A98 APP.

5 Tables

Table A7 Normal Distribution

Values of the distribution function <1>(.::) [see (3). Sec. 24.81. <1>( -~) = 1 - <1>(z)
z <1>(~) z <1>(;:) z <1>(~) ~ <P(~) <. <1>(~) z <1>(~)

u. u. u. u. u. u.
0.01 5040 0.51 6950 loOI 8438 1.51 9345 2.01 9778 2.51 9940
0.02 5080 0.52 6985 lo02 8461 1.52 9357 2.02 9783 2.52 9941
0.03 5120 0.53 7019 1.03 8485 1.53 9370 2.03 9788 2.53 9943
0.04 5160 0.54 7054 1.04 8508 1.54 9382 2.04 9793 2.54 9945
0.05 5199 0.55 7088 1.05 8531 1.55 9394 2.05 9798 2.55 9946
0.06 5239 0.56 7123 1.06 8554 1.56 9406 2.06 9R03 2.5ti 9948
0.07 5279 0.57 7157 1.07 8577 1.57 9418 2.07 9808 2.57 9949
0.08 5319 0.58 7190 1.08 8599 1.58 9429 2.08 9812 2.58 9951
0.09 5359 0.59 7224 1.09 8621 1.59 9441 2.09 9817 2.59 9952
0.10 5398 0.60 7257 1.10 8643 1.60 9452 2.10 9821 2.60 9953
0.11 5438 0.61 7291 1.11 8665 1.61 94ti3 HI 982ti 2.61 9955
0.12 5478 0.62 7324 1.12 8686 1.62 9474 2.12 9830 2.62 9956
0.13 5517 0.63 7357 1.13 8708 1.63 9484 2.13 9834 2.63 9957
0.14 5557 0.64 7389 1.14 8729 1.64 9495 2.14 9838 2.64 9959
0.15 5596 0.65 7422 1.15 8749 1.65 9505 2.15 9842 2.65 9960
0.16 5636 0.66 7454 1.16 8770 1.66 9515 2.16 9846 2.66 9961
0.17 5675 0.67 7486 1.17 8790 1.67 9525 2.17 9850 2.67 9962
0.18 5714 0.68 7517 1.18 8810 1.68 9535 2.18 9854 2.68 9963
0.19 5753 0.69 7549 1.19 8830 1.69 9545 2.19 9857 2.69 9964
0.20 5793 0.70 7580 1.20 8849 1.70 9554 2.20 9861 2.70 9965
0.21 5832 0.71 7611 1.21 8869 1.71 9564 2.21 9864 2.71 9966
0.22 5871 0.72 7642 1.22 8888 1.72 9573 2.22 9868 2.72 9967
0.23 5910 0.73 7ti73 1.23 8907 1.73 9582 2.23 9871 2.73 9968
0.24 5948 0.74 7704 1.24 8925 1.74 9591 2.24 9875 2.74 9969
0.25 5987 0.75 7734 1.25 8944 1.75 9599 2.25 9878 2.75 9<)70
0.26 6026 0.76 7764 1.26 8962 1.76 9608 2.26 9RRI 2.76 9971
0.27 6064 0.77 7794 1.27 8980 1.77 9616 2.27 9884 2.77 9972
0.28 6103 0.78 7823 1.28 8997 1.78 9625 2.28 9887 2.78 9973
0.29 6141 0.79 7852 1.29 9015 1.79 9633 2.29 98<)0 2.79 9974
I
0.30 6179 0.80 7881 1.30 9032 1.80 9641 2.30 9893 2.80 9974
0.31 6217 0.81 7910 1.31 9049 1.81 9649 2.31 9896 2.81 9975
0.32 6255 0.82 7939 1.32 9066 1.82 9656 2.32 9898 2.82 9976
0.33 6293 0.83 7967 1.33 9082 lo83 9664 2.33 9901 2.83 9977
0.34 6331 0.84 7995 1.34 9099 1.84 9671 2.34 9904 2.84 9977
0.35 ti3tiR 0.85 8023 1.35 9115 1.85 9678 2.35 9906 2.85 9<)78
0.36 6406 0.86 8051 1.36 9131 1.86 9686 2.36 9909 2.86 9979
0.37 6443 0.87 8078 1.37 <)147 1.87 9693 2.37 9911 2.87 9979
0.38 6480 0.88 8106 1.38 9162 1.88 9699 2.38 9913 2.88 9980
0.39 6517 0.89 8133 1.39 9177 1.89 9706 2.39 9916 2.89 9981
0.40 6554 0.90 8159 lAO 9192 1.90 9713 2AO 9918 2.90 9981
OAI 6591 0.91 8186 1.41 9207 1.91 9719 2.41 9920 2.91 9982
OA2 6628 0.92 8212 1.42 9222 1.92 9726 2A2 9922 2.92 9982
OA3 6664 0.93 8238 1.43 9236 1.93 9732 2.43 9925 2.93 9983
0.44 6700 0.94 8264 1.44 9251 1.94 9738 2.-14 9927 2.94 9984
OA5 6736 0.95 8289 lA5 9265 1.95 9744 2A5 <)929 2.95 9984
OA6 6772 0.96 8315 1.46 9279 1.96 9750 2A6 9931 2.96 9985
OA7 6808 0.97 8340 1.47 <)292 1.97 9756 2A7 9932 2.97 9<)85
0.48 6844 0.98 8365 1.48 9306 1.98 9761 2A8 9934 2.98 9986
OA9 6879 0.99 8389 1.49 9319 1.99 9767 2.49 9936 2.99 9986
I 0.50 6915 1.00 8413 1.50 9332 2.00 9772 2.50 9938 3.00 9987
-
APP. 5 Tables A99

