INTERNSHIP REPORT

TMEIC Industrial Systems India Private Limited

“Study of Design and Manufacturing Process on MV Induction

Motors”

Vellore Institute of Technology

Chennai Campus

Submitted By: Submitted to:

R. Devanathan Mr. Reetesh

Period: 16/06/2024 – 30/06/2024

 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I, R. Devanathan, would like to take this opportunity to express my heartfelt

gratitude to everyone who contributed to the successful completion of my
internship project at TMEIC. This experience has been invaluable in shaping my
professional growth and providing me with practical insights into the industrial
world.

First and foremost, I would like to sincerely thank Ashish sir, my internship
supervisor, for their unwavering support, guidance, and mentorship throughout
this journey. Their expertise and willingness to share their knowledge played a
pivotal role in enhancing my understanding of TMEIC's product and its workings.

Furthermore, I would like to extend my gratitude to Reetesh sir, the team lead of
Manufacturing Engineering, for their leadership and the opportunities they
provided for me to learn and grow within the team. Their encouragement and
insights were instrumental in making my internship a productive and enriching
experience.

I am also grateful to my professors and mentors at VIT Chennai, whose

teachings and guidance laid the foundation for my internship success. Their
constant encouragement pushed me to strive for excellence.

This internship has been a rewarding experience, and I am genuinely thankful to

everyone who played a role in it. I look forward to applying the knowledge and
skills I've gained in my future endeavours.
 Table of Contents

S. No Description Page No

1. Introduction
1.1 Background and Context 4
4
1.2 Objectives of the internship 5
1.3 Key Achievements
2. Company overview
2.1 Company History and Background 6
6
2.2 Mission and Values
3. Understanding of Manufacturing Processes
3.1 Overview of Induction Motor 7
3.2 Process Flow of Motor 11
16
3.2.1 Core Assembly of Stator
3.2.2 Coil Making 21
3.2.3 Coil Winding 25
3.2.4 VPI
34
3.2.5 Core Assembly of Rotor
3.2.6 Final Assembly 42

4. Internship Experience
4.1 Role and Responsibilities 49

4.2 Learning Goals and Expectations

5. Results and Discussion 50

6. References 50
 INTRODUCTION

Background and Context:

The TMEIC Tumkur Works is a state-of-the-art rotating machinery factory

established by the global industrial automation and power electronics company
TMEIC in 2016. Located in Tumkur, India, the 12,000 m2 facility leverages
TMEIC's over 100 years of expertise in developing and manufacturing large
motors, generators, and other high-performance rotating equipment for a wide
range of industrial applications. The factory employs advanced manufacturing
processes, automation systems, and quality control measures to deliver reliable,
cutting-edge solutions to customers worldwide, while also contributing to the
growth of India's industrial capabilities through its skilled workforce and
commitment to operational excellence.

Objectives of the Internship:

During my internship at TMEIC, the objectives were as follows:

 Gain Practical Experience: To acquire practical experience in

Manufacturing, applying theoretical knowledge gained from academic
studies to real-world scenarios.
 Learn Industry Practices: Understand and familiarize myself with the
operational processes, workflows, and industry standards within TMEIC
and the Manufacturing. This includes learning about manufacturing
processes, quality control measures, and safety protocols.
 Expand Network: Build and expand my professional network by
establishing relationships with colleagues, supervisors, and industry
professionals to gain insights into industry trends and opportunities.
 Gain Insights into Career Path: Gain clarity and insights into potential
career paths within Manufacturing. Explore different roles and
responsibilities to align personal career aspirations with industry demands
and expectations.
Key Achievements:

During my internship at TMEIC, focused on observing the manufacturing

process, I achieved several key milestones and gained valuable insights,
including:

 Comprehensive Understanding of Manufacturing Processes:

Successfully observed and documented the entire manufacturing process
of Induction Motor, gaining a thorough understanding of each stage from
raw materials to finished product.
 Detailed Process Documentation: Created detailed documentation or
reports outlining the manufacturing processes observed, including step-by-
step procedures, equipment used, and quality control measures
implemented.
 Experience with Equipment and Technologies: Acquired experience with
various automation and machineries used in manufacturing, enhancing
technical knowledge and practical skills in operating equipment.
 COMPANY OVERVIEW

Company History and Background:

TMEIC (Toshiba Mitsubishi-Electric Industrial Systems Corporation) is a joint

venture between Toshiba Corporation and Mitsubishi Electric Corporation,
established in October 2003. The company is headquartered in Tokyo, Japan, and
specializes in industrial electric and automation systems for various industries
worldwide. Here is a brief overview of the company's history and background:

History

 TMEIC was formed through the integration of Toshiba and Mitsubishi

Electric's industrial systems divisions, as well as their joint venture, TMA
Electric Corporation (TMAE), which was established in 1999.
 The company started operations on October 1, 2003, marking the
beginning of its journey as a global leader in industrial systems integration.

Background

 Toshiba Corporation was founded in 1896 as Tokyo Electric Company,

while Mitsubishi Electric Corporation was established in 1921.
 The integration of Toshiba and Mitsubishi Electric's industrial systems
divisions aimed to leverage the strengths of both companies and create a
comprehensive offering of unique systems solutions.
 TMEIC's mission is to provide "high-quality and advanced products and
systems" realizing "comprehensive solutions" for its customers, focusing
on industrial markets and driving innovation through collaborative
solutions development

Missions and Values:

 TMEIC's corporate philosophy is to build relationships of trust with

customers and contribute to the sustainable development of a global society
as an industrial systems integrator.
 The company's mission is to provide "high-quality and advanced products
and systems" realizing "comprehensive solutions" for its customers.
  TMEIC's corporate statement, "We drive industry," expresses its strong
intent for each employee to contribute to further advancement.

UNDERSTANDING OF MANUFACTURING PROCESS

Overview of 3-Phase Induction Motor

A 3-phase induction motor is an electric motor which converts electrical energy

to mechanical energy. that operates on three-phase alternating current (AC)
power. It is widely used in industrial and commercial applications due to its
robustness, simplicity, and efficiency. The key components of a 3-phase
induction motor are the stator, rotor, and frame.

