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3 - Process Capability

The document discusses process capability indices, specifically CP and Cpk, which measure the ability of a process to meet specifications based on standard deviation and specification limits. An example calculation shows a CP value of 1.89 indicating an acceptable process, while a Cpk calculation yields a value of 1.20, suggesting marginal capability. The document outlines thresholds for interpreting these indices, with values less than 1 indicating poor capability and values above 2 indicating six sigma capability.

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Salma Mohameed
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8 views6 pages

3 - Process Capability

The document discusses process capability indices, specifically CP and Cpk, which measure the ability of a process to meet specifications based on standard deviation and specification limits. An example calculation shows a CP value of 1.89 indicating an acceptable process, while a Cpk calculation yields a value of 1.20, suggesting marginal capability. The document outlines thresholds for interpreting these indices, with values less than 1 indicating poor capability and values above 2 indicating six sigma capability.

Uploaded by

Salma Mohameed
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Process capability

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Process capability indices:
1. CP : it is common to measure process capability in units of
process standard deviation, it looks at the relation between the
process standard deviation and the range between the upper and
lower specification limits.

The minimum acceptable value of


Cp is “1”.

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Example: A process with an average of 64.5 mm and standard
deviation of 0.97mm and the design specifications are 68 mm and
57 mm. Find the process capability and decide if this process is
acceptable or not.

Cp = (U.D.L – L.D.L) /6σ


Cp = (68-57)/(6)(0.97) = 1.89

Accepted.

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2. Cpk:
𝑈.𝐷.𝐿.−𝑋ത
𝑍𝑈.𝐷.𝐿. =
𝜎𝑃
ത
𝑋−𝐿.𝐷.𝐿
𝑍𝐿.𝐷.𝐿. =
𝜎 𝑃
𝑍𝑚𝑖𝑛 = min [𝑍𝑈.𝐷.𝐿. or 𝑍𝐿.𝐷.𝐿 ]
𝑍𝑚𝑖𝑛
𝐶𝑃𝑘 =
3
(LDL) (UDL)

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2. Cpk:
Value Decision
<1 Poor capability (process is not meeting specifications)
1.0 – 1.33 Marginal capability (if process average shifts away from the midpoint,
nonconformances may increase significantly)
> 1.33 Good capability (process is meeting specifications)
>2 Six sigma capability

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Example: A process with an average of 64.5 mm and standard
deviation of 0.97mm and the design specifications are 68 mm and
57 mm. Find the process capability index and decide if this process
is meeting specifications or not.

𝑈.𝐷.𝐿.−𝑋ത
𝑍𝑈.𝐷.𝐿. = =(68 - 64.5)/0.97 = 3.61
𝜎𝑃
ത
𝑋−𝐿.𝐷.𝐿
𝑍𝐿.𝐷.𝐿. = =(64.5 – 57)/0.97 = 7.73
𝜎𝑃
𝑍𝑚𝑖𝑛 = min [𝑍𝑈.𝐷.𝐿. or 𝑍𝐿.𝐷.𝐿 ] = 3.61
𝑍𝑚𝑖𝑛
𝐶𝑃𝑘 = = 3.61/3 = 1.20 > 1
3

So, the process is marginal capability.

37

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