Verbal Ability

(English)
PREPOSITION
 Preposition
(Pre = first/before - Position = placed/kept)
Def: A preposition is a word, which is placed or kept before a noun or pronoun or a particle.
Eg: 1. The book is on the table.
2. She is angry with him.

Kinds of Prepositions
It is of Five kinds, they are as;
1. Simple Prepositions.
2. Compound Prepositions.
3. Participle Prepositions.
4. Phrasal Prepositions.
5. Appropriate Prepositions.
1. Simple Prepositions:

At; [a] Exact location of some thing.

E.g. She’ll be waiting for you at the gate.

[b] For the smaller place.

E.g.He lives in Chennai atT.nagar.

[c] For small villages and hamlets.

E.g.They live at mangalagiri.

[d] The exact time.

E.g.The train left at 9.

[e] For special occasions.

E.g.The boy was born at the Christmas.
2. About/Around: We use about/around when you are speaking about the places
nearby or approximately.
E.g. 1. The children are playing around the garden.
2. She left bout 70’ clock.

3. About/Around: We use about/around when you are speaking about the places
nearby or approximately.
E.g. 1. The children are playing around the garden.
2. She left bout 70’ clock.

4.After: It is in the sense of ‘later’

E.g. Come after 5.

5. Before: With the meaning ‘prior to’

E.g. He will reach there before 7 AM.

6. By/ beside; When we use ‘by/beside’ with the meaning ‘By the side of’
E.g. A river flows by the temple.
E.g. He was sitting beside the window.]
Besides: When we use ‘besides’ with the meaning ‘in addition to’
E.g. Teja is speaking Telugu and English besides Urdu.

Between: When we use‘between’ with the meaning ‘in the middle of’
E.g.Children sat between the father and the mother.

Among: When we use ‘among’ with the meaning ‘in the middle of many things’
E.g.She found a laptop among the bags.

Behind: When we use ‘behind’ with the meaning ‘something is at the back of something’.
E.g.The library id just behind my house.

During: When we use ‘during’ to denote‘a period of time’

E.g.What does he do during week ends?
In: (a) We use ‘in’ when something is inside.
E.g.She is in the cabin.

(b)We use ‘in’ with “month, year and period of the day.”
E.g. He was born in 1990.
She was born in March.
They read the newspaper in the morning.

Into: We use ‘into’ when something is moving inside.

E.g.We went into the hall.

On: (a)We use ‘on’ when something is at the top of something.

Eg. The computer is on the table.

(b)With days and dates.

E.g. She was born on Friday.
I was born on March 23.
Over: We use ‘over’ when something is moving on the top of something else.
E.g. The car went over the bridge.

Above: We above when we want to say that something is at a higher position.

E.g.He held his arms above his head.

Near: We use ‘near’ when something is close to something.

E.g.There is a hotel near my house.

Opposite: We use ‘opposite’ when something is face to face with something.

E.g.The bus strand is opposite the theatre.

Under: We use ‘under’ when something is below something.

E.g.The letter is under the Computer.

Within; We use ‘within’ when something is enclosed by something.

E.g. They are playing within the compound.
Upon: Upon is used for objects in motion.
E.g.She threw the book upon the table.

Across: We use ‘across’ when something is moving from one point to another over
the surface or when something is at another point from one point.
E.g.The shop is just across the road.

Along: We use ‘along’when something is moving from one point to another point
Point on a straight path.
E.g. There were shops all along the road.

Towards: We use ‘towards’ with the meaning “in the directions of”
E.g. Children are walking towards the park.
Through: We use ‘through’ when something is moving from one point to another
point inside something.
E.g.The bus went through the tunnel.

From: We use ‘from’ when we want to show the starting point of something.
E.g.She came from Chennai.

For: We use ‘for’ when we want to mention the duration of some activity.
E.g. He has lived here for 10 years.

To: We use‘to’ when we want to show the reaching point or destination.

E.g.She has gone to the U.S.
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2. Phrasal Prepositions:
A phrasal preposition is a combination of two or more words that act as a single
preposition, such as “in spite of,” “because of,” and “in addition to.”
They are used to express relationships between nouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs, and
essentially any part of speech. Examples include: “in front of“, “out of“, “due to“, “on
behalf of“, and “along with“.
List Of Phrasal Prepositions:
1. According to: According to the weather forecast, it’s going to rain tomorrow.
2. Because of: I’m late because of the traffic.
3. By means of: They communicated by means of a secret code.
4. Due to: The event was canceled due to the pandemic.
5. Except for: Everyone has left except for me.
6. In addition to: In addition to the usual suspects, several new players have joined the team.
7. In front of: She’s standing in front of the store.
8. In spite of: I will wait inside of the car.
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9. Inside of: I will wait inside of the car.

