Criminal Justice System (CJS) Reviewer 4.
Bureau of Internal Revenue (BIR)
Relevant Laws:
1. Philippine National Police (PNP)
● RA 10963 (TRAIN Law, 2018) –
Relevant Laws: Simplified tax system to promote
investments, job creation, and poverty
● RA 6975 – Established the PNP under reduction.
the Department of the Interior and Local ● RA 11256 – Exempted income from the
Government (DILG); created the sale of gold by small-scale miners.
Maritime Police Unit. ● RA 11346 – Increased excise taxes on
● RA 8551 – Reformed and reorganized tobacco products, heated tobacco, and
the PNP; strengthened the National e-cigarettes.
Police Commission’s (NAPOLCOM) ● RA 11467 – Raised excise taxes on
authority. alcohol, tobacco, and e-cigarettes.
● RA 9708 – Adjusted educational ● RA 11534 (CREATE Act, 2020) –
qualifications and promotion system Reduced corporate income tax and
for PNP; criminalized human rights introduced new tax incentives.
violations by police.
5. Philippine Coast Guard (PCG)
2. National Bureau of Investigation (NBI)
Relevant Law:
Relevant Laws:
● RA 9993 (Coast Guard Law of 2009) –
● RA 157 – Established the Bureau of Defined the PCG’s role in maritime
Investigation under the DOJ in 1947; security, law enforcement, oil spill
renamed as NBI in 1949 (EO 94). response, and search & rescue
● NBI Reorganization and operations.
Modernization Act – Amended laws to
align with NBI functions.
● Anti-Red Tape Act (ARTA) of 2007 –
Streamlined government transactions,
including those within the NBI. 6. Bureau of Immigration (BI)
Relevant Laws:
● RA 562 (Alien Registration Act of
3. Philippine Drug Enforcement Agency 1950) – Required annual registration of
(PDEA) aliens.
● RA 8042 (Migrant Workers Act of
Relevant Law: 1995, amended by RA 10022) –
Protected overseas Filipino workers
● RA 9165 (Comprehensive Dangerous (OFWs).
Drugs Act of 2002) – Established ● RA 9208 (Anti-Trafficking in Persons
PDEA as the lead agency in anti-drug Act of 2003) – Criminalized human
enforcement. trafficking, enforced by the BI.
● RA 9225 (Citizenship Retention and
Reacquisition Act of 2003) – Allowed
former Filipinos to retain or reacquire
citizenship.
● Executive Order No. 46 –
Strengthened PAOCC’s authority and
structure under President Benigno S.
7. Metropolitan Manila Development Aquino III.
Authority (MMDA) ● Revised Administrative Code of 1987
– Gave the President authority to
Relevant Law: reorganize the Executive Department.
● RA 7924 (MMDA Law, 1995) –
Established MMDA as a special
administrative region.
MMDA Responsibilities:
● Traffic & transportation management
● Flood control & sewerage systems
● Urban renewal & land use planning
● Health, sanitation & solid waste
management
● Public safety
Traffic Enforcement Powers:
● Implement a single ticketing system
● Impose fines & penalties for violations
● Suspend or revoke driver’s licenses
First MMDA Chairman: Prospero Oreta
(appointed by President Fidel V. Ramos, May
1995)
8. Land Transportation Office (LTO)
Relevant Law:
● RA 4136 (Land Transportation and
Traffic Code) – Regulates vehicle
registration, driver licensing, and traffic
rules.
9. Presidential Anti-Organized Crime
Commission (PAOCC)
Relevant Laws & Orders:
● Executive Order No. 8 (S.1998) –
Established PAOCC to combat
organized crime.