Components of a 3-Phase Induction Motor

 Frame: The frame provides mechanical support and protection to the

motor components. It also helps in dissipating heat generated during motor
operation.
 Stator: The stator is the stationary part of the motor where the input AC is
given, consisting of three main parts:
 Stator Winding: These are coils of wire placed in slots in the stator core.
When 3-phase AC is applied, it creates a rotating magnetic field.
 Stator Core: Made up of laminated sheets of electrical steel, the core
supports the windings and carries the alternating magnetic flux,
reducing hysteresis and eddy current losses.
 Stator Casing: Provides mechanical support for the stator.
 Rotor: The rotor is the rotating part of the motor where the output is taken,
located inside the stator. There are two types of rotors:
 Squirrel Cage Rotor: This is the most common type, consisting of
conductive bars short-circuited by end rings. The bars are skewed to
prevent locking and reduce noise.
 Slip Ring Rotor (wound rotor): More complex and requiring higher
maintenance, this rotor has windings connected to external resistors via
slip rings, allowing control over the starting torque and speed.

Working Principle of a 3-Phase Induction Motor: The motor operates on the

principle of electromagnetic induction. When 3-phase AC supply is given to the
stator windings, it creates a rotating magnetic field. This magnetic field cuts the
rotor conductors, inducing a current in them (according to Faraday's law of
electromagnetic induction). The induced current in the rotor creates its own
magnetic field, which interacts with the stator's rotating magnetic field. The
interaction of these fields generates a torque that causes the rotor to rotate. The
speed of the rotor is always less than the speed of the rotating magnetic field, a
phenomenon known as slip. Slip is necessary for induction to occur.

Types of Motors: Synchronous and Asynchronous

 Synchronous Motors: In these motors, the rotor rotates at the same speed
as the rotating magnetic field of the stator. They require additional
components to maintain synchronization.
 Asynchronous (Induction) Motors: The rotor speed is less than the stator's
rotating magnetic field speed. This type is more common due to its
simplicity and reliability.

Applications of 3-Phase Induction Motors

3-phase induction motors are used in a variety of applications due to their

durability and efficiency. Some common applications include:

 Industrial Machinery: Conveyor belts, mixers, grinders, and compressors.

 Pumps: Used in water supply, irrigation, and sewage treatment.
 Fans and Blowers: For ventilation and cooling systems.
 HVAC Systems: Heating, ventilation, and air conditioning systems in
buildings.
 Elevators and Escalators: For vertical transportation in buildings.
 Electric Vehicles (EVs): Providing propulsion in electric cars and buses.
 Marine Propulsion: Used in ships and submarines.
 Construction Equipment: Cement mixers and other machinery.
 Oil and Gas Industry: For drilling and extraction equipment.
 Manufacturing Plants: Driving machinery in production lines.

Bearings in 3-Phase Induction Motors

 Sleeve Bearing: A cylindrical bearing placed between the rotating shaft

and bearing housing. It relies on a thin film of lubricant to reduce friction
and wear, also aiding in heat dissipation.
 Anti-Friction Bearing: Also known as rolling-element bearing, it uses
balls or rollers to maintain the separation between the bearing races,
reducing friction and handling higher loads. Common types are ball
bearings, roller bearings, and needle bearings.

Core Construction: Laminated vs. Solid

  Laminated Core: Consists of stacked insulated laminations to minimize
eddy current losses, resulting in higher efficiency. However, it is more
complex to manufacture.
 Solid Core: Easier to manufacture and more durable but suffers from
higher eddy current and hysteresis losses, leading to lower efficiency.

PROCESS FLOW

During my internship at TMEIC, I had the opportunity to observe several critical

manufacturing processes involved in Motor Manufacturing. These processes
include:

Core Assembly of Stator:

 Description: The assembly process where stator cores are constructed

using laminated sheets of electrical steel, ensuring precise alignment and
stacking to form the core structure.
 Key Activities: Stacking, Pressing and Welding.

Coil Making:

 Description: The process of manufacturing coils that form an essential part

of electrical components like motors.
 Key Activities: Shaping of conductive materials (copper) into coil by
looping, moulding by hot pressing machine, forming into coils, and wall
insulation.

Coil Winding:

 Description: The procedure where conductive coils are inserted into the
core slots.
 Key Activities: Manual mounting of coils into the slots, wedging, testing.

VPI (Vacuum Pressure Impregnation):

 Description: A critical insulation process where components, typically

wound stator is impregnated with resin under vacuum and pressure to
enhance insulation properties for both electrical and mechanical strength.
  Key Activities: Preparing components, pre-heating, impregnating with
resin, curing, and ensuring complete sealing to prevent electrical
breakdown.

Insulation Testing of wound stator:

 Description: Insulation testing involves conducting electrical tests to the

stator windings to measure various parameters such as insulation
resistance, dielectric strength, and the presence of partial discharges.
 Key Activities: Various types to check the insulation of the wound stator
like Coil winding resistance, IR, PI, PD, tan delta, ACHV, Surge test etc

Core Assembly of Rotor:

 Description: The process of assembling rotor core, which are crucial

components in rotating machinery like induction motor.
 Key Activities: Like stator core assembly, involves stacking and securing
laminations, ensuring precise alignment, and incorporating shafts and rotor
bars and End Rings.

Final Assembly:

 Description: The stage where all components, including stators, rotors,

and auxiliary parts, are integrated to form the final product.
 Key Activities: Fitting components together, connecting electrical and
mechanical interfaces, and ensuring alignment and functionality before
final testing.
 UNDERSTANDING OF CORE ASSEMBLY OF STATOR

Overview:

The stator assembly process is a critical aspect of electric motor manufacturing,

beginning with the preparation and inspection of materials such as cold rolled
silicon steel lamination sheets and mild steel clamping plates. These materials
undergo dimensional checks to ensure they meet specified dimensions. The
assembly process involves several key stages: stacking the lamination sheets with
precise alignment, strategic placement of duct plates for cooling, and securing the
stack with hydraulic pressing and clamping plates. TIG welding is employed to
attach core bars securely, enhancing the mechanical stability of the stator.
Throughout the process, quality control measures, including final inspections and
core loop tests, are implemented to verify the dimensional accuracy, alignment,
and overall quality of the stator assembly. These steps ensure that the stator core
meets the industry standards, contributing to the reliability and efficiency of the
final motor.

Material Preparation and Inspection:

 Lamination Stampings (Cold Rolled Silicon Steel):

 The stator assembly process begins with the inspection of cold rolled
silicon steel lamination stampings. These sheets are chosen for their
magnetic properties, essential for efficient operation in the motor.
 Each lamination sheet is inspected for dimensional accuracy and
surface imperfections. This ensures that the sheets meet specified
tolerances and will contribute to minimal energy loss through eddy
currents.

