Plant Reproduction and
Development
Chemistry
General Biology 2 1/2
Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics
Floral Anatomy
The pistil
consists of
the female
structures in
flowers (i.e.,
stigma, style,
ovary)
3
Floral Anatomy
The stigma is
a structure
where the
pollen grains
must land
during
pollination.
4
Floral Anatomy
Style is the
stalk of the
stigma that
leads to the
ovary. Within
it is the
pollen tube.
5
Floral Anatomy
Ovary is the
female
structure in
flowers that
house the
female
gametes.
6
Floral Anatomy
Ovules are
small
structures
within the
ovary. Each
of them
contains an
egg nucleus.
7
Floral Anatomy
Stamen
refers to the
male portion
of the flower.
It consists of
anthers and
filaments.
8
Floral Anatomy
Anther is the
male
structure
that
produces and
stores the
pollen grains.
9
Floral Anatomy
Filament is
the staminal
structure
that serves
as the stalk
of the anther.
10
Floral Anatomy
Petals are the
colorful leaf-
life
structures in
flowers that
primarily
attract
pollinators.
11
Floral Anatomy
Sepals are
green leaf-
like
structures
that protect
the
structures in
a flower bud.
12
Floral Anatomy
Receptacle is
the thickened
portion
below the
ovary where
floral
structures
grow.
13
Floral Anatomy
Pedicel is the
stalk of the
flower which
provides
support to all
floral parts.
14
Angiosperm Life Cycle
15
Forms of Reproduction in Angiosperms
Asexual Reproduction Sexual Reproduction
16
Forms of Reproduction in Angiosperms
Asexual Reproduction Sexual Reproduction
May either involve single (self-
Requires a single or lone parent
pollination) or two parents (cross-
pollination)
Does not involve the fusion of Requires the fusion of a sperm cell
gametes and egg cell during fertilization
Offspring are genetically identical Enhances genetic variation
to the parent organism because the parents and offspring
are not genetically identical
17
Animal Reproduction and
Development
Biology21/2
General Biology
Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics
General Animal Life Cycle
Fertilization
Embryogenesis
Gametogenesis
Organogenesis
Maturation
19
Metamorphosis: Atlas moth (Attacus sp.)
Larva Adult
Metamorphosis is a feature in some organisms that involves a rapid
change from an immature larvae and juvenile to a sexually mature adult.
20
Metamorphosis: Sea stars
Juvenile Adult
Metamorphosis is a feature in some organisms that involves a rapid
change from an immature larvae and juvenile to a sexually mature adult.
21
Metamorphosis: Lady bugs
Larva Adult
Metamorphosis is a feature in some organisms that involves a rapid
change from an immature larvae and juvenile to a sexually mature adult.
22
Asexual Reproduction
Fission
Fragmentation
Asexual
Reproduction
Budding
Parthenogenesis
23
Asexual Reproduction
Fission
Fragmentation
Asexual
Reproduction
Budding
Parthenogenesis Fission involves the splitting of the
parent individual into two
approximately equal halves.
24
Asexual Reproduction
Fission
Fragmentation
Asexual
Reproduction
Budding Fragmentation involves breaking body
parts into fragments. Thereafter, each
fragment will regenerate into fully
functional individuals.
Parthenogenesis
25
Asexual Reproduction
Fission
Fragmentation
Asexual
Reproduction
Budding
Budding involves an outgrowth or bud
Parthenogenesis forming in the body of an adult.
Eventually, it will detach to develop as a
complete individual.
26
Asexual Reproduction
Fission
Fragmentation
Asexual
Reproduction
Budding
Parthenogenesis Parthenogenesis involves the
development of an embryo from an
unfertilized egg.
