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Reproduction in Animals Short Notes

Reproduction is the biological process by which organisms produce offspring, ensuring species continuation. It occurs in two main forms: asexual reproduction, involving a single parent, and sexual reproduction, involving the fusion of male and female gametes. The document also discusses fertilization, embryo development, metamorphosis, and the importance of reproduction for species survival and genetic diversity.

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26 views2 pages

Reproduction in Animals Short Notes

Reproduction is the biological process by which organisms produce offspring, ensuring species continuation. It occurs in two main forms: asexual reproduction, involving a single parent, and sexual reproduction, involving the fusion of male and female gametes. The document also discusses fertilization, embryo development, metamorphosis, and the importance of reproduction for species survival and genetic diversity.

Uploaded by

vaibhavchavan01180
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Reproduction in Animals - Short Notes

1. Introduction

Reproduction is the biological process by which living organisms produce offspring to ensure the
continuation of their species.

2. Modes of Reproduction

There are two main types of reproduction:


1. Asexual Reproduction: Offspring are produced from a single parent without gametes.
- Examples: Binary fission (Amoeba), Budding (Hydra), Fragmentation (Planaria).
2. Sexual Reproduction: Involves the fusion of male and female gametes.
- Occurs in most animals including humans.

3. Sexual Reproduction in Animals

Sexual reproduction involves male and female reproductive organs:


- Male: Testes produce sperm.
- Female: Ovaries produce eggs.
The process involves fertilization, development of the embryo, and birth.

4. Fertilization

Fertilization is the fusion of male and female gametes.


- External Fertilization: Occurs outside the female body (e.g., frogs, fish).
- Internal Fertilization: Occurs inside the female body (e.g., mammals, birds).

5. Development of Embryo

After fertilization, the zygote develops into an embryo and later into a fetus. In viviparous animals
(e.g., humans, cats), development occurs inside the mother's body, while in oviparous animals (e.g.,
birds, reptiles), eggs are laid outside.

6. Metamorphosis

Some animals undergo metamorphosis, where they change form during development.
Example: A frog develops from an egg to a tadpole and then into an adult frog.
7. Importance of Reproduction

Reproduction ensures the survival of species, maintains genetic diversity, and allows the
continuation of life on Earth.

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