 Clamping Plates (Mild Steel):

  Mild steel clamping plates are selected for their mechanical strength.
These plates will be used to hold the laminated core together securely.
 Like the lamination sheets, clamping plates undergo inspection for
dimensional accuracy and surface quality to ensure proper assembly
and structural integrity of the stator core.

Process Flow:
Assembly Sequence:

 Dimensional Checks:
  Before assembly begins, thorough dimensional checks are conducted
on all components. This includes lamination sheets, clamping plates,
and any additional components like duct plates.
 Precise measurements are crucial to ensure that all parts fit together
seamlessly, which is essential for the optimal performance and
longevity of the stator assembly.

 Stacking Process:

 Mandrill Selection and Preparation:

 Specific mandrills are selected based on the dimensions
of the lamination sheets. Mandrills provide support
during the stacking process, ensuring uniform
alignment and minimizing the risk of damage to the
delicate lamination edges.
 Initial Stacking:
 The assembly process begins with the stacking of
lamination sheets. A pressing ring is used in
conjunction with a hydraulic press (200T) to start the
stacking process.
 This initial stage involves stacking a portion of the
laminations to form a half stack. Careful attention is
paid to aligning the lamination sheets to maintain the
integrity of the core shape.
 Duct Plate Placement:
 Duct plates, which facilitate airflow for cooling
purposes, are strategically placed during the stacking
process. Proper placement of duct plates is critical to
ensure effective cooling of the stator core during motor
operation.
 Completion of Full Stack:
 After the half stack is assembled and aligned, the
remaining lamination sheets are added to complete the
full stack.

 Clamping Plate Installation:

  Once the full stack is assembled, clamping plates are installed around
the perimeter of the stator core.
 These clamping plates are secured to maintain the compression of the
laminations and to prevent any movement that could compromise the
stator core's structural integrity.

 Pressing:

 After clamping plate installation, the stator assembly undergoes

pressing to remove any remaining gaps and to enhance mechanical
stability.

 Welding of Core Bar:

 Tig welding is employed to weld core bars to the clamping plates and
the laminated core under the pressing condition.
 This welding process ensures that the core bars are securely attached,
further enhancing the mechanical stability of the stator assembly.

 Filing:

 Filing is done in slots to remove any sharp parts in the slots which helps
to avoid damage to the coil while insertion.

Quality Control:

 Final Inspection:

 After assembly, a final inspection is conducted to verify the

dimensional accuracy, alignment, and overall quality of the stator
assembly.
 This inspection ensures that the stator core meets all specified
requirements and is ready for subsequent phases of motor assembly.

 Core Loop Test:

o Purpose:

 The primary purpose of conducting the core loop test before coil winding
is to evaluate the core assembly's magnetic and electrical characteristics in
its initial state. This ensures that the core itself meets design specifications
before proceeding with the winding process.

 Significance:
  Conducting the core loop test before coil winding ensures that any issues
with the core assembly are identified and rectified early in the
manufacturing process.
 It helps in preventing costly rework or defects in the final stator assembly
by addressing core-related issues upfront.
 Enhances overall stator quality, reliability, and performance by ensuring
that the magnetic and electrical characteristics of the core meet industry
standards.

Conclusion:

The stator core assembly process is a highly detailed and precise series of steps
that ensure the production of a robust and efficient induction motor. From the
careful selection and dimension checking of materials to the assembly and
pressing of laminated sheets, each phase is critical in achieving the desired
mechanical and electrical properties. The use of advanced techniques such as TIG
welding, hydraulic pressing, and thorough inspections, guarantees the integrity
and performance of the stator core.
 UNDERSTANDING OF COIL MAKING

Overview:

The process of coil manufacturing for induction motors involves multiple various
stages to ensure the quality and reliability of the final product. Initially, copper
rectangular wire, the primary material, is prepared and insulated with mica layers,
from the wound bobbins in specific configurations. The wire is looped using an
automated coil looping machine, incorporating a resin-filled mould sheet for
bonding. Resistance check is at this stage after looping. Adhesive tapes are used
to lock the copper turns and the coils are pressed using a Heat Coil Pressing
Machine at high temperature and pressure to ensure compactness. After cooling,
the coils are formed into their final shape and taped with various types of
insulation, including mica, corona, and silicon carbide tapes, depending on the
specifications. Final testing involves surge tests to ensure inter turn insulation.
Throughout the process, quality control measures are in place to ensure the coils
meet the necessary standards for reliable motor operation.

Material Preparation and Sourcing

The primary material for coil making is copper wire. The dimensions of the
copper wire vary according to the project requirements. These wires are mica-
insulated, with designations such as 2PP (2 layers of insulation) or 3PP (3 layers
of insulation), etc. The copper wire is wound onto bobbins, which can be arranged
in either 2 parallel or 4 parallel configurations depending on the required ratings.
Process Flow:
Coil Looping

The copper wire is looped using a coil looping machine. This machine is versatile
and automated, capable of handling a wide range of loop lengths and conductor
widths. It can draw conductors from multiple bobbins simultaneously, and loop
the wire while maintaining precise tension. During the looping process, a mould
sheet containing semi cured-resin is inserted between the wires. This sheet is
crucial for the next process as it melts and bonds the wires together.

Adhesive Taping

Additional adhesive tapes are used to give mechanical strength to the turns of the
coils, ensuring a compact and solid structure. This step is essential for
maintaining the integrity.
Coil Moulding

The looped coils are then subjected to a pressing process using a Heat Coil
Pressing Machine. The coils undergo vertical and horizontal pressure at 165
degrees Celsius and 100 bar pressure. This process provides mechanical strength
to the straight part of the coil, and the mould sheet resin melts and bonds the
copper wires together after curing. Teflon sheets are used as a base to prevent
direct contact between the coil and the press, protecting the coil from damage.

Forming

Once cooled, the coils are shaped into their final form which is a trapezoidal shape
using an automated forming machine. The coil is placed in the intended position,
and the machine completes the forming process to fit the coil into the stator core.

Straight part Insulating

The straight parts of the coil are insulated using mica tapes in a straight taping
machine. The types of mica tapes used depend on the rating.

Corner (Nose) part Insulating

Due to machine dimension restrictions, the corners or noses of the coils are
insulated manually. The lead is first insulated with mica tape, followed by the
nose part.

