5. A centrifugal pump is used to raise water against a static head of 18.0 m.
The suction and
delivery pipes, both 0.15 m in diameter, have, respectively, friction head losses amounting to
2.25 and 7.5 times the dynamic head. The impeller, which rotates at 1450 rev/min, is 0.25 m
diameter with eight vanes, radius ratio 0.45, inclined backwards at β’2= 60°. The axial width of
the impeller is designed to give constant radial velocity at all radii and is 20 mm at the impeller
exit. Assuming a hydraulic efficiency of 0.82 and an overall efficiency of 0.72, determine.
i. the volume flow rate;
ii. the slip factor using Busemann’s method;
iii. the impeller vane inlet angle required for zero incidence angle;
iv. the power required to drive the pump.
b2 ≔ 20 mm D2 ≔ 0.25 m ω ≔ 1450 rpm HS ≔ 18 m
c2 4.875 ⋅ c 2
ηh ≔ 0.82 β2' ≔ 60 deg d ≔ 0.15 m ( ) (
HL (c) ≔ (2.25 + 7.5 )
) ―― → ―――
2g g
kg
i. To calculate the volume flow rate... ρ ≔ 998 ――
m3
4 Q float , 4 56.59 ⋅ Q c 2 float , 4 17210.0 ⋅ Q 2
c ≔ ―― ――― → ――― H
H≔ S + H (c) +
L ( ) ―― ――― → ―――― + 18.0 ⋅ m
π ⋅ d2 m2 2g g ⋅ m4
Velocity Triangle>>
D2 m
U2 ≔ ω ⋅ ―― = 18.98 ―
2 s
U2 ⋅ cθ2
substitute , Hi ＝ ―――
g
H float , 4 0.9483 ⋅ g ⋅ s 906.7 ⋅ Q 2 ⋅ s
ηh ＝ ― ―――――――→ 0.82 ＝ ――――+ ――――
Hi cθ2 cθ2 ⋅ m 5
Q float , 4 0.003354 ⋅ Q ⋅ s
ϕ2 ((Q)) ≔ ――――― ――― → ―――――
π ⋅ D2 ⋅ b2 ⋅ U2 m 2 ⋅ mm ⎛ 17210.0 ⋅ Q 2 ⎞
0.002776 ⋅ g ⋅ s 2 ⋅ ⎜―――― + 18.0 ⋅ m ⎟
g⋅H float , 4 ⎝ g ⋅ m4 ⎠
ηh ＝ ―――――――― ――― → 0.82 ＝ ―――――――――――――
2
⎛
U2 ⎝0.818 - 1.732 ϕ2⎠ ⎞ ⎛ 0.005809 ⋅ s ⎞
m 2 ⋅ ⎜-1.0 ⋅ ―――― + 0.818⎟
⎝ m 2 ⋅ mm ⎠
Constraints Guess Values
m3
Q ≔ 0.1 ――
s
m3
⎛ 17210.0 ⋅ Q 2 ⎞ So... Q ≔ 0.029 ――
0.002776 ⋅ g ⋅ s 2 ⋅ ⎜―――― + 18.0 ⋅ m ⎟ s
⎝ g ⋅ m4 ⎠
0.82 ＝ ―――――――――――――
⎛ 0.005809 ⋅ Q ⋅ s ⎞
m 2 ⋅ ⎜-1.0 ⋅ ――――― + 0.818⎟ ϕ2 ≔ ϕ2 ((Q))
2
⎝ m ⋅ mm ⎠
m3
Solver
Find ((Q)) = 0.029 ――
s
Find ((Q)) = 0.029 ――
Sol
s
ii. The Busemann slip factor is then found by : (*Equation from Dixon...)
substitute , A ＝ 0.818
A - ϕ2 ⋅ tan ⎛⎝β2'⎞⎠ float , 4 1871.0 ⋅ mm
σB ≔ ――――― ――――――― → ――――――――――― + 1.0 = 0.781
1 - ϕ2 ⋅ tan ⎛⎝β2'⎞⎠ m ⋅ tan ((60.0 ⋅ deg )) - 10280.0 ⋅ mm
iii. The impeller vane inlet angle, β1' for zero flow incidence is obtained from...
cr1 cr2 ⎛ r2 ⎞ r2
cot ⎛⎝β1'⎞⎠ ＝ ―― ＝ ―― ⎜―⎟ ＝ ϕ2 ⋅ ―
U1 U2 ⎝ r1 ⎠ r1
substitute , r1 ＝ 0.45 r2
⎛ r2 ⎞ float , 4 0.0002161 ⋅ m
cot ⎛⎝β1'⎞⎠ ＝ ϕ2 ⋅ ⎜―⎟ ――――――― → cot ⎛⎝β1'⎞⎠ ＝ ―――――
⎝ r1 ⎠ mm
0.000216147 ⋅ m solve , β1' ⎛ 0.000216147 ⋅ m ⎞
cot ⎛⎝β1'⎞⎠ ＝ ―――――― ――― → acot ⎜―――――― ⎟ = 77.803 deg
mm ⎝ mm ⎠
So, β1' ≔ 77.803 deg
iv. The power required is then...
⎛ 17210.0 ⋅ Q 2 ⎞
35.3 ⋅ g ⋅ kg ⋅ ⎜―――― + 18.0 ⋅ m ⎟
ρ ⋅ Q ⋅ g ⋅ H float , 4 ⎝ g ⋅ m4 ⎠
W'P ≔ ―――― ――― → ―――――――――――― = 6.742 kW
ηh s
So, W'P ≔ 6.742 kW
