Boussinesq (1885)

z=

r=

Load P= 4500 lb -> 20017 N ->

E= 12 ksi -> 12000 psi
µ= 0.40
z= 1.5 ft -> 18 in ->
r= 1 ft -> 12 in ->

σz is the vertical stress

σz= 2.645 psi
σz= 18233.740 N/m^2
σz= 1859.842 kg f/m^2
σz= 0.186 kg f/cm^2
psi -> lb/in^2

σr is the radial stress

σr=
σr=
σr=
σr=

σƟ is the tangential stress

 τzr is the horizontal shear stress

τzr = 1.763 psi

τzr = 12155.827 N/m^2
τzr = 1239.894 kg f/m^2
τzr = 0.124 kg f/cm^2

Vertical strain εz= 0.0001839

Radial strain εr= - 0.0000070

Tangential strain εƟ= - 0.0001145

Horizontal shear strain in the radial direction γzr= 0.0004114

Horizontal deflections

Vertical deflections
 2042 Kilogramo-fuerza
843.918 kg f/cm^2 12000 psi
83 Pa Arena o grava
0.46 m
0.30 m

1.008 psi
6952.028 N/m^2
709.107 kg f/m^2
0.071 kg f/cm^2

Ɵ is the tangential stress

σƟ= 0.0876 psi

σƟ= 603.985 N/m^2
σƟ= 61.606 kg f/m^2
σƟ= 0.006 kg f/cm^2
Δh= 0.00155 in
Δh= 0.039 mm

Δz= 0.0073 in
Δz= 0.186 mm
Boussinesq (1885)

Load P= 4500 lb -> 20017 N ->

E= 7.2 ksi -> 7200 psi
µ= 0.45
z= ft -> 6 in ->
r= ft -> 3 in ->

σz is the vertical stress

σz= 34.165 psi
σz= 235556.639 N/m^2
σz= 24026.777 kg f/m^2
σz= 2.403 kg f/cm^2
psi -> lb/in^2

σr is the radial stress

σr=
σr=
σr=
σr=

σƟ is the tangential stress

 τzr is the horizontal shear stress

τzr = 17.082 psi

τzr = 117778.320 N/m^2
τzr = 12013.389 kg f/m^2
τzr = 1.201 kg f/cm^2

Vertical strain εz= 0.0042273

Radial strain εr= - 0.0011022

Tangential strain εƟ= - 0.0025356

Horizontal shear strain in the radial direction γzr= 0.0068804

Horizontal deflections

Vertical deflections
 2042 Kilogramo-fuerza
7200 psi
50 Pa Arena o grava
0.15 m
0.08 m

(compressive)

7.701 psi (compressive)

53096.724 N/m^2
5415.866 kg f/m^2
0.542 kg f/cm^2

Ɵ is the tangential stress

σƟ= 0.5834 psi

σƟ= 4022.425 N/m^2
σƟ= 410.287 kg f/m^2
σƟ= 0.041 kg f/cm^2
Δh= 0.00809 in
Δz= 0.206 mm

Δz= 0.0409 in
Δz= 1.038 mm
 2a
p

Radius a.

p= 65 psi
2a= 6 in -> a= 3 in
E= 12 ksi -> 12000 psi
µ= 0.40
z= 1.5 ft -> 18 in

For flexible-plate load application such as load applied by rubber tire, stress expressions for points on the centerline of the circ

Vertical stress
σz= 2.617 psi
σz= 18045.298 N/m^2
σz= 1840.620 kg f/m^2
σz= 0.184 kg f/cm^2
Radial stress

Tangential stress
σƟ=σr -0.0705 psi

τzr is the horizontal shear stress

Vertical strain

Radial strain

Vertical deflection under the centerline

Vertical deformation at the surface just below the loading:

Δz0= 0.0273 in
Δz0= 0.693 mm
PRIMER CÍRCULO

p= 50 psi
2a= 10 in -> a= 5 in
E= 10000 psi
µ= 0.50
z= 10 in

Vertical stress Vertical strain

σz= 14.223 psi εz= 0.0013416408
σz= 98063.529 N/m^2
σz= 10002.480 kg f/m^2
σz= 1.000 kg f/cm^2

SEGUNDO CÍRCULO
p= 50 psi lb/in^2
2a= 10 in
Área= 78.5398163 in^2

Load P= 3927 lb
z= 10 in
r= 20 in

σz is the vertical stress Vertical strain

σz= 0.335 psi εz= - 0.0000335
σz= 2312.572 N/m^2
σz= 235.882 kg f/m^2
σz= 0.024 kg f/cm^2