Corona Taping

Corona tape is used for the straight parts of the coil to prevent corona discharge,
which can ionize the air around the conductors. This tape requires cold storage
less than room temperature

SiC Taping

Silicon Carbide (SiC) tape requires cold storage below 10 degrees Celsius to
preserve its mechanical properties. This tape is used in higher voltage motor to
prevent deformation caused by voltage surges during motor operation. SiC tape
is applied at the turning points after the straight part of the coil.

Polyester Taping

After applying the required mica and corona tapes, the remaining parts of the coil
are insulated with polyester tape.
Testing and Quality Control

Each project involves resistance testing for top, bottom, and series coils to
measure insulation and copper characteristics. Surge tests are conducted for
copper wires less than 2mm thick to ensure they meet the necessary standards.

Conclusion:

Coil manufacturing is a complex and precise process involving multiple stages,

from material preparation to final testing, to ensure the production of high-quality
coils for electric motors. Each stage, including looping, pressing, forming, and
taping, is designed to eliminate defects and ensure the mechanical and electrical
integrity of the coils. Testing and quality control measures are critical to
guarantee that the coils will perform reliably in their intended applications. This
attention to detail and adherence to standards ensures that the final product meets
the requirements for efficient and durable motor operation.
 UNDERSTANDING OF COIL WINDING

Overview:

The coil winding stage is a critical part of the coil making process and includes
several sub-processes such as coil mounting, spacer insertion, PG taping, surge
testing, and series and phase connection. Each of these steps is essential to ensure
the quality and performance of the final product.

Process Flow:
1. Coil Mounting

The first step in the coil winding stage is coil mounting, which involves inserting
the coils into the slots of the stator. This process includes several key components:

o Process: Coil Insertion: Coils are inserted into the slots using Mylar sheets
and the location of top, bottom and series coil are maintained to ensure
each coil is properly positioned for the motor function.

 Epoxy fillers: There are three layers of epoxy applied in the slot’s bottom,
middle, and top. These layers provide insulation and support for the coils.
 Mylar Sheets: These sheets are used to facilitate the insertion of the coils
into the slots, avoid damage to the coils from the slots.
 RTDs (Resistance Temperature Detectors): Incorporated with the epoxy
and inserted between the coils based on the schematic, RTDs measure the
temperature across the motor.
 Lap Winding: This type of winding involves placing coils in overlapping
layers within the stator slots.

2. Wedging:

Wedges are inserted as the final part at the mounting, wedges secure the coils in
place. The dimensions of the epoxy and wedges are determined by the slots to be
filled.

3. Polyester Glass (PG) binding:

The next step is PG taping, which involves wrapping polyester glass tape around
the outer side of the coil: (like a ring)

 Purpose: This process enhances the mechanical strength of the coil and
prevents any mechanical deformation.
 Application: The tape is applied to ensure the coils remain securely in
place and maintain their shape during operation.
4. Spacers Insertion

After mounting the coils, spacers are inserted between the coil leads to ensure
proper separation and insulation:

 Polyester Cloth: Wrapped around epoxy to avoid the sharp edges of epoxy
to damage the coils.
 Insertion: The spacers are placed between the overhang portion of each
coil at specific distances from the core, ensuring that the coils are properly
spaced and insulated.

5. Intermediate Testing:

There are two stages of testing in the coil winding process. The first stage occurs
before the series and phase connections are made:

 Visual Inspection: Checking the coils for any visible defects or issues.
 IR (Insulation Resistance) Test: Measuring the insulation resistance to
ensure proper insulation.
 Surge Test: Testing the coils to identify any weaknesses or faults in the
interturn insulation.
 DCHV (Direct Current High Voltage) Test: Applying a high voltage to
the coils to ensure the wall insulation can withstand the operational
voltages.
 IR and DCHV for RTD: Testing the RTDs for insulation resistance and
high voltage to ensure they are functioning correctly.
 IR (Insulation Resistance) Test: Measuring the insulation resistance to
ensure that the destructive test did not damage the coil insulation.

6. Series and Phase Connection

Once the initial testing is complete, the coils are connected in series and phase
connections:

 Brazing: The leads are connected using brazing, following the series and
phase connections outlined in the schematic. Ceramic cloth is used to
protect the overhang portion during brazing.
 Insulation: After making the connections, the joints are insulated using
mica tape to ensure proper insulation and then taped by polyester cloth to
ensure protection and mechanical strength.
 RTD Binding: All RTDs are collected and directed to the RTD terminal.
7. Final Testing:

The second stage of testing is conducted after the series and phase connections
have been made:

 Visual Inspection: Checking the connected coils and leads for any defects
or issues.
 Resistance Test: Measuring the resistance of the coils to ensure they meet
the required specifications.
 IR (Insulation Resistance) Test: Measuring the insulation resistance to
ensure proper insulation
 Surge Test: Conducting another surge test to ensure the integrity of the
connections.
 DCHV (Direct Current High Voltage) Test: Applying a high voltage to
the coils to ensure the wall insulation can withstand the operational
voltages.
 IR (Insulation Resistance) Test: Measuring the insulation resistance to
ensure that the destructive test did not damage the coil insulation.
 Direction of Rotation and Poles Checking: Ensuring the motor rotates in
the correct direction and the poles are correctly aligned.

Conclusion:

Each of these steps in the coil winding stage is critical to ensure the final coils are
of high quality and capable of performing reliably in their intended applications.
The detailed processes and rigorous testing help to maintain the integrity and
functionality of the coils throughout their operational life.
 UNDERSTANDING OF VPI

Overview:

The stator assembly process is a series of steps designed to ensure the highest
quality and performance of the final product. Following assembly, the stator
undergoes a pre-heating process to remove residual moisture, crucial for effective
resin impregnation during the Vacuum Pressure Impregnation (VPI) process. The
VPI process involves creating a vacuum to remove air and moisture from the
stator windings, followed by resin flooding and pressure application to ensure
thorough impregnation. The stator is then cured in an oven to harden the resin
and enhance its mechanical properties. Subsequently, cable brazing is performed
to ensure electrical continuity and mechanical strength, followed by the
application of air-drying resin for additional protection. Finally, the stator
undergoes extensive insulation testing, including resistance measurements, high
voltage tests, and dielectric loss evaluations, to ensure it meets all operational
standards.

