Patient: Ima Sample Accession: 00000000-0001
Collected: 08/02/2022 Received: 08/3/2022
DOB: 07/11/1981 Completed: 8/17/2022
Gender: M Ordered by: Diane Farhi, MD
5894 Shiloh Rd, Ste 101 | Alpharetta GA 30005
877.485.5336
DNA STOOL ANALYSIS BY QUANTITATIVE PCR
YOUR PERSONALIZED REPORT
PATHOGENS
The GI-MAP® includes pathogens (bacterial, parasitic and viral) commonly known to cause gastroenteritis. Note that
not all individuals with positive findings will present with symptoms. Many factors, including the health of the individual
(such as immune health, digestive function, and microbiome balance), the transient nature of most pathogens, and the
presence and expression of virulence factors, all contribute to pathogen virulence and individual symptoms.
BACTERIAL PATHOGENS Result Reference
Campylobacter < dl < 1.00e3
C. difficile Toxin A 1.21e5 High ↑ < 1.00e3
C. difficile Toxin B 2.27e5 High ↑ < 1.00e3
Enterohemorrhagic E. coli < dl < 1.00e3
E. coli O157 < dl < 1.00e3
Enteroinvasive E. coli/Shigella < dl < 1.00e2
Enterotoxigenic E. coli LT/ST < dl < 1.00e3
Shiga-like Toxin E. coli stx1 < dl < 1.00e3
Shiga-like Toxin E. coli stx2 < dl < 1.00e3
Salmonella < dl < 1.00e4
Vibrio cholerae < dl < 1.00e5
Yersinia enterocolitica 4.46e3 < 1.00e5
PARASITIC PATHOGENS
Cryptosporidium < dl < 1.00e6
Entamoeba histolytica < dl < 1.00e4
Giardia < dl < 5.00e3
VIRAL PATHOGENS
Adenovirus 40/41 < dl < 1.00e10
Norovirus GI/II < dl < 1.00e7
KEY: Results are reported as genome equivalents per gram of stool, which is a standard method for estimating the number of
microbes measured per gram of stool, based on qPCR analysis of DNA samples.
7
Results are expressed in standard scientific notation. For example, a reported result of 3.5e7 is equivalent to 3.5 x 10
microbes per gram, which equals 35,000,000 (35 million) microbes per gram of stool.
< dl represents results below detectable limit.
The assays were developed and/or the performance characteristics CLIA# 11D-2097795
determined by Diagnostic Solutions Laboratory. Medical Director - Diane Farhi, MD
1
Patient: Ima Sample Accession: 00000000-0001
HELICOBACTER PYLORI
H. PYLORI & VIRULENCE FACTORS Result Reference
Helicobacter pylori 2.90e3 High ↑ < 1.00e3
Virulence Factor, babA Positive Negative
Virulence Factor, cagA Positive Negative
Virulence Factor, dupA Negative Negative
Virulence Factor, iceA Negative Negative
Virulence Factor, oipA Negative Negative
Virulence Factor, vacA Negative Negative
Virulence Factor, virB Positive Negative
Virulence Factor, virD Positive Negative
COMMENSAL/KEYSTONE BACTERIA
COMMENSAL BACTERIA Result Reference
Bacteroides fragilis 8.98e10 1.6e91.6e9
- 2.5e11org/g
- 2.5e11
Bifidobacterium spp. 1.89e10 > 6.7e7org/g
> 6.7e7
Enterococcus spp. 2.45e7 1.9e51.9e5
- 2.0e8org/g
- 2.0e8
Escherichia spp. 2.14e8 3.7e63.7e6
- 3.8e9org/g
- 3.8e9
Lactobacillus spp. 6.55e6 8.6e58.6e5
- 6.2e8org/g
- 6.2e8
Enterobacter spp. 2.07e6 1.0e61.0e6
- 5.0e7org/g
- 5.0e7
Akkermansia muciniphila <1.00e2
<dl L 1.0e11.0e1
- 8.2e6org/g
- 8.2e6
Faecalibacterium prausnitzii 5.66e5 1.0e31.0e3
- 5.0e8org/g
- 5.0e8
Roseburia spp. 7.91e5
7.91e5
L 5.0e75.0e7
- 2.0e10org/g
- 2.0e10
BACTERIAL PHYLA
Bacteroidetes 1.21e12 8.6e11
8.6e11
- 3.3e12org/g
- 3.3e12
Firmicutes 4.70e10
4.70e10
L 5.7e10
5.7e10
- 3.0e11org/g
- 3.0e11
Firmicutes:Bacteroidetes Ratio 0.04 < 1.0
The assays were developed and/or the performance characteristics CLIA# 11D-2097795
determined by Diagnostic Solutions Laboratory. Medical Director - Diane Farhi, MD
2
Patient: Ima Sample Accession: 00000000-0001
OPPORTUNISTIC/OVERGROWTH MICROBES