RPTAS
σz= 14.6 psi εz= 0.00131
 p= 65.000 psi
p= 448159.224 N/m^2
p= 45712.241 kg f/m^2
p= 4.571 kg f/cm^2

s on the centerline of the circular load (i.e., r = 0) are as follows:

σr= -0.0705 psi
σr= -485.885 N/m^2
σr= -49.560 kg f/m^2
σr= -0.005 kg f/cm^2 tensile stresses

εz= 0.0002228

εr= - 0.0000908

Δz= 0.0021 in
Δz= 0.052 mm
Vertical deflection under the centerline
Δz= 0.0168 in
Δz= 0.426 mm
Vertical deflections
Δz= 0.005031 in
Δz= 0.128 mm

Δz= 0.0218 in
Δz= 0.554 mm
 p= 50 psi
2a= 10 in -> a= 5 in
E= 10000 psi
µ= 0.30
z= 10 in

For flexible-plate load application such as load applied by rubber tire, stress expressions for points on the centerline of the circ

Vertical stress
σz= 14.22 psi
σz= 98.06 kPa
σz= 98063.53 N/m^2
σz= 10002.48 kg f/m^2
σz= 1.00 kg f/cm^2

Radial stress

Tangential stress
σƟ=σr -0.2492 psi
τzr is the horizontal shear stress

Vertical strain

Radial strain

Vertical deflection under the centerline

Vertical deformation at the surface just below the loading:

Δz0= 0.0455 in
Δz0= 1.156 mm
 p= 50.000 psi
p= 344737.865 N/m^2
p= 35163.262 kg f/m^2
p= 3.516 kg f/cm^2

s on the centerline of the circular load (i.e., r = 0) are as follows:

σr= -0.2492 psi

σr= -1.72 kPa
σr= -1718.336 N/m^2
σr= -175.270 kg f/m^2
σr= -0.018 kg f/cm^2
εz= 0.00144

εr= - 0.000444

Δz= 0.0176 in
Δz= 0.447 mm

Δz= 0.0088 in
Δz= 0.224 mm
Flexible pavement

Subgrade
 Subgrade

p= 650 kPa = 650000 Pa = 94.275

a= 0.12 m = 4.724 in
z= 0.485 m = 19.094 in

Vertical stress

Radial stress

Vertical deformation at the surface just below the loading:

 p= 80 psi
a= 6 in
z=h1= 5.2 in HMA
E1= 500000 psi
µ1= 0.35
E2= 5000 psi
µ2= 0.45
σc= 8 psi Maximum Vertical stress

The equivalent layer thickness

ℎ_𝑒=ℎ_1 ∛((500000∗(1− 〖 0.45 〗 ^2 ))/(5000∗(1− 〖 0.

µ

µ ℎ_𝑒=4.04641447∗ℎ_1

Vertical stress

8 𝑝𝑠𝑖=80𝑝𝑠𝑖∗[1− 〖 (4.04641447∗ℎ_1) 〗 ^3/ 〖 (6^2+ 〖 (4.0

〖 (4.04641447∗ℎ_1) 〗 ^3/ 〖 (6^2+ 〖 (4.04641447∗ℎ_1) 〗 ^2) 〗

0.9
Method of Equivalent Thickness

Thickness Modulus
LAYER
(in) (ksi)
1 HMA 6 360
2 Subgrade 7.2

Considerar µ1=µ2

he=z= 19.9 in

Vertical stress

σz= 5.23
σz= 36084
σz= 36084.25
σz= 3680.59
σz= 0.37
a= 3.8 in

p= 100 psi
 Thickness Modulus
LAYER µ
(in) (psi) - Vertical deflection at point A
1 HMA 6 100000 0.35
2 Subgrade 10000 0.45

a= 4.52 in
p= 70 psi

The equivalent layer thickness

he= 16.3 in

p1= 70 psi p2= 70

p1
Vertical deflection under the centerline

µ= 0.45
p1= 70 psi
a= 4.52 in
E= 10000 psi
z= 16.3 in

Δz1= 0.012899 in
Δz= 0.328 mm

Δz1+Δz2= 0.0212 in
Δz1+Δz2= 0.538 mm
 Thickness Modulus
LAYER µ
(in) (psi)
1 HMA 8 150000 0.35
2 Subgrade 15000 0.45

he= 15.03 in 15
σr is the radial stress
P= 9000 lb σr= -0.317233 psi
r= 0 in σr= -2187.246 N/m^2
z= 15.03 in σr= -223.099 kg f/m^2
µ= 0.45 σr= -0.022 kg f/cm^2