1. Pre-Heating Process
Process Flow:
  Stator Receiving and Visual Inspection:
 Upon receipt, the stator undergoes a visual inspection to ensure it
meets quality standards. This inspection checks for any visible
defects or damage.
 Loading Stator into Oven:
 After inspection, the stator is loaded into an oven. The purpose of
pre-heating is to remove any residual moisture from the stator core
before it undergoes impregnation with resin.
 Heating Stator:
 The stator is heated for a specific temperature and duration to
effectively remove moisture. This step is crucial as moisture can
negatively impact the impregnation process.
 Cooling to Room Temperature:
 Once heated, the stator is cooled down to room temperature. This
prepares it for the next stage, which is Vacuum Pressure
Impregnation (VPI).

2. VPI (Vacuum Pressure Impregnation) Process

Process Flow:
 Stator to VPI Chamber:
 The stator, now moisture-free, is transferred to the VPI chamber.
This chamber is designed to impregnate the stator windings with
resin under vacuum and pressure.
 Vacuum Creation in Vessel:
 A vacuum is created within the VPI chamber to remove air and
moisture from the stator windings. This step ensures that the resin
can penetrate all voids and gaps effectively.
 Vacuum Hold:
 The vacuum is maintained for a certain amount of time to allow for
complete removal of air and moisture, preparing the windings for
resin impregnation.
 Vacuum Creation at Resin Tank:
 Simultaneously, a vacuum is created in the resin tank to remove air
bubbles from the resin. This ensures that the resin is free from
contaminants that could affect its impregnation properties.
 Resin Flooding to VPI Chamber:
 The resin is flooded into the VPI chamber under vacuum conditions.
This allows the resin to fill all spaces within the stator windings that
were evacuated during the vacuum phase.
 Vacuum Hold in Chamber with Resin:
 Vacuum is maintained in the chamber for an additional amount of
time. This ensures thorough impregnation of the resin into the stator
windings, enhancing electrical insulation properties.
 Pressure Creation in Chamber:
 After the vacuum phase, pressure is applied in the chamber. This
pressure forces the resin deeper into the smallest crevices and voids
within the windings, ensuring complete impregnation.
 Pressure Hold in Chamber:
 The chamber maintains pressure for a certain amount of time. This
extended period ensures that the resin penetrates properly within the
stator windings, providing mechanical stability and enhancing
electrical insulation
 De-pressurization and Resin Return:
 Following the curing phase, the VPI chamber is de-pressurized, and
any excess resin returns to the resin tank for reuse in future
processes.
 Aeration and Stator Shift to Curing Oven:
 The stator undergoes aeration to facilitate the evaporation of residual
solvents and prepare it for the curing process. After aeration, the
stator is shifted to a curing oven.
Working Schematic:
3. Curing Process
Process Flow:

 Stator Received from VPI:

 The stator, now impregnated with resin, is received from the VPI
process. It is prepared for the curing stage to finalize the resin's
hardening and enhance the stator's mechanical properties.
 Loading into Curing Oven:
 The stator is carefully loaded into a curing oven. Proper positioning
ensures uniform heating throughout the stator windings for
consistent resin curing.
  Cleaning Process of Stator Core:
 Before curing, the stator core undergoes a thorough cleaning
process. This step removes any residual resin or contaminants that
could affect the curing process and the final performance of the
stator.
 Heating of VPI Stator:
 The stator is heated for a certain temperature and duration. This
extended heating period ensures complete curing of the resin,
achieving optimal mechanical stability and electrical insulation
properties.
 Post-Cured Stator Cleaning:
 After curing, the stator's surface is cleaned to remove any residues
and ensure a clean, aesthetically pleasing finish. This step also
prepares the stator for final inspection and testing.
 Shift to Quality Area for Quality Check:
 Once cleaned and cured, the stator is transferred to a quality control
area. Here, it undergoes rigorous inspection and testing to ensure it
meets all specified quality standards before further assembly or
deployment.

4. Cable Brazing Process

Process Flow:
  Brazing Connection Between Coil Leads and Cables:
 Connections are brazed between the coil leads and cables. This
ensures electrical continuity and mechanical strength between
different components of the stator assembly.
 Application of Air-Drying Resin:
 An air-drying resin is applied to the brazed connections. This resin
enhances mechanical strength and provides protection against
environmental factors such as moisture, dust, and vibrations.
 Drying of Applied Resin:
 The applied resin is allowed to dry thoroughly. This ensures that the
connections remain secure and durable throughout the operational
lifespan of the stator.

5. Insulation Testing After VPI

 Copper Resistance:
 Measures the electrical conductivity of copper windings to ensure
optimal performance and efficiency.
 RTD (Resistance Temperature Detector) Resistance:
 Checks the resistance of RTDs to ensure they have not been
damaged during the VPI process, maintaining accurate temperature
monitoring.
 RTD DCHV (Direct Current High Voltage):
 Tests the insulation of RTDs under high voltage conditions to ensure
they can withstand operational voltages without breakdown.

 IR (Insulation Resistance):

 Measures the overall insulation integrity of the stator windings to

prevent electrical faults and ensure operational safety.
 PI (Polarization Index):
 Assesses the condition of insulation by comparing resistance values
at different time intervals, detecting potential moisture or
contamination issues.
 ACHV (Alternate Current High Voltage):
 Evaluates insulation capability against AC high voltages, ensuring
reliable operation under normal operating conditions.
 Tan Delta:
 Measures dielectric losses within the stator windings, providing
insights into insulation quality and potential degradation over time.
 PD (Partial Discharge):
 Detects localized weak points in the insulation that could lead to
electrical breakdowns or failures, ensuring long-term reliability.
  Surge Test:
 Evaluates the stator's ability to withstand sudden voltage surges,
protecting against electrical stress during operation.
 IR (Insulation Resistance) Test: Measuring the insulation resistance to
ensure that the destructive test did not damage the coil insulation.
 Direction of Rotation and Poles Checking:
 Verifies the correct configuration of motor poles and direction of
rotation, ensuring proper functionality and performance in motor
applications.

Conclusion:

Each stage in the coil winding process from pre-heating to insulation testing is
crucial for ensuring the reliability, durability, and performance of the final stator
assembly. Attention to detail, adherence to quality standards, and rigorous testing
protocols are essential to producing high-quality electrical components for
various industrial applications.
 UNDERSTANDING OF CORE ASSEMBLY OF ROTOR

1. Rotor Core Assembly

Process Flow:
Rotor Core Stacking and Pressing:

 Mandrill Selection:

 Specific mandrills are selected based on the dimensions of the lamination

sheets. Mandrills provide support during the stacking process, ensuring
uniform alignment and minimizing the risk of damage to the delicate
lamination edges.