10. On account of: On account of the bad weather, we decided to stay home.
11. On behalf of: I’m writing this letter on behalf of the company.
12. On top of: I left my keys on top of the fridge.
13. Out of: He’s been out of town for a week.
14. Owing to: Owing to the pandemic, many people have lost their jobs.
15. Throughout: We’ll be travelling throughout Europe for three months.
16. To the detriment of: She put her own interests ahead of everyone else, to the detriment of the team.
17. With regard to: With regard to the project, we need to finalize the budget and timeline.
18. With respect to: With respect to the proposed changes, I have some concern.
19. Worth of: He donated a million dollars worth of medical equipment to the hospital.

____ END ____

 Exercise on Simple Prepositions
1. Spot the errors from the following sentences.

1. We should always (1)/ listen the advice of (2)/our well wishers.(3)/ No error (4)

2. He closely resembles (1)/with his father (2)/in facial features.(3)/No error (4)

3. While taking examinations(1)/ ,always write (2)/with dark ink.(3)/ No error (4)

4. The Insurance Company (1)/has promised to compensate (2)/the damage to myhouse.(3)/ No error (4)

5. You must revise (1)/your answer sheet (2)/again.(3)/No error (4)

6. He suffered (1)/ from heart attack (2)/last year.(3)/No error (4)

7. Everybody complains (1)/againstcallous treatment (2)/of the police. (3)/ No error (4)
8. She is very popular (1)/amongher friends (2)/and relatives.(3)/No error (4)

9. The highway robbers (1)/robbed all their (2)/belongings. (3)/No error (4)

10. Would you please (1)/ring me up (2)/on next Monday? (3)/No error (4)

11. Don’t quarrel(1)/ on trifles (2)/ with your friends. (3)/No error (4)

12. My house comprises (1)/offiverooms and is spacious (2)/enough for two families.(3)/No error (4)

13. There is no cause (1)/ofanxiety (2)/about his health.(3)/No error (4)

14. Children should be (1)/ taught to write (2)/by a fountain pen.(3)/ No error (4)

15. Pakistan invaded (1)/on India (2)/in 1965.(3)/No error (4)

16. His employers (1)/ were compelled to (2)/dispense his services.(3)/No error (4)
17. On Diwali he will (1)/ order for anew (2)/pair of shoes.(3)/ No error (4)

18. You should atleast (1)/congratulateyour friend for (2)/his grand success in the elections. (3)/No error (4)

19. The accused was bound (1)/by a chain and (2)/taken to prison.(3)/No error (4)

20. My father has assured (1)/me to present me anew (2)/scooter on my next birthday.(3)/No error (4)

21. In ademocratic society no (1)/one should be discriminated (2)/because of caste and creed.(3)/ No error (4)

22. A summons (1)/was served to (2)/him last week.(3)/No error (4)

23. As a responsible officer (1)/youshould dispense with justice (2)/to the poor and the needy (3)/No error (4)

24. Whenever she goes (1)/out her chaperon (2)/ accompanies with her.(3)/No error (4)

25. The meeting began (1)/at about 2 p.m.and he (2)/ had arrivedquite earlier.(3)/No error (4)
26. The news of the (1)/Prime Minister’s death spread(2)/in all over the country.(3)/No error (4)

27. She was admitted in the (1)/hospital when she met (2)/with aseriousaccident.(3)/No error (4)

28. After his death,his wife(1)/and childrendied (2)/of misery and starvation.(3)/No error (4)

29. While going to college (1)/,I met my old friends(2)/in the way.(3)/No error (4)

30. He alwaystravelled(1)/in second class with a view (2)/to understanding the pulseof his countrymen.(3)/No error (4)

END
 Exercise on Phrasal Prepositions
1. Spot the errors from the following sentences.
1. ______________ his hard work, he failed the test.
(a) By means of (b) In spite of (C) Because of (d) Owing to
2. ______________ doctors, smoking can cause cancer.
(a) In accordance with (b) According to (C) On behave of (d) In spite of
3. I am standing here _________________ my colleagues.
(a) By means of (b) On behalf of (C) Instead of (d) According to
4. The trains arrived late _________________ heavy rains.
(a) In spite of (b) On behalf of (C) Because of (d) Owing to
5. I stayed in bed all day instead of going to work.
(a) In addition to (b) In spite of (C) Because of (d) Instead of
6. Thoughts are conveyed ___________________ words.

(a) By means of (b) In spite of (C) Because of (d) Owing to

7. Gandhi gave up his legal practice ____________________ of his country.

(a) (a) By means of (b) for the sake of (C) Because of (d) Owing to

8. _______________ his own family, he has to support his brother’s.

(a) By means of (b) In spite of (C) Because of (d) In addition to

9. There is a school _______________ my house.

(a) in front of (b) In spite of (C) Because of (d) Owing to

10. I would like to have lemon juice ______________ coffee.

(a) By means of (b) In spite of (C) instead of (d) Owing to