27
Sexual Reproduction
Requires two parents from Requires fusion of the egg
each of the two sexes cell and the sperm cell
Sexual
Reproduc
tion
Relies highly on the
Enhances genetic variation
efficiency of
in biological populations
gametogenesis
28
Sexual Reproduction
External Fertilization Internal Fertilization
29
Sexual Reproduction
External Fertilization Internal Fertilization
Usually involves the release of Sperm cells are usually deposited
gametes into the surroundings into the female reproductive tract
The developing embryos are The young may be nourished in the
usually nourish externally or may female’s body or eggs are laid after
immediately land on a substrate fertilization
Common in aquatic organisms Common among higher animals such
such as fishes and corals as birds, reptiles and mammals
30
Sexual Reproduction
External Fertilization Internal Fertilization
31
Variations in Internal Fertilization
Oviparous Ovoviviparous Viviparous
Eggs are laid and the embryo Embryos are nourished in Embryos are nourished by
obtain its nourishment from eggs, which remain in the the placenta until the mother
the stored yolk nutrients. parent’s body until they hatch. gives birth to live young. 32
Human Reproduction and
Development
Biology21/2
General Biology
Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics
Human Life Stages
INFANCY CHILDHOOD ADOLESCENT ADULTHOOD
Ages 0 to 2 years Ages 1 to 12 years Ages 13 to 19 years Ages 20 years and
old with a old; locomotor and old; undergoing onwards; sexually
continuous physical various changes mature physically
cognitive skills
related to puberty and behaviorally
development development 34
Human Life Stages
Various changes during puberty in humans serve as physical,
physiological, and behavioral preparations for adulthood. 35
Male Reproductive Anatomy
36
Male Reproductive Anatomy
Testis
(plural,
testes) Male gonad
that
produces
and
nourishes
sperm cells
37
Male Reproductive Anatomy
Scrotum
External sac
that
regulates
temperature
for testis
38
Male Reproductive Anatomy
Epididymis
Stores sperm
cells
produced
and
transports
them to vas
deferens
39
Male Reproductive Anatomy
Urethra
Common
exit duct for
both the
urine and
semen
40
Male Reproductive Anatomy
Vas
deferens
Pathway of
sperms from
testis to the
urethra
41
Male Reproductive Anatomy
Seminal
Vesicle Contributes
alkaline fluid
that
nourishes
and protects
sperm cells
42
Male Reproductive Anatomy
Prostate
Gland Contributes
a fluid that
neutralizes
semen and
vaginal fluid
43
Male Reproductive Anatomy
Bulboure
thral
Gland Contributes
a fluid that
functions
for
lubrication
44
Male Reproductive Anatomy
Penis Copulatory
organ that
conveys
sperm to
female
reproductive
tract
45
Female Reproductive Anatomy
46
Female Reproductive Anatomy
Ovary
Female
gonad that
produces and
nourishes
egg cells
47
Female Reproductive Anatomy
Fallopian
Tubes Ducts that
serve as
fertilization
site and
leads to the
uterus
48
Female Reproductive Anatomy
Fimbriae Appendages
of the
fallopian
tubes that
catch eggs
during
ovulation
49
Female Reproductive Anatomy
Uterus Highly
vascularized
sac that
nourishes
the
developing
embryo
50
Female Reproductive Anatomy
Cervix Narrow
channel that
prevents
further entry
of foreign
materials
51
Female Reproductive Anatomy
Vagina
Receives the
sperm cells
and serves
as the birth
canal
52
Female Reproductive Anatomy
External
Genitalia
Accessory
structures of
the female
reproductive
system
53
Female Reproductive Anatomy
Bartholin’s
Gland Produces
fluid that
serves as
lubrication
during
intercourse
54
Thank you for listening!!
MINI TASK.
Create a framed display of a real flower's reproductive system
by carefully selecting a fresh flower with visible stamen (male)
and pistil (female) structures. Dissect the flower if needed and
mount it on a sturdy cardboard or paper. Clearly label key
parts such as the stigma, style, ovary, anther, and filament,
ensuring neatness and accuracy. Protect the display with a
clear plastic sheet or glass, and decorate the frame creatively
if desired. Write a short description of plant reproduction, then
submit your work by the given deadline. Be prepared to briefly
explain the structures and their functions in class. 🌸