 Initial Stacking:

 The assembly process begins with the stacking of lamination sheets. A

pressing ring is used in conjunction with a hydraulic press (200T) to start
the stacking process.
 This initial stage involves stacking a portion of the laminations to form a
half stack. Careful attention is paid to aligning the lamination sheets to
maintain the integrity of the core shape.

 Duct Plate Placement:

 Duct plates, which facilitate airflow for cooling purposes, are strategically
placed during the stacking process. Proper placement of duct plates is
critical to ensure effective cooling of the stator core during motor
operation.

 Completion of Full Stack:

 After the half stack is assembled and aligned, the remaining lamination
sheets are added to complete the full stack.
 Pressing with the hydraulic press secures the full stack, compressing the
laminations together tightly.

 Heating the core for Shaft Insertion:

 Description: After pressing, the rotor core assembly is heated to
facilitate the insertion of the rotor shaft.
 Purpose: Heating expands the core slightly, making it easier to
insert the shaft and ensuring a shrink fit.
 Process: The entire rotor core assembly is placed in an oven and
heated to a specific temperature for several hours. This thermal
expansion process prepares the core for shaft insertion
2. Shaft Insertion

 Insertion Process:
 Description: Once heated, the rotor shaft, handled by a jib crane or
similar equipment, is carefully inserted into the centre of the rotor
core.
 Purpose: The shaft serves as the central axis for the rotor assembly,
connecting it to the motor's driving mechanism.
 Process: Shaft insertion is to ensure proper alignment and balance
of the rotor assembly and the shaft is inserted and position on the
bearing centre. After insertion, the rotor assembly is allowed to cool
on a rotor core roller to stabilize.
 Interlocking Process:

 The shaft and the core will be interlocked using key and welding
process. After insertion, key is placed in the keyway and the joint
will be welded using TIG welding to ensure proper locking between
the rotor core and the shaft.

3. Copper Bar Insertion

 Inspection and Insertion:

 Description: Copper bars, which act as conductors in the rotor, are
inspected for quality and dimensions before being inserted into
designated slots within the rotor core.
 Purpose: Copper bars provide electrical conductivity element to the
rotor assembly.
 Process: Each copper bar is inspected visually and dimensional
checks to ensure they meet specifications. They are then inserted
into the rotor core slot upto a certain overhang tolerance on both side
of the copper bar.

4. Swaging Process:

 Description: Swaging is a process where pressure is applied along

the length of the copper bars.
 Purpose: It is to secure the copper bars in their slots.
 Process: Depending on the type of copper (e.g., red brass, yellow
brass), swaging intensity varies to suit the material's hardness.
Special Purpose Machines (SPM) may be used for consistent and
controlled swaging. So, there are also manual swaging.
5. Copper Bar and Face Machining

 Machining for End Ring Fit:

 Description: Machining processes are employed to prepare the
copper bars for the end ring and ensure they fit securely onto the
rotor assembly.
 Purpose: Machining ensures precise dimensions and proper
alignment of copper bars.
 Process: copper bars are machined to specific tolerances to fit for
the end ring onto the ends of the rotor assembly. This machining
involves lathe operations to achieve desired shapes and dimensions.

6. Brazing

 End Ring Attachment:

 Description: Brazing is used to attach copper end rings on both sides
of the rotor core.
 Purpose: Brazing of End ring to the copper bars is to short circuit
the copper bars which is for induction. Brazing creates a strong joint
between the end rings and copper bars.
 Process: Before brazing, surfaces are cleaned to remove
contaminants. End rings and copper bars are preheated, and a filler
material (a silver-based alloy) is applied at the joint. Heating melts
the filler material, which flows into the joint, creating a bond upon
cooling.

7. Core Looseness Inspection

 Inspection Process:
 Description: This inspection verifies the integrity of the rotor core
assembly, including laminations, clamping plates, copper bars, shaft
assembly, and end rings.
 Purpose: It ensures all components are secured and aligned,
preventing issues such as vibration or mechanical failure during
operation.
 Process: Inspection method includes visual inspection is used to
check for any loose components or assembly defects.
  Caulking Process:
 Description: Caulking to lock the laminated stampings near the
brazed area in the rotor core after the heat dissipation from the
brazing affected the laminations.
 Purpose: It removes the gap between the laminations near the
brazing area.
 Process: Caulking involves applying pressure on the clamping plate
of the rotor core slots. This can be done manually to achieve a proper
fit.

8. Run-Out Measurement and Bend Correction

 Run-Out Measurement:
 Description: Run-out refers to the measurement of wobble or
deviation from the true axis of rotation of the rotor shaft.
 Purpose: It ensures the rotor assembly rotates smoothly without
vibration or imbalance.
 Process: Run-out is measured using precision instruments such as
dial gauges or advanced sensors (eddy current probes, capacitive
sensors). If excessive run-out is detected, corrective action is taken.

 Bend Correction:
 Description: Bend correction is performed if run-out exceeds
acceptable tolerances.
 Purpose: It adjusts the rotor assembly to correct any bends or
misalignments that cause run-out.
 Process: Depending on the severity of run-out, correction may
involve mechanical adjustment or localized heating of the rotor
assembly. Standards dictate specific procedures based on run-out
measurements.

 Run-Out Measurement for zero bend correction:

 After bend correction, the core undergoes run-out measurement

again to check if there is wobbling again.
9. Additional Parts Assembly

 Fan Installation:
 Description: Fans are installed based on the cooling system
configuration (external, internal, radial, axial).
 Purpose: Fans facilitate efficient heat dissipation from the rotor
during operation, enhancing motor performance and life.
 Process: Fans are heated by induction for the installation process.
 Retainer Ring Installation:
 Description: Retainer rings are installed based around the end rings.
 Purpose: Retainer ring is used to lock the end ring.
 Process: Retainer ring is inserted before inserting internal fans.

10. Painting

 Spray Painting:
 Description: The rotor assembly undergoes spray painting for
corrosion protection and aesthetic purposes.
 Purpose: Painting protects the rotor assembly from environmental
corrosion and enhances its appearance.
 Process: Manually operated spray gun connected to a compressed
air source applies paint evenly over the rotor assembly.