Table AS Normal Distribution

Values of z for given values of cI>(z) [see (3). Sec. 24.8] and D(-;.) cI>(-;.) - cI>( - z)
Example: -;. = 0.279 if cI>(-;.) = 61 %; z = 0.860 if D(-;.) = 61 %.
% ~(<1» z(D) % z(<1» ~(D) % :(<1» :(D)

1 -2.326 0.013 41 -0.22S 0.539 SI 0.S7S 1.311

2 -2.054 0.025 42 -0.202 0.553 82 0.915 1.341
3 -1.881 0.038 43 -0.176 0.568 83 0.954 1.372
4 -1.751 0.050 44 -0.151 0.583 84 0.994 1.405
5 -1.645 0.063 45 -0.126 0.598 85 1.036 1.440

6 -1.555 0.075 46 -0.100 0.613 86 1.080 1.476

7 -1.476 0.088 47 -0.075 0.628 S7 1.126 1.514
8 -1.405 0.100 48 -0.050 0.643 88 1.175 1.555
9 -1.341 0.113 49 -0.025 0.659 89 1.227 1.598
10 -1.282 0.126 50 0.000 0.674 90 1.282 1.645

11 -1.227 0.138 51 0.025 0.690 91 1.341 1.695

12 -1.175 0.151 52 0.050 0.706 92 1.405 1.751
13 -1.126 0.164 53 0.075 0.722 93 1.476 1.812
14 -1.080 0.176 54 0.100 0.739 94 1.555 1.881
15 -1.036 0.IS9 55 0.126 0.755 95 1.645 1.960

16 -0.994 0.202 56 0.151 0.772 96 1.751 2.054

17 -0.954 0.215 57 0.176 0.789 97 1.881 2.170
18 -0.915 0.228 58 0.202 0.806 97.5 1.9{)() 2.241
19 -0.878 0.240 59 0.228 0.824 98 2.054 2.326
20 -0.842 0.253 60 0.253 0.842 99 2.326 2.576

21 -0.806 0.266 61 0.279 0.860 99.1 2.366 2.612

22 -0.772 0.279 62 0.305 0.878 99.2 2.409 2.652
23 -0.739 0.292 63 0.332 0.896 99.3 2.457 2.697
24 -0.706 0.305 64 0.358 0.915 99.4 2.512 2.748
25 -0.674 0.319 65 0.385 0.935 99.5 2.576 2.807

26 - 0.643 0.332 66 0.412 0.954 99.6 2.652 2.878

27 - 0.613 0.345 67 0.-140 0.974 99.7 2.748 2.968
2R -0.5S3 0.358 68 0.468 0.994 99.8 2.878 3.090
29 -0.553 0.372 69 0.496 1.015 99.9 3.090 3.291
30 -0.524 0.385 70 0.524 1.036
- --
31 -0.496 0.399 71 0.553 1.058 99.91 3.121 3.320
32 -0.468 0.412 72 0.583 1.080 99.92 3.156 3.353
33 -0.-140 0.-1-26 73 0.613 1.103 99.93 3.195 3.390
34 -0.412 0.440 74 0.643 1.126 99.94 3.239 3.432
35 -0.385 0.454 75 0.674 1.150 99.95 3.291 3.481

