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Introduction in Teaching Grammar

The document discusses the evolution of grammar from a core component of the Grammar-Translation Approach to a more dynamic understanding within modern linguistics. It outlines Hartwell's five definitions of grammar and distinguishes between descriptive and prescriptive grammar. Additionally, it introduces the concept of 'grammaring' as a process of acquiring grammatical structures in language learning, emphasizing its importance in achieving proficiency in language skills.

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Bea Jw
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56 views18 pages

Introduction in Teaching Grammar

The document discusses the evolution of grammar from a core component of the Grammar-Translation Approach to a more dynamic understanding within modern linguistics. It outlines Hartwell's five definitions of grammar and distinguishes between descriptive and prescriptive grammar. Additionally, it introduces the concept of 'grammaring' as a process of acquiring grammatical structures in language learning, emphasizing its importance in achieving proficiency in language skills.

Uploaded by

Bea Jw
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Introduction in

Teaching Grammar
01 Definition of Grammar
What is Grammar?
• Grammar was considered a method of language teaching and
learning within the so-called Grammar-Translation Approach.
• Within this approach, which draws from philology, grammar was
viewed as the core of language. However, with the shift from
philology to linguistics, the notion of grammar has changed
accordingly.
(Continuation)

• With the eruption of modern linguistics, grammar began to be


described as a system of structures in addition to vocabulary and
pronunciation.
02 History of Grammar
History of Grammar
• Hartwell organized some of these different meanings in an attempt to
clarify our understanding of grammar by offering five different
definitions, summarized here:

1. A set of words in which the words of a language are arranged to


convey a larger meaning.
History of Grammar
2. The branch of linguistics concerned with the description, analysis, and
formulation of formal language patterns.
3. Linguistic etiquette
4. School grammar, or the names of the parts of speech.
5. Grammatical terms used in the interest of teaching writing
Hartwell’s Taxonomy
Hartwell's (1985) taxonomy is certainly useful, and there is no question
that teachers need to be aware of the many ways the term grammar is
used throughout education and society.
03 Types of Grammar
Descriptive Grammar

• Refers to the structure of a language as it's actually used by speakers


and writers.
Prescriptive Grammar

• Refers to the structure of a language as certain people think it should


be used.
Remember:
• Both kinds of grammar are concerned with rules--but in different
ways. Specialists in descriptive grammar (called linguists) study the
rules or patterns that underlie our use of words, phrases, clauses, and
sentences.
04 Grammaring
What is the concept of
grammaring?
Grammaring

• The process by which a learner acquires the ability to use grammar


structures accurately, meaningfully, and appropriately.
• The term "grammaring" was coined by applied linguist Diane Larsen-
Freeman to convey the dynamic nature of the grammar learning
process.
Importance of Grammaring
• Messages through grammaticalizing or adding grammar to a sequence
of words to create finer meaning distinctions.
• The linguist Diane Larsen-Freeman proposes grammaring as an
important process in second/ foreign language learning.
• Grammaring emphasizes grammar as a dynamic process rather than a
system of rules.
Grammaring from Larsen-Freeman
• Larsen-Freeman says "grammaring" can be seen as a "fifth skill."
HOWEVER,
• Grammar and vocabulary are not language skills. They are language
components which are essential to the mastery of all the four skills.
• You cannot use any language skill without using grammar and
vocabulary. Grammar is not an end in itself but it is a means to an
end-to improve learners' proficiency in the four language skills.
THANKS!
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