11. Dynamic Balancing

 Balancing Process:
 Description: Dynamic balancing is crucial to minimize vibration
and ensure smooth operation of the rotor assembly.
 Purpose: It identifies and corrects any imbalance that could lead to
premature wear or damage.
 Process: The rotor assembly is mounted on a balancing machine.
Sensors (such as accelerometers) measure vibrations during rotation.
Software analyses these measurements to determine the amount and
location of imbalance. Corrective weights are added strategically to
achieve balance within acceptable limits.
 Balancing Types:
 For 2-Pole (2P) Motors: Balance weights may be added to
clamping plates, retainer ring, internal fan and external fan.
 For 4-Pole (4P) Motors: Balance weights may be added to external
fan along with clamping plates on the other side and clamping plate
or retainer ring.
Conclusion:

The rotor assembly process involves a series of planned and executed steps to
ensure the final product meets the quality and performance standards. Each stage,
from core assembly and copper bar insertion to dynamic balancing, contributes
to producing robust and efficient rotor assemblies for various types of electric
motors. Attention to detail, precision machining, and thorough quality control
measures are critical throughout the entire assembly process to achieve reliable
and durable rotor assemblies.

ALUMUNIUM DIE CAST ROTOR:

 After receiving the aluminium die cast rotor core, shaft will be
inserted through heating.
 It will follow same process as the top hat rotor from the run-out
measurement, shaft bend correction, additional parts assembly,
painting and balancing.
 UNDERSTANDING OF FINAL ASSEMBLY OF TOP HAT MOTOR

Overview

The final assembly processes encompass the verification of all parts and
drawings, thorough cleaning and inspection of the stator frame, precise welding
and painting, detailed sub-assembly of various components, and careful insertion
and adjustment of the rotor and bearings. The process concludes with the
assembly of external fans, painting, and the installation of the name plate,
followed by rigorous testing to confirm the motor's readiness for operation.

Detailed Process
Process Flow:
1. Drawing and Parts Checking

 Initial Step: Verification of all drawings and parts required for the final
assembly. This ensures that all components are correct and ready for the
assembly process.

2. Frame Checking and Cleaning

 Stator Frame Inspection: The stator frame received from the vendor is
inspected for any defects and cleaned thoroughly to prepare for stator
insertion.
 Stator Placement Methods:
o Provision with Chamfer: The stator is placed on a provision with a
chamfer designed for TIG welding between the frame and the stator,
ensuring a secure fit.

3. Welding and Painting

 Welding: The stator is securely welded to the frame. The welding process
ensures the structural integrity and alignment of the motor components.
 Painting: The welded parts are then painted to protect against corrosion
and provide a finished appearance.

4. Sub-Assemblies

 Bearings:

 Sleeve Bearing: The sleeve bearing, which supports the rotor and
allows smooth rotation, comes pre-assembled from the vendor. In
sleeve bearing, there is a lubricant film between two surfaces which
is the shaft and a sleeve around the shaft to make contact.
 Anti-Frictional Bearing: Sub-assembly of the anti-frictional
bearing, which reduces friction and wear during motor operation.
Anti-Frictional bearing includes ball bearing, roller bearing etc.

 Main Terminal Box (MTB): Sub-assembly of the MTB, which houses the
main electrical connections. There are two types of Main Terminal Boxes,
one is Air Segregated and the other one is Phase segregated Terminal Box.
 Neutral Terminal Box (NTB): Sub-assembly of the NTB, which provides
a neutral point for electrical connections.
 Auxiliary Terminal Box (ATB): Sub-assembly of the ATB, which houses
auxiliary electrical connections like RTD, BTD etc.
  Space Heaters: Sub-assembly of space heaters, which prevent
condensation and moisture buildup within the motor.

5. Rotor Insertion and Bearing Assembly

 Rotor Insertion: The rotor is carefully inserted into the stator using metal
pipes to ensure proper alignment and fit.
 Anti-Friction Bearing Installation:

 Oil Seal Installation: The inner oil seal is installed after filling
grease.
 Anti-Friction Bearing Installation: The anti-friction bearing is
heated by induction for shrink fit and then inserted. After cooling, it
is greased to ensure proper lubrication and reduce friction.
 Locking the Bearing: Lock washer, lock nut, and grease wall are
inserted to secure the bearing in place.
 Bearing Bracket Installation: The rotor, initially resting on the
stator, is lifted, and the bearing bracket is installed and insulated to
provide additional support.
 Outside Oil Seal and Labyrinth Seal Installation: The outside oil
seal, with inlets and outlets for grease, and the labyrinth seal are
installed. The grease outlet is connected to a grease trapper and
remover.
 Sleeve Bearing Installation:

 Lower Bearing Bracket Installation: Lower Bearing Bracket is

installed as it lifts the rotor from resting on the stator.
 Sleeve Bearing Installation: Pre-Assembled sleeve bearing is
installed into the shaft and on the lower bearing bracket.
 Upper Bearing Bracket Installation: Upper Bearing Bracket is
installed.

6. Air Gap Measurement and Adjustment

1) for anti-frictional bearing

 Measurement: The air gap between the rotor and stator is measured using
a metal scale filled with chalk. The amount of chalk removed indicates the
air gap size.
 Adjustment: Based on the measured air gap, the position of the rotor is
adjusted by modifying the bearing bracket to ensure optimal position.
 2) for sleeve bearing

 Measurement: The air gap between the rotor and stator is measured using
a metal scale filled with chalk. The amount of chalk removed indicates the
air gap size. It is measured before installation of upper bearing bracket and
after installing the lower bearing bracket.
 Adjustment: Based on the measured air gap, the position of the rotor is
adjusted by modifying the bearing bracket to ensure optimal position.

7. Heat Exchanger Assembly

 Sealing: A gasket is used to seal the frame where the heat exchanger is
placed, preventing air leakage and ensuring efficient cooling.
 Assembly: The heat exchanger is assembled onto the frame.

8. Final Assembly Steps

 Assembly: Terminal boxes (MTB, NTB, RTD Terminal Box, Space Heater
Terminal Box) and sensors are installed at this stage.
 External Fans: External fans and their covers are assembled to enhance
cooling.
 Painting: The entire motor is painted to protect against environmental
factors and provide a finished look.
 Name Plate Installation: A name plate is installed, providing essential
information about the motor.
 Testing Preparation: The fully assembled motor is now ready for final
testing to ensure it meets all operational standards.

