é ) ' ‘output Power at the shaft re a ar SS The Power stated on the name ‘plate of any motor ‘is always the 8) A capacitor is connected in parallel with an inductive load for (8) __ Improvement of teh orn Power factor a ‘est Item: mar The current in the field winding of @ erles DC motor is @) 7 he same as the armature Density is equal to . (A) massivolume ‘Tet tm Bt In casi ‘@ of fire in the workshop one should. ‘immediately, (8) Use the appropriate fire extinguisher : 7 Testitem: 9 —1mark In a workshop, gangways must be kept clear (Cc) To prevent accidents Test Item: 10 4.mark The purpose of interpoles in a de motor Is to reduce sparking on brushes Item: 11 4 mak it Item: . 100 main groups of armature windings are (A) Wave and lap : ld To reverse a shaded pole motor you woul (8) Take out rotor and inset it the other way (opposite) qa 43 _——iad ‘fuse? Which of the following circuit devices Is known as a semi-enclosed fuse: (8) BS1361/ Soft solder used for electrical joints Is an alloy of (0) Tinand Lead f Test Item: 16 4m What is the space factor ina 20mm condult installation (B) 40% Test Item: 47 1m: The speed of an induction motor depends on : (©) am SuBPY Hequency Test Item: 1m: Which of the following motors can be . described as a split phase motor? Dn Capacitor run and start motor Test é ma The branch o cable connected toa ring final circuit is called the (0) ‘spur Test Item: 20 (4 4 mari When a battery is to bekept idle fora Jong time (0) dry and store battery in a clean, dry place fh .Test Item: 4 4 marks Draw symbols of the following components BS3939 AC. Generator ‘Auto transformer t Item: 2 marks that lect of an inductive load in an installation is that the resultant current draw by the load is not in phase w the supply but lags by an anglecos"0.8... 3... te eee ia eee of the supply voltage Ifa lighting bulb connected to It draws @ current of 22mA with a resistive element of 10k [2marks] vei Given: 1=22mA, R=10kO Vy=(22*10°JAx (10%107) =220 ‘or S-phase supply in 3 wire star system: Vinianvy Yeesv =Ip(IP Is phase current) ‘e100 vex(iayt =415/1.732 Vp =240v 12 value of the si tin 2 current hat isthe value ofthe supply voltae I @ lighting bulb connected tot draws a current of 2mA with » var Given: m22mA, R=10K0 : Vym(22%10°)Ax (10107) 220 he ling current of a 415V star. connected toad s 10. Calculate the values of the phase current and phase voltage. (aenarks} {for S-phase supply in 3 wire star system: Visvanv, venatv ‘le (IP is phase current) lest04 May" 415/732 L. Scwhat is the value of the supply voltage if @ lighting bulb co tol retsae emer or gstPM voltage nnected to It draws @ current of 22mA with » VeIR Given: =22mA, R=10kQ V.=(22*10 JAX (10%107). =220V the line current of a 415V star- connected load Is 10A. Calculate the values of the phase the tine a Phase current and pha: for 3-phase supply in 3 wire star system: Visvaxv, Vn415v 1.=le (IP is phase current) 5104 VeaVin(vay" =415/1.732 Vp =240V in earthing, what do the following abbreviations mean, DP.EN ) C.NE iil) C.P.C Wy) P.M.E — [4marks] . P.E.N - Protective Earth And Neutral C.N.E- Combined Neutral And Earth C.P.C - Circuit Protective Component P.M.E ~ Protective Multiple Earthing Test Item: 4 4 marks What is the difference between ampere- hour efficiency and watt -hour efficiency Ampere-hour efficiency of the ratio of the product of current and:-time for discharge and that of charge whe watt hour efficiency included the charging and discharging voltage Test Item: 5 5 marks Lighting protection to a transformer by arcing horns. Arcing horns are devices on the transformer tank, which have one gap which discharges over voltages to earth. They are copper rods with spherical tips that may be single or double depending on size of the equipment. The gaps are spaced in such a way as to allow a certain voltage to exist without any protlems but once that voltage is exceeded a flash over occurs discharging that potential to the ground leaving the transformer safe. = . Test Item: 6 Describe briefly the following parts of a DC motor ‘Armature- the rotating part of the machine , made up of many laminations of of magnetic alloy material into which armature coils are wound . Commutator-part of the armature responsible for ‘transferring external current to the armature conductors via brushes, Test Item: 7 10 marks - 4 marks{ren should the folowing installations be inspected? . Farms ~ every three years Petrol tiling stations ~every year . seaaiuetion sites ~every three months since it will be ‘8 temporary installation dwellings - not exceeding five years Caravan sites - at least every year but Certainly not exceeding three years 2st Item: The insulation resistance of ‘motor is found to be low, what rectified ‘most likely cause and how can it be Possible cause: The presence f moisture in the windings, the ‘armature or stator concerned ( not the complete machine) . oo Possible solution: place in an ccna about 12hours at a temperature of 100-120°C. after the windings have Sooled, the insulation should be rechecked . 