36 -0.358 0.468 76 0.706 1.175 99.96 3.353 3.540

37 -0.332 0.482 77 0.739 1.200 99.97 3.432 3.615
38 -0.305 0.496 78 0.772 1.227 99.98 3.540 3.719
39 -0.279 0.510 79 O.S06 1.254 99.99 3.719 3.891
40 -0.253 0.524 80 0.842 1.282
,
A100 APP. 5 Tables

Table A9 t-Distribution
Values of z for given values of the distribution function F(z) (see (8) in Sec. 25.3).
Example: For 9 degrees of freedom, z = 1.83 when F(z) = 0.95.
Number of Degrees of Freedom
F(:)
L 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

0.5 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
0.6 0.32 0.29 0.28 0.27 0.27 0.26 0.26 0.26 0.26 0.26
0.7 0.73 0.62 0.58 0.57 0.56 0.55 0.55 0.55 0.54 0.54
0.8 1.38 1.06 0.98 0.94 0.92 0.91 0.90 0.89 0.88 0.88
0.9 3.08 1.89 1.64 1.53 1.48 1.44 1.41 1.40 1.38 1.37

0.95 6.31 2.92 2.35 2.13 2.02 1.94 1.89 1.86 1.83 1.81
0.975 12.7 4.30 3.18 2.78 2.57 2.45 2.36 2.31 2.26 2.23
I
0.99 31.8 6.96 4.54 3.75 3.36 3.14 3.00 2.90 2.82 2.76

l 0.995
0.999
63.7
318.3
9.92
22.3
5.84
10.2
4.60
7.17
4.03
5.89
3.71
5.21
3.50
4.79
3.36
4.50
3.25
4.30
3.17
4.14

Number of Degrees of Freedom

F(~)
20
II 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
II 19

U.S 0.00 U.OO U.OO U.OO !l.OO O.UU U.OU 0.00 U.OO U.UU
0.6 0.26 0.26 0.26 0.26 0.26 0.26 0.26 0.26 0.26 0.26
0.7 0.54 0.54 0.54 0.54 0.54 0.54 0.53 0.53 0.53 0.53
0.8 0.88 0.87 0.87 0.87 0.87 0.86 0.86 0.86 0.86 0.86
0.9 1.36 1.36 1.35 1.35 1.34 1.34 1.33 1.33 1.33 1.33

0.95 1.80 1.78 1.77 1.76 1.75 1.75 1.74 1.73 1.73 1.72
0.975 2.20 2.18 2.16 2.14 2.13 2.12 2.11 2.10 2.09 2.09
0.99 2.72 2.68 2.65 2.62 2.60 2.58 2.57 2.55 2.54 2.53
0.995 3.11 3.05 3.01 2.98 2.95 2.92 2.90 2.88 2.86 2.85
I 0.999 4.02 3.93 3.85 3.79 3.73 3.69 3.65 3.61 3.58 I 3.55

Number of Degrees of Freedom

F(:)
22 24 26 28 30 40 50 100 200 ex:

0.5 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
0.6 0.26 0.26 0.26 0.26 0.26 0.26 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.25
0.7 0.53 0.53 0.53 0.53 0.53 0.53 0.53 0.53 0.53 0.52
0.8 0.86 0.86 0.86 0.85 0.85 0.85 0.85 0.85 0.84 0.84
0.9 1.32 1.32 1.31 1.31 1.31 1.30 1.30 1.29 1.29 1.28

0.95 1.72 1.71 1.71 1.70 1.70 1.68 1.68 1.66 1.65 1.65
0.975 2.07 2.06 2.06 2.05 2.04 2.02 2.01 1.98 1.97 1.96
0.99 2.51 2.49 2.48 2.47 2.46 2.42 2.40 2.36 2.35 2.33
I 0.995 2.82 2.80 2.78 2.76 2.75 2.70 2.68 2.63 2.60 2.58
0.999 3.50 3.47 3.43 3.41 3.39 3.31 3.26 3.17 3.13 3.09
I
APP. 5 Tables A10l

