where the fire-safety
measures are dangerous and inadequate [7]. Therefore, in this work, analysis of existing fire
detectors is doing, and then using sensor responsive fire monitoring and alarm system is
designed and implemented. The system is capable of sending alert messages. Automatic fire
monitoring and alarm system provides real-time surveillance, monitoring and alarming.
Generally, Communication is handled by the GSM Module in this circuit. In order to know
where to send data and what kind of data to deliver, it consults the Arduino. It communicates
with a GSM SIM card. A fire monitoring system detects a fire by measuring the surrounding
temperature. If it goes beyond a certain critical point, it alerts the user by sending a text message
to the user phone so that he or she may be able to prevent any serious damage.

1.3 Statement of the problem

The problem statement for GSM Based Fire Monitoring and Alarm System can be described as
follows:
There is a need for an efficient and reliable fire monitoring and alarm system that can detect fire
outbreaks in real-time and notify the relevant authorities and personnel to take necessary action.
The current systems available in the market have certain limitations such as being wired and not
easily scalable, making them difficult to install and maintain. Additionally, these systems may
not provide real-time updates or alerts in case of a fire emergency.
To address these issues, a GSM-based fire monitoring and alarm system is proposed. This
system will be designed to use wireless technology, making it easy to install and expand. It will
be able to detect fire outbreaks through sensors and provide real-time updates to the relevant
authorities and personnel via SMS or voice call. Furthermore, the system will be equipped with
an alarm that will sound when a fire is detected, providing an additional layer of safety.
The proposed system aims to overcome the limitations of the current fire monitoring and alarm
systems and provide a more efficient and reliable solution for fire safety.

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 1.4 OBJECTIVES

1.4.1 General objective

The general objective of the project is to design and implementing GSM based fire monitoring
and alarm system.
1.4.2 Specific objectives
• To design Arduino microcontroller based fire alarm system by using Arduino
code.
• To design temperature sensor circuit interface with Arduino Uno
• To program GSM modem with the Arduino Uno and how to send SMS to user
mobile
• To enhance software simulation knowledge using proteus.

1.4 Significance of the Project

The significance of our thesis lies in its potential to contribute to the
"GSM based fire monitoring and alarm system" is to design and
implement fire alarm & fire monitor system that can be produced at a
low cost with effective and competitive usage.
When compared to other threats, fires have become a recurring, destructive, and most significant
disaster. Fire monitoring and alarm systems provide a means to measure and identify fire or
potential fire outbreak in a building, inform the user via notification alarm. Safety is a condition
of being safe from undergoing or causing hurt, injury, or loss. One of the safety issues that need
to be concerned of is the fire occurrence at home. Based on the statistics of accidents caused by
fire in the house, the number of deaths is increasing so

There is a need for an efficient and reliable fire monitoring and alarm system that can detect fire
outbreaks in real-time and notify the relevant authorities and personnel to take necessary action.
The current systems available in the market have certain limitations such as being wired and not
easily scalable, making them difficult to install and maintain. Additionally, these systems may
not provide real-time updates or alerts in case of a fire emergency.
To address these issues, a GSM-based fire monitoring and alarm system is proposed. This
system will be designed to use wireless technology, making it easy to install and expand. It will
be able to detect fire outbreaks through sensors and provide real-time updates to the relevant

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authorities and personnel via SMS or voice call. Furthermore, the system will be equipped with
an alarm that will sound when a fire is detected, providing an additional layer of safety.
The proposed system aims to overcome the limitations of the current fire monitoring and alarm
systems and provide a more efficient and reliable solution for fire safety.

1.5 The Scope of the Project

The scope of the project "GSM based fire monitoring and alarm system" is to design and
implement fire alarm & fire monitor system that can be produced at a low cost with effective
and competitive usage. To achieve our aim, this project needs to be implemented as:
• Capable to measure the temperature by using temperature sensor
• The Arduino microcontroller is used as the heart of this fire alarm and monitor
system that controls the operations involved.
• The fire alarm control system is capable to identify the room condition where the
fire develop on LCD.
• Capable to send text message using GSM module.

1.6 LITERATURE REVIEW

Extensive research work has been done by the researchers to enhance the performance
parameters of OFDM in the past decades.

Kwon, O.H., Cho, S.M. and Hwang, S.M “Design and Implementation of Fire Detection
System” [8], in this work a review of existing fire-detector types has been carried out along with
the development of a low cost, portable, and reliable microcontroller based automated fire alarm
system for remotely alerting any fire incidents in household or industrial premises. The aim of
the system designed is to alert the distant property-owner efficiently and quickly by sending
short message (SMS) via GSM network. A linear integrated temperature sensor detects
temperature beyond preset value whereas semiconductor type sensor detects presence of smoke
or gas from fire hazards. The sensor units are connected via common data line to ATMega328
microcontroller. A SIM900 GSM kit based network module, capable of operating in standard
GSM bands, has been used to send alert messages. In June 2018, M. Yuvaraju, designed and
built the wireless based on perfunctory fire detection and liberate system, in Anna University
regional campus, Tamilnadu, India. [9], the system was focus on detection and control of the fire

