Direct Access - Magnetic Disks, HDD, SSD, Optical disk etc.
Serial Access - Magnetic Tape
Sequential Access - used by Batch Proceesing systems
May 2017 by the WannaCry ransomware cryptoworm
Ctrl+Shift+_ ->Subscript
Ctrl+Shift++ ->Superscript
QR Codes were developed in 1994 by the Japanese corporation Denso Wave
Ctrl+Shift+Esc-> Opens Task Manager Directly
MS-Word:
F1->Help
Shift+F1->Reveal Formatting
Ctrl+F1->Ribbon Hide
Ctrl+shift+F1->Full Screen ****
Ctrl+Alt+F1->System Information
F2-> None
Ctrl+F2->Print
Shift+F2->Copy(Enter for Paste in this case)
Ctrl+Alt+F2->Open
Shift+F3-> Case Change
F4-> Close
Alt+F4->Close
Ctrl+F4->Close
Shift+F4->Find and Replace with Find tab activated ****
F5->Find and Replace with GoTO tab activated
Ctrl+G->Find and Replace with GoTO tab activated
Alt+F5-> Minimize word window
Ctrl+Shift+F5->Bookmark
F6->Move Through Tabs
F7-> Spelling and Grammar Check
Alt+F7-> Spelling and Grammar Check
Shift+F7->Thesaurus
F8(Double Press)-> Word Selection
F8(Triple Press)-> Sentence Selection
F8(Quadra Press)-> Paragraph Selection
F8(Pento Press)-> Whole Document Selection
Alt+F8->Macros
Microsoft first introduced macros in Microsoft Excel in 1992 ****
Ctrl+F9->Provides Curly Brackets to selected text
Alt+F10-> Selection
Shift+F10-> Works as Right Click everywhere ****
Alt+F11->Opens Microsoft Visual Basics ****
F12->Save as
Ctrl+F12->Open
Ctrl+Shift+F12->Print
HotJava was a web browser on first java applet ran.
Internet Explorer - 1995
In 1994, a team of Java developers started writing WebRunner,
which was a clone of the internet browser Mosaic.
NCSA Mosaic(1993) was among the first widely available web browsers,
Mosaic was the first browser to display images inline with text.
Oracle Releases JDK 23 on 17-Sep-2024
ASCII Codes
null -> 0
0 -> 48
@ -> 64
A -> 65
a -> 97
Internet Explorer 11 was last version.
Internet Explorer was retired on June 15, 2022 ****
javascript Engines
1.Chrome = v8 (2 September 2008)
2.Firefox = SpiderMonkey (9 November 2004)
3.Safari = JavaScriptCore (7 January 2003) in Mac X Panther
4.Edge = Blink (29 July 2015) in Windows 10
Arthur Samuel -> An IBM employee, is considered the father of machine
learning
Michael Faraday = known as the father of electronics.
siri -> AI tool by Apple
cortana -> AI tool by windows
Gemini -> AI tool by windows
Alexa -> AI tool by Amazon
ChatGPT -> created by OpenAI, an AI research company.
Its CEO is Sam Altman, who also co-founded the company.
Search Engines
1.Yandex = Russia
2.Mojeek = Britain
3.Baidu = China
4.Navar = SouthKorea
5.Ecosia = Germany
Narinder Singh Kapany and Charles Kuen Kao are both considered to be fathers
of fiber optics and fiber optic communications
Douglas Engelbart is celebrated globally as the Father of Mouse
Maximum 63 column while inserting a table in ms word.
The latest type of RAM is DDR5, which was released in 2021. DDR5 is the fifth
generation.
Each DRAM memory cell is made up of a transistor and a capacitor, and a data
bit is stored in the capacitor
DRAM uses capacitor to store memory.
SRAM uses transistors to form a latch and store data using a flip-flop circuit
A personal computer’s primary memory, commonly known as its main memory,
consists of_______. Ans -> RAM and ROM
Father of computer security -> August Kerckhoffs
The Internet of Things (IoT) is a network of physical objects embedded
with sensors, software, and other technologies to connect and exchange
data with other devices and systems through the internet.
Pharming is a strategy and approach used by cybercriminals to create phony
web pages and sites in order to mislead users into giving over personal
information such as login IDs and passwords.
The term “hacker” was coined at MIT (Massachusetts Institute of Technology)
Wired Equivalent Privacy (WEP), Wi-Fi Protected Access (WPA), WPA2, and
WPA3 are the most common kinds of wireless security. WEP is a famously
insecure encryption protocol.
When an identity of internet user is discovered and published by
following his/her details over the internet is called doxing.
IPv4 = 32 bits
IPv6 = 128 bits
mac Address = 48 bits but (Zigbee = 64 bits)
The size of virtual memory is based on??
Ans = Address Bus
What type of commands are required to perform various tasks in DOS?
Ans = External commands
The term "large scale integration" (LSI) was first used by IBM scientist Rolf
Landauer
Lynn Conway and Carver Mead are credited with inventing Very Large-Scale
Integration (VLSI)
Caret browsing is a web browser feature that lets users navigate and select text
on a page using their keyboard, instead of a mouse.(F7 in chrome/edge)
Browser Shortcuts
F1 -> new tab
F3 -> Find on page
F7 -> Caret browsing
F11-> Full Screen browsing
F12-> Developer tools
RuPay -> launched in 2012 currently works in Nepal, Bhutan, Mauritius,
Singapore and United Arab Emirates.
MS Office -> word, excel, powerpoint
openOffice-> writer, calc, impress
libreOffice-> writer, calc, impress
iWork -> pages, number, keynote
first spreadSheet software -> VisiCalc, released in 1979 for the Apple II
computer
First wordProcessor software -> WordStar, released in 1979
First Presentation software -> VCN ExecuVision, developed in 1982
The first digital camera to be widely available to consumers was the Dycam
Model 1,
which was released in 1990 and also sold as the Logitech Fotoman.
HSBC was the first bank to introduce an ATM in India in 1987 Andheri-East,
Mumbai.
ICICI Bank first internet banking in India in 1998.
National Remote Sensing Centre (NRSC) headquarters is located in Hyderabad,
India.
India's first microprocessor was Shakti, developed by IIT Madras in 2015.
Henry Edward Roberts is considered the father of the Personal Computer
The first personal computer in India was the HCL 8C.
The first SIM card was invented in 1991 by Giesecke+Devrient, a smart-card
maker in Munich, Germany
The first SIM card launched in India was by Modi Telstra in 1995.
Java Duke is Graphical assistant by Java.
Java Green Team. Initial name was "Oak"
First Version "Alpha & Beta" in 1995
First Stable Version "JDK 1.0 (23rd Jan 1996)"
java uses Unicode system not ASCII code system.
OpenOffice.org originated as StarOffice, a proprietary office suite developed
by German company Star Division from 1985 on. In August 1999, Star Division
was acquired by Sun Microsystems. Oracle acquired Sun Microsystems in 2010.
Currently called Apache Open office.
LibreOffice is community-driven and developed software, and is a project of
the not-for-profit organization, "The Document Foundation".