Conclusion:

The final assembly process of the Top Hat motor is a sequence of steps designed
to ensure the highest quality and performance. By following checks, cleaning,
assembly, and testing procedures, the resulting motor is robust, reliable, and ready
for operational use. The attention to detail at each stage of the assembly
guarantees that the motor meets all specifications and performs efficiently in its
intended application.
 UNDERSTANDING OF FINAL ASSEMBLY OF FIN FRAME MOTOR

Overview

The final assembly of Fin Frame motors involves a systematic sequence of steps
to ensure optimal performance and durability. This process includes verification
of all parts and drawings, thorough inspection and cleaning of the frame, precise
stator and rotor insertion, detailed sub-assembly of components, and careful
adjustments. The assembly concludes with the installation of external fans,
painting, and the installation of the name plate, followed by comprehensive
testing.

Detailed Process
Process Flow:
1. Drawing and Parts Checking

 Initial Step: Verification of all drawings and parts required for the final
assembly to ensure correctness and readiness for the assembly process.

2. Frame Checking and Cleaning

 Frame Inspection: The Fin Frame received from the vendor is inspected
for any defects.
 Cleaning: The frame is thoroughly cleaned to remove any contaminants.

3. Stator Preparation Frame Insertion

 Tilting Machine Placement: The stator is placed on a tilting machine to

position it correctly for further handling.
 Transfer to Pressing Machine: The tilted stator is lifted from the tilting
machine and placed onto a pressing machine.
 Frame insertion into stator: The3 frame is pressed onto the stator using
the pressing machine, ensuring a secure fit.
 Core Lock Pin Drilling: A core lock pin is drilled and inserted to lock the
stator and fin frame together, providing structural stability.
 Sealing with M-seal: The provision is sealed using M-seal to prevent any
air or oil leakage and to secure the assembly.

4. Sub-Assemblies

 Main Terminal Box (MTB): Sub-assembly of the MTB, which houses the
main electrical connections.
 Neutral Terminal Box (NTB): Sub-assembly of the NTB, which provides
a neutral point for electrical connections.
 Auxiliary Terminal Box (ATB): Sub-assembly of the ATB, which houses
auxiliary electrical connections like RTD, BTD etc.
 Space Heaters: Sub-assembly of space heaters, which prevent
condensation and moisture buildup within the motor.

5. Rotor Insertion and Bearing Assembly

 Rotor Insertion: The rotor is carefully inserted into the stator using a J-
type crane to ensure precise alignment and fit.
 Inner Oil Seal Installation: The inner oil seal is installed to prevent oil
leakage.
 Anti-Friction Bearing Installation:
 o Heating for Shrink Fit: The anti-friction bearing is heated to expand
it, allowing it to be fitted onto the shaft.
o Insertion and Cooling: After heating, the bearing is inserted, and
once cooled, it contracts to form a shrink fit.
o Greasing the Bearing: Grease is applied to the cooled bearing to
ensure proper lubrication, as the viscosity of the grease would be
compromised if applied while the bearing is hot.
o Locking the Bearing: A lock washer, lock nut, and grease wall are
inserted to secure the bearing in place.
 Bearing Bracket Installation: The rotor, initially resting on the stator, is
lifted, and the bearing bracket is installed. The bearing bracket is insulated
to provide electrical isolation and support.

6. External Fan and Cover Assembly

 Fan Assembly: External fans are assembled to enhance cooling, and their
covers are installed to protect the fans and ensure efficient airflow.
 Painting: The entire motor is painted to protect against environmental
factors such as corrosion and to provide a finished appearance.
 Name Plate Installation: A name plate is installed, providing essential
information about the motor such as its specifications and operating
parameters.

7. Heat Dissipation

 Fins for Cooling: Unlike other motors with heat exchangers, this motor
relies on fins integrated into the frame for heat dissipation. These fins
increase the surface area for heat exchange, effectively cooling the motor
during operation.

Conclusion

The final assembly process of the Fin Frame motor is a detailed and precise
sequence designed to ensure the highest quality and performance. By following
rigorous checks, cleaning, assembly, and testing procedures, the resulting motor
is robust, reliable, and ready for operational use. Attention to detail at each stage
of the assembly guarantees that the motor meets all specifications and performs
efficiently in its intended application.
 INTERNSHIP EXPERIENCE

During my internship at TMEIC, I undertook the role of an intern focused on

observing and gaining insights into various critical manufacturing processes
involved in Motor Manufacturing. My internship experience included:

Role and Responsibilities:

 Observation of Manufacturing Processes: Focused on observing and

documenting key manufacturing processes such as core assembly of stators
and rotors, coil making and winding, VPI (Vacuum Pressure
Impregnation), final assembly, and testing.
 Documentation: Engaged in detailed observation and note-taking to
document process flows, procedural steps, and key observations

Learning Goals and Expectations:

 Gain Practical Experience: Acquire experience in industrial

manufacturing processes, applying theoretical knowledge from academic
studies to real-world scenarios.
 Understand Industry Practices: Learn about industry-specific practices,
standards, and regulations within engineering, with a focus on electro-
mechanical component manufacturing.

My internship at TMEIC has been instrumental in providing me with practical

insights and skills necessary for a career in [specific industry or field]. The hands-
on experience and exposure to industry-standard practices have significantly
contributed to my professional growth and readiness for future endeavours.
 Results and Discussion

Observation of Manufacturing Processes

During my internship at TMEIC, I observed several critical manufacturing

processes, including:

 Core Assembly of Stator: Observed the precise alignment and stacking of

laminations to ensure structural integrity and efficiency in electrical
components.
 Coil Making and Winding: Witnessed the production of coils, focusing on
the winding techniques and insulation practices essential for maintaining
electrical conductivity and durability.
 VPI (Vacuum Pressure Impregnation): Learned about the impregnation
process, including resin application under controlled vacuum and pressure
conditions to enhance insulation properties.
 Core Assembly of Rotor: Observed the assembly of rotor cores, including
the alignment and integration of components.
 Final Assembly: In the final assembly of components, observed how all
different parts come together to become the whole product.

Key Insights and Learnings

1. Quality Assurance: Gained insights into quality assurance practices,

ensuring compliance with industry standards and specifications during
manufacturing and testing phases.
2. Technological Integration: Learned about the integration of advanced
technologies and automation in manufacturing processes to improve
productivity and precision.

References:

This internship report is based entirely on my personal observations, experiences,

and training received during my time at TMEIC. No external references were
consulted in the preparation of this report. All information presented here reflects
the knowledge gained from personal observations, discussions with mentors and
colleagues.