ME 1480 – Engineering Drawing

ME1480 ENGINEERING DRAWING

Lecture 7 – Projections of Solids
26th September 2024

Dr. Anuj Kumar Tiwari

Assistant Professor, Mechanical Engineering

Room: 102
Building: Manufacturing Engineering Section
Dept: Mechanical Engineering
Ext.: 4659
Email: [email protected]
 Solids Classification
Group A Group B
Solids having base of some shape
Solids having top and base of same shape
and just a point as a top, called apex.

Cylinder Cone

Prisms Pyramids

Triangular Square Pentagonal Hexagonal Triangular Square Pentagonal Hexagonal

Cube Tetrahedron
( A solid having ( A solid having
six square faces) Four equal triangular faces)
 SOLIDS
Dimensional parameters of different solids.
Square Prism Square Pyramid Cylinder Cone
Apex Apex
Top
Rectangular Slant
Face Edge Triangular
Longer Base Face Base Base
Base
Edge

Corner of Edge Edge Corner of

Generators
base of of base
Imaginary lines
Base Base generating curved surface
of cylinder & cone.

Sections of solids( top & base not parallel) Frustum of cone & pyramids.
( top & base parallel to each other)
 STANDING ON H.P RESTING ON H.P LYING ON H.P
On it’s base. On one point of base circle. On one generator.
(Axis perpendicular to HP (Axis inclined to HP (Axis inclined to HP
And // to VP.) And // to VP) And // to VP)

F.V. F.V. F.V.

X Y
While observing FV, x-y line represents Horizontal Plane. (HP)

X While observing TV, x-y line represents Vertical Plane. (VP) Y

T.V. T.V. T.V.

STANDING ON V.P RESTING ON V.P LYING ON V.P

On it’s base. On one point of base circle. On one generator.
Axis perpendicular to VP Axis inclined to VP Axis inclined to VP
And // to HP And // to HP And // to HP
 STEPS TO SOLVE PROBLEMS IN SOLIDS

Step 1: Assume solid standing on the plane, which it is making inclination

•If it is inclined to HP, assume it is standing on HP
•If it is inclined to VP, assume it is standing on VP
•If it is standing on HP, its TV will be TRUE SHAPE
•If it is standing on VP, its FV will be TRUE SHAPE

Draw FV and TV of that SOLID in standing position

Step 2: Considering SOLID’s inclination (axis position) draw its

second FV &TV

Step 3: Considering remaining inclination, draw its FINAL FV and TV

SOLID CONE Pattern (┴r HP)
AXIS
┴ HP
AXIS
INCLINED HP
SOLID CONE Pattern (┴r VP)

AXIS
AXIS INCLINED VP
VERTICAL VP
SOLID CYLINDER Pattern (┴r HP)

AXIS AXIS
┴ HP INCLINED HP
SOLID CYLINDER Pattern (┴r VP)

AXIS
INCLINED VP
AXIS
┴ VP
Problem 1:
A cube of 50 mm long edges is so placed on HP on one corner that a body diagonal is
parallel to HP and parallel to VP Draw it’s projections.
1.Assuming standing on HP, begin with TV, a square with all sides equally inclined to xy. Project
FV and name all points of FV & TV.
2.Draw a body-diagonal joining c’ with 3’( This can become // to xy)
3.From 1’ drop a perpendicular on this and name it p’ a’
b’d
’
a’ b’d’ c’ c’
’ 3’ p’
p

X 3’ 1’ 1’
d d1

a c a1 c1

b b1
Problem 2:
A cone 40 mm diameter and 50 mm axis is resting on one
generator on HP and parallel with VP. Draw it’s projections.
Resting on HP on one generator, means lying on HP:
1.Assume it standing on HP.
2.It’s TV will show True Shape of base( circle )
3.Draw 40mm dia. Circle as TV &
taking 50 mm axis project FV. ( a triangle)
o’ 4.Name all points as shown in illustration.
5.Make visible lines dark and hidden dotted, as per

a’
the procedure.

h’ b ’ c’g’
d ’ f ’

o’
X a’ h’b’ c’ g f’ d’ e’
e’

g’ g
1
h f f1 h
1
a ee a o1
1 1

b d d b
1 1
c c
Problem 3:
A cylinder 40 mm diameter and 50 mm axis is resting on one point of a
base circle on VP while it’s axis makes 450 with VP and parallel to HP.
Draw projections..
Resting on VP on one point of base, means inclined to Vp:
1.Assume it standing on VP
2.It’s FV will show True Shape of base & top( circle )
4’d’ d’
3.Draw 40mm dia. Circle as FV & taking 50 mm axis project TV.
4’
( a Rectangle)
4.Name all points as shown in illustration.
3’
1’ a’ c’ a’ c’ 3’
1’

X 2’ b’ b’ 2’
a bd c
c

450
bd
a

3
24

1 24 3
1
Problem 4: A square pyramid, 40 mm base sides and axis 60 mm
long, has a triangular face on the ground and the vertical plane is
parallel to axis. Draw its projections. Take apex nearer to VP
Triangular face on HP , means it is lying on HP:
1.Assume it standing on HP.
2.It’s TV will show True Shape of base( square)
o’ 3.Draw square of 40mm sides with one side vertical

a’b’
TV & taking 50 mm axis project FV. ( a triangle)
4.Name all points as shown in illustration.
6.Make visible lines dark and hidden dotted, as per
the procedure.
X a’b’ c’d’ d’1
c’d’

o’
a1
a d d1

o1
o
b c c1 b1