DYSBIOTIC & OVERGROWTH BACTERIA Result Reference
Bacillus spp. 2.56e5 < 1.76e6
Enterococcus faecalis 1.81e3 < 1.00e4
Enterococcus faecium < dl < 1.00e4
Morganella spp. < dl < 1.00e3
Pseudomonas spp. < dl < 1.00e4
Pseudomonas aeruginosa < dl < 5.00e2
Staphylococcus spp. < dl < 1.00e4
Staphylococcus aureus 3.83e2 < 5.00e2
Streptococcus spp. < dl < 1.00e3
COMMENSAL OVERGROWTH MICROBES
Desulfovibrio spp. 1.84e3 < 7.98e8
Methanobacteriaceae (family) 1.24e8 < 3.38e8
INFLAMMATORY & AUTOIMMUNE-RELATED BACTERIA
Citrobacter spp. < dl < 5.00e6
Citrobacter freundii < dl < 5.00e5
Klebsiella spp. < dl < 5.00e3
Klebsiella pneumoniae < dl < 5.00e4
M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis < dl < 5.00e3
Proteus spp. < dl < 5.00e4
Proteus mirabilis < dl < 1.00e3
COMMENSAL INFLAMMATORY & AUTOIMMUNE-RELATED BACTERIA
Enterobacter spp. 2.07e6 < 5.00e7
Escherichia spp. 2.14e8 < 3.80e9
Fusobacterium spp. 2.56e7 < 1.00e8
Prevotella spp. 3.86e7 < 1.00e8
FUNGI/YEAST
FUNGI/YEAST Result Reference
Candida spp. 4.53e4 High ↑ < 5.00e3
Candida albicans < dl < 5.00e2
Geotrichum spp. < dl < 3.00e2
Microsporidium spp. < dl < 5.00e3
Rhodotorula spp. < dl < 1.00e3
VIRUSES
VIRUSES Result Reference
Cytomegalovirus < dl < 1.00e5
Epstein-Barr Virus < dl < 1.00e7
The assays were developed and/or the performance characteristics CLIA# 11D-2097795
determined by Diagnostic Solutions Laboratory. Medical Director - Diane Farhi, MD
3
Patient: Ima Sample Accession: 00000000-0001
PARASITES
PROTOZOA Result Reference
Blastocystis hominis < dl < 2.00e3
Chilomastix mesnili < dl < 1.00e5
Cyclospora spp. < dl < 5.00e4
Dientamoeba fragilis < dl < 1.00e5
Endolimax nana < dl < 1.00e4
Entamoeba coli < dl < 5.00e6
Pentatrichomonas hominis < dl < 1.00e2
WORMS
Ancylostoma duodenale Not Detected Not Detected
Ascaris lumbricoides Not Detected Not Detected
Necator americanus Not Detected Not Detected
Trichuris trichiura Not Detected Not Detected
Taenia spp. Not Detected Not Detected
INTESTINAL HEALTH MARKERS
DIGESTION Result Reference
Steatocrit <dl<dl << 15
15 %
%
Elastase-1 750
>750 >> 200
200 ug/g
ug/g
GI MARKERS
β-Glucuronidase 2584
2584 H H << 2486
2486 U/mL
U/mL
Occult Blood - FIT 0 0 << 10
10 ug/g
ug/g
IMMUNE RESPONSE
Secretory IgA 552552 510
510 -- 2010
2010 ug/g
ug/g
Anti-gliadin IgA 157157 < 175 U/L
Eosinophil Activation Protein
1.40
1.40 << 2.34
2.34 ug/g
ug/g
(EDN,
(EDN, EPX)
EPX)
INFLAMMATION
Calprotectin 116116 << 173
173 ug/g
ug/g
ADD-ON TESTS
Zonulin 177.0
177.0 H H << 175
175 ng/g
ng/g
The assays were developed and/or the performance characteristics CLIA# 11D-2097795
determined by Diagnostic Solutions Laboratory. Medical Director - Diane Farhi, MD
4
Patient: Ima Sample Accession: 00000000-0001
H. PYLORI ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE GENES
Result Reference Result Reference
Amoxicillin Positive Negative Clarithromycin Positive Negative
Genes associated with amoxicillin resistance Genes associated with clarithromycin resistance
PBP1A S414R Present A2142C Absent
PBP1A T556S Absent A2142G Absent
PBP1A N562Y Absent A2143G Present
Result Reference Result Reference
Fluoroquinolones Negative Negative Tetracycline Negative Negative
Genes associated with fluoroquinolone resistance Genes associated with tetracycline resistance
gyrA N87K Absent A926G Absent
gyrA D91N Absent AGA926-928TTC Absent
gyrA D91G Absent
gyrB S479N Absent
gyrB R484K Absent
The assays were developed and/or the performance characteristics CLIA# 11D-2097795
determined by Diagnostic Solutions Laboratory. Medical Director - Diane Farhi, MD
5