9 >) Name the three transformer losses . [marks] > ryceat losses (Eddy current losses) hysterisis . li) winding power losses Miniature circuit breaker ig Gesigned with the abilty to i i Protect circuits against iti oun Overload and short Slenult conditions. Overioad is detected by themral bimetae erent wile shen are detected by a solenoig operating instantaneously, Mis senAn 8kW, three-phi 80% and a power Motor speed (7marks) Motor current four-pole, 50hz Induction motor runs at full load with a lip of 4%, an efficiency | tor of 0.86 lagging. Calculate: 3 = __ frequency . Molt Spee ber of poles slip pit 2g 60sec (2marks) E (2marks) 8000x100 ee (2marks) 0.86 x 80x 415x/3 v ‘ 16.184, / wo (1mark) A.250V de shunt motor has a shunt field resi: OF 0.20} If the motor takes a full load currerit of 258 from th Supply, calculate the shunt field current. Motor current = (marks) D shunt field current (,) “— (1mark) 250 a (mark) 8A , (mark)Section C: (Total Marks = 50) . A single ~phase motor with resistance 302 and Inductive reactance of 402 is connected to 220V 50Hz single-phase supply. Calculate Inductance (L) = 40/2nL = 1ansemH (2 marks) Impedance (2) = (30? + 40%) = 500 (2 marks) WRE+ XL) : * ‘Current drawn by the motor @ . VsiZ . 220/50 = 444A marks) Power factor of the circuit - (Cos &) . RIZ = 30/50 = Q6 Lagging (2 marks) Power for cn be improved by connacog «sa ss re capactor across the suppl tothe motor. ‘marks) State and describe five selection features for motor suitability, ‘that are found on a motor nameplate, |. Power rating-the output power produced by a machine 4 _Voliage rating: the value of supply voltage thal can be applied tothe machine fi, Current rating-the full load current that the machine draws 'v. Type of connection-these are the probable ways the machine can be connected in relation to its windings. ¥. Type of supply-his is or single phase-- WL Type of motor-this gives the name of the motor and vil {ype in relation to relays an the way it is constructed, ‘where it can be applied and enclosure type . Frequency-this stipulates the frequency value the device can-be operated on. ‘Testitem: 3 40 marks, A neighbour asks you to supply an outer servants quarters building 50m away from the supply point, and has already bought a twin flat cable for the Installation and insist on running the cable” regulatory approach to this type of Electitan, Class: 1, Test Paper (#226) March 2010 Page: 8 0f9Page: Bot 9 the wiring should be done overhead and use caternary wire system. i} ‘A correct size of the cable should be used and include earth conductor as well as voltage drop calculations carried out Insulation of cable should be an all -weather proof Underground systems usually gets damaged during agricutural processes since the cable Is not mechanically protected. v. _Atwin flat cable cannot be accepted since it lives out the protective conductor ‘Testitem: 4 40 marks State 5 precautions one would take before taking off a motor from a machine for an overhaul during routine maintenance. i, switch off machine lock switch or DB and put sign in place ii, ensure bearings are readily available ii, mark the cable terminals before disconnecting i. mark the drive end disconnect and insulate terminals and carry away motor using a safe method Test Item: 5. 410 marks Care for a lead acid battery: 4 i. Distilled water should be maintained just above the battery cells and never fill the whole compartment i. Charge regularly and never overcharge : « } ill Never store directly on the floor but on a warm place It must always be water to chemical when mixing electrolyte to avold explosion Keep the battery dry * Vi. Charge the battery under a well ventilated area and free from fire s =Section C: (Total Marks = 60) A single ~phase motor with resistance 300 and inductive reactance of 402 Is connected to 220V 50Hz single-phase supply. Calculate a) Inductance (L) =. 4oreng = (1227.32mH (2 marks) b) Impedance (2) = CR? + XL?) = V (307 + 407) = 500 (2 marks) °) Current drawn by the motor ied Vs/Z = 220 /50 = 44A a (2 marks) ) Power factor of the circult (Cos ®) = RIZ ‘ = 30/50 . 