Table A10 Chi-square Distribution

Values of x for given values of the distribution function F(z) (see Sec. 25.3 before (17)).
Example: For 3 degrees of freedom, z = 1l.34 when F(z.) = 0.99.
Number of Degrees of Freedom
F(z)
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
- -
0.005 0.00 0.01 0.07 0.21 0.41 0.68 0.99 1.34 1.73 2.16
0.01 0.00 0.02 0.11 0.30 0.55 0.87 1.24 1.65 2.09 2.56
0.025 0.00 0.05 0.22 0.48 0.83 1.24 1.69 2.18 2.70 3.25
0.05 0.00 0.10 0.35 0.71 US 1.64 2.17 "2.73 3.33 3.94

0.95 3.84 5.99 7.81 9.49 11.07 12.59 14.07 15.51 16.92 18.31
0.975 5.02 7.38 9.35 11.14 12.83 14.45 16.01 17.53 19.02 20.48
0.99 6.63 9.21 11.34 13.28 15.09 16.81 18A8 20.09 21.67 23.21
0.995 7.88 10.60 12.84 14.86 16.75 18.55 20.28 21.95 23.59 25.19
-

Number of Degrees of Freedom

F(z)
11 12 13 14 IS 16 17 18 19 20

0.005 2.60 3.07 3.57 4.07 4.60 5.14 5.70 6.26 6.84 7.43
0.01 3.05 3.57 4.11 4.66 5.23 5.81 6.41 7.01 7.63 8.26
0.025 3.82 4.40 5.01 5.63 6.26 6.91 7.56 8.23 8.91 9.59
0.05 4.57 5.23 5.89 6.57 7.26 7.96 8.67 9.39 10.12 10.85

0.95 19.68 21.03 22.36 23.68 25.00 26.30 27.59 28.87 30.14 31.41
0.975 21.92 23.34 24.74 26.12 27.49 28.85 30.19 31.53 32.85 34.17
0.99 24.72 26.22 27.69 29.14 30.58 32.00 33.41 34.81 36.19 37.57
0.995 26.76 28.30 29.82 31.32 32.80 34.27 35.72 37.16 38.58 40.00
~
-'-- -- -~ -- -~

Number of Degrees of Freedom

F(::J
21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30

0.005 8.0 8.6 9.3 9.9 10.5 11.2 11.8 12.5 13.1 13.8
0.01 8.9 9.5 10.2 10.9 11.5 12.2 12.9 13.6 14.3 15.0
0.0"25 10.3 11.0 11.7 12.4 13.1 13.8 14.6 15.3 16.0 16.8
0.05 11.6 12.3 13.1 13.8 14.6 15.4 16.2 16.9 17.7 18.5

0.95 32.7 33.9 35.2 36.4 37.7 38.9 40.1 41.3 42.6 43.8
0.975 35.5 36.8 38.1 39.4 40.6 41.9 43.2 44.5 45.7 47.0
0.99 38.9 40.3 41.6 43.0 44.3 45.6 47.0 48.3 49.6 50.9
0.995 41..1- 42.8 44.2 45.6 46.9 48.3 49.6 51.0 52.3 53.7

Number of Degrees of Freedom

F(z)
40 50 60 70 80 90 100 > 100 (Approximation)
0.005 20.7 28.0 35.5 43.3 51."2 59."2 67.3 !(h - 2.58)2
0.01 22.2 29.7 37.5 45.4 53.5 61.8 70.1 !(h - 2.33)2
0.025 24.4 32.4 40.5 48.8 57.2 65.6 74.2 !(h - 1.96)2
0.05 26.5 34.8 43.2 51.7 60.4 69.1 77.9 !(h - 1.64)2

0.95 55.8 67.5 79.1 90.5 101.9 113.1 124.3 !(h + 1.(4)2
0.975 59.3 71.4 83.3 95.0 106.6 118.1 129.6 !(h + 1.96)2
0.99 63.7 76.2 88.4 100.4 112.3 124.1 135.8 ~(h + "2.33)2
L 0.995 66.8 79.5 92.0
--
104.2 116.3 1"28.3 140.2 WI + 2.58)2
In the last column, h = ~, where III IS the nUlllbel of degree~ of freedom.