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accident and liberate operation for perfunctory in train. Using a various sensor like temperature
and gas sensor to unceasingly monitoring in each compartments and passing the information
through Global System for Mobile Communication (GSM) Omar Asif, Md. Belayat Hossain,
Mamun Hasan, Mir Toufikur Rahman, Muhammad E.
Lei Zhang1, and Gaofeng Wang2” Design and Implementation of Automatic Fire Alarm System
based on Wireless Sensor Networks”, [7], Fire disaster is a great threat to lives and property.
Automatic fire alarm system provides real-time surveillance, monitoring and automatic alarm. It
sends early alarm when the fire occurs and helps to reduce the fire damage. Wireless sensor
network has become the most important technology in environmental monitoring in recent
years. In order to provide early extinguishing of a fire disaster, large numbers of detectors which
periodically measure smoke concentration or temperature are deployed in buildings. Those
scattered detectors report their monitoring information to the surveillance center via the self
organizing hierarchical wireless sensor networks. Test results from the prototype system show
that the automatic fire alarm system achieves the design requirements. In July 2019, Harjinder
Singh, put forward and designed the fire detection using the wireless sensor, in Graphic Era
University, Dehradun, India. [11], Video Surveillance System is most widely used for detection
of forest fire [12].It is divided into four categories: Video Cameras sensitive in visible spectrum
based on recognition of smoke during day light and fire flames at night, Infrared (IR) Thermal
Imaging cameras based On detection of heat flux from the fire, IR Spectrometer which identify
spectral characteristics of smoke gases and Light Detection and Ranging (LIDAR) system which
measures the laser light backscattered by smoke particles. The limitation of these systems was
high false alarm rate due to atmospheric conditions.

1.7 Methodology
The proposed methodologies to achieve the objectives of the thesis work will be as follows:

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 Problem identification and Collection
of literature

System modeling

Simulation of the system models

developed

Performance evaluation of the system:

Analysis and interpretation of the

results

Figure 1 Flowchart of the Methodology

1. Literature review: This study will involve reviewing books, articles, research papers,
simulation tools, and other resources related to the topic.

2. System modeling: The whole system design is divided into two parts to design a fire
monitoring system. One is the design the system in the breadboard and monitor the designed
system. Another part is the display part design to send SMS. In this project Arduino and GSM
SMS module is the heart of fire monitoring alarm system and they development board is more
efficient.

3. Simulation of the system models developed: The project requires procedures from getting
information on how each part functions, constructing the block diagram and the simulation
circuit in the proteus software.

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4. Performance evaluation of the system: The performance of the newly proposed design and
implementing GSM based fire monitoring and alarm system will be evaluated in terms of
performance of GSM system

5. Analysis and interpretation of the results: The performance improvements achieved by

using the proposed system will be presented and analyzed."

1.8 Material used

Hard ware

Computer

Software

proteus //GSM SYSTEM

1.9. Work Schedule Plan

Here are my activities and time schedules of upcoming three month.

Activities Duration
Problem identification and Collection of One Weeks
literature
Study of Literature One Weeks
Analysis of Proposed Scheme Two Weeks
Preparation of Scheme/Model Two Weeks
Implementation of Scheme/Model Two Weeks
Analysis and Simulations Two Weeks
Result Formulation One Weeks
Final Write-up & Thesis Submission One Weeks

Table 1 Proposed work Schedule plan

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 Activity Mar 5,2016 Apr 01, May 01, 2016
2016
Problem identification √
Collection of Literature √
Study of Literature √
Analysis of Proposed Scheme √
Preparation of Scheme/Model √
Implementation Scheme/Model √
Analysis and Simulation √
Result Formulation √
Final Write-up & Project Submission √

Table 2 Proposed Time Schedule

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 References
[1] L Chun-yuan, "Design of Intelligent Fire Alarm System Based on GSM
Network," no. Iceoe, pp. 393– 396, 2011.. [2] S Suresh, ] "Fire Monitoring and
Warning System for the Home,", 2016. [3] Z. Z. Y. A. O. H.-w. a. L. D. L I U Fei,
"Application of Aspirating Smoke Detectors at the University of Hong Kong,"
Procedia Engineering,, Vols. vol. 52, no. 6, pp. 671–675,, 2013. [4] "]
http://www.circuitstoday.com/Interfacing LCD Module to Arduino," [Online]. [5]
Y. ] Zeng, C. Sreenan, L. Sitanayah, N. Xiong and J. ‘. e.-. a. r. s. f. w. s. n. f. b. f.
h. m. S. Z. G. ,. 1. 2. Park, ‘‘An emergency- adaptive routing scheme for wireless
sensor networks for building fire hazard monitoring, Sensors”, 2011. [6] An
Introduction to Fire Detection, Alarm, and Automatic Fire Sprinklers, 01
December 2011.. [7] a. G. W. Lei Zhang1, Design and Implementation of
Automatic Fire Alarm System based on Wireless Sensor Networks”,. [8] O. C. S.
a. H. S. ] Kwon, “The Design and Implementation of Fire Smoke Detection System
Based on FPGA ”. Proceedings of the 24th Control and Decision Conference, ,
Taiyuan,, 23-25 May 2012. [9] i. A. U. r. c. M. Yuvaraju, designed and built the
wireless based on perfunctory fire detection and liberate system,, Tamilnadu , India
, In June 2016,. [10] M. B. H. M. H. M. T. R. M. E. H. ]

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