2SLaqaing _ (2 marks) ¢) Power factor can be Improved by connecting a static loss free capacitor across the supply to the motor. (2 marks) Explain how the following are used to afford lightning protection to a transformer: (2) Lightning arrestors lecrician, Class: 2, Test Paper (#220) Merch 2010 Page: 5 of7Define the following terms (@) Synchronous speed is the speed of the rotating magnetic field 2 marks (0) Slip is the ratio of the slip speed and synchronous speed 2 marks (©) _ Rotor speed is the actual ‘speed of the machine 2 marks (@) Calculate the synchronous ‘speed of a 6-pole machine connected to a 60Hz ‘supply. Ns = Ca = 3600/23 (e) = 1200rpm. 2 marks (9 Whatis the slip of the machine above has a rotor speed of 1000rpm? Slip = Ns - Nr = 1200-1000 = 200rpm_ 2 marks The full load copper and iron losses of a SOKVA transformer are 0 25Ww and150W respectively. The machine ‘s operating at half load at a power factor of 0.8 lagging Calculate; () Total power loss Total power out (Pout) = 80x0.8= — 40KW Copper loss at full load (Pou) = 250w Copper loss at half load = 250x172? = 62.5W Iron loss at full load (Pfe) s 150W e {ron loss at % load = 150W Therefore total loss at load = Pou +Pre athalf load 62.5 +150 6 marks . i) Total power out (Pout) = $0x0.8= —— 40KW Efficiency of transformer() = Pout /(Pout + losses) : = 40000/ (40212,5) = & marks iii) Define maximum efficiency is when the ‘Copper losses are equal to the iron losses. 3 mar ') Total power loss at maximum efficiency Iron loss (Pfe) . 150W Copper loss (Pcu) = 1s0w Total loss = Pou + Pte = 1504150 = 300w_ 5 marks: een tomas Fig 1 below is logic circuit. a logic circuit. Produce the truth table for the circuit and hence name theVout Ve A__lq— Va B -— Vee Vin C FIG1 [8marks] A B c Vout 0 [0 fo 0 ojo ff 0 o [7 fo 0 olf if 0 7 {0 [0 0 7 |o |t- | 0 a 0 7 {7 ff 7 The circuit is an AND gate [2marks]Section C: (Total Marks = 50) Test item: 1 dma A single “phase motor with resistance 300 and inductive reactance of 40 Is connected to 220V S0Hz single-phase supply. Calculate Inductance (L) = 40remL. = 127.32mH (2 marks) Impedance (2) 2 ACR? + XL?) = ¥ (30? + 407) = 500 (2 marks) Current drawn by the motor 0) = Vs IZ = 220150 = 448 (2 marks) Power factor of the circuit (Cos ®) = RIZ = 30/50 = 0. in (2 marks) Power factor can be improved by connecting a static loss free capacitor across the supply to the motor. (2 marks) Test item: 2 State and describe five selection features for motor suitability that are found on a motor m Power rating-the output power produced by a machine i. Voltage rating- the value of supply voltage that can be applied to the machine Current rating-the full load current that the machine draws 40 marks ameplate. Sives the name of the motor and type in relation to relays an the way where it can he applied and enclosure type wi, Frequency-this stipulates the frequency value the device can be operated on, ‘est gm 3 poets A neighbour asks you to supply an outer servants quarters building 50m away from the supply point, sng nas already bought a twin flat cable for the installation and insist on running the cable teerereund: Give five statements advising on the correct regulatory approach vo this tyne of installation. Elartrinien Clann: 4 ron nthe wiring should be done overhead and use catemnary wire system A correct size of the cable should be used and include earth conductor as well as voltage drop calculations carried out Insulation of cable should be an all -weather proof Underground systems usually gets damaged during agricultural processes since the cable is not mechanically protected. A twin flat cable cannot be accepted since it lives out the protective conductor Test Item: 4 State 5 precautions one would take before taking off motor from @ machine for an ov: 40 marks /erhaul during routine maintenance. Care for a lead acid battery: i switch off machine lock switch or DB and put sign in place ensure beatings are readily available mark the cable ter/ninals before disconnecting mark the drive end, disconnect and insulate terminals and carry away motor using a safe method v. Test Item: 5 40 marks Distiled water should be maintained just above the battery cells and never fill the whole compartment Charge regularly and never overcharge Never store directly on the floor but on a warm place \t must always be water to chemical when mixing electrolyte to avoid explosion Keep the battery dry Charge the battery under a weil ventilated area and free from fire