σz= 19.034 psi σƟ is the tangential stress

σz= 131235 N/m^2
σz= 13385.944 kg f/m^2 σƟ= 0.3172 psi
σz= 1.339 kg f/cm^2 σƟ= 2187.246 N/m^2
σƟ= 223.099 kg f/m^2
σƟ= 0.022 kg f/cm^2
 Radial strain
εr= - 0.0006

Thickness Modulus
LAYER µ
(in) (psi)
1 HMA 5 500000 0.35
2 Subgrade 5000 0.45

σz is the vertical stress

P= 4500.00 lb σz= 5.25 psi
Ac= 75 in^2 σz= 36190.297 N/m^2
a= 4.89 in σz= 3691.410 kg f/m^2
 he= 20.23 in σz= 0.369 kg f/cm^2
r= 0.00 in
p= 60.00 psi

σr is the radial stress

σr= -0.0875 psi
σr= -603.172 N/m^2
σr= -61.524 kg f/m^2
σr= -0.006 kg f/cm^2

σƟ is the tangential stress

σƟ= 0.0875 psi
σƟ= 603.172 N/m^2
σƟ= 61.524 kg f/m^2
σƟ= 0.006 kg f/cm^2

Vertical strain
εz= 1.049792

0.021647

Vertical deflections
Δz= 0.021558 in
Δz= 0.548 mm
 0.25 m E1= 1200 MPa
µ1= 0.4

Semi-infinite E2= 120 MPa

µ2= 0.4

he= 0.485 m
 0.485 m
E2= 120 MPa
E2= 120000000 Pa
E2= 17404.529 psi

psi

σz= 8.04 psi

σz= 55425 Pa
σz= 55425.26 N/m^2
σz= 5653.38 kg f/m^2
σz= 0.57 kg f/cm^2

σr= -0.16 psi

σr= -1075 Pa
σr= -1075.40 N/m^2
σr= -109.69 kg f/m^2
σr= -0.01 kg f/cm^2

Δz0= 0.0430 in
Δz0= 1.1 mm
 p= 80 psi
a= 6 in
z=h1= 15 in Granular base
E1= 25000 psi
µ1= 0.4
E2= 5000 psi
µ2= 0.45
σc= 8 psi Maximum Vertical stress

The equivalent layer thickness

^2 ))/(5000∗(1− 〖 0.35 〗 ^2)))∗0.9 ℎ_𝑒=ℎ_1 ∛((25000∗(1− 〖 0.45 〗 ^2 ))/(5000∗(1− 〖 0.40 〗 ^2)))∗0.9

4.04641446932225

ℎ_𝑒=1.5125729∗ℎ_1

Vertical stress

_1) 〗 ^3/ 〖 (6^2+ 〖 (4.04641447∗ℎ_1) 〗 ^2)8〗𝑝𝑠𝑖=80𝑝𝑠𝑖∗[1−

^(3/2) ] 〖 (1.5125729∗ℎ_1) 〗 ^3/ 〖 (6^2+ 〖 (1.5125729∗ℎ_1)

(4.04641447∗ℎ_1) 〗 ^2) 〗 ^(3/2) =0.9

ℎ_1=5.2 𝑖𝑛 〖 (1.5125729∗ℎ_1) 〗 ^3/ 〖 (6^2+ 〖 (1.5125729∗ℎ_1) 〗 ^2) 〗 ^(3/2)
ℎ_1=15 𝑖𝑛 =0.9

0.90
 portland
cement
concrete

psi
Pa
N/m^2
kg f/m^2
kg f/cm^2
rtical deflection at point A

psi

16.3 in

p2
 p2= 70 psi lb/in^2
a= 4.52 in
2a= 9.04 in
Área= 64.1839945 in^2
Load P= 4492.87962 lbf
z= 16.3 in
r= 13.5 in

Δz2= 0.0083 in
Δz= 0.211 mm

P= 9000
x= 0
z= 15.03
y= 0
R= 15.03
u= 0.45
m= 2.22222222
σx= -0.31704046
 σy= -0.31704046
Ac= 132.939439 τxy= 0.0000

TENSIÓN p= 67.7 psi σr= 0.3891 psi

a= 6.5 in σr= 2682.723 N/m^2
z= 15.03 in σr= 273.638 kg f/m^2
µ= 0.45 σr= 0.027 kg f/cm^2

σƟ=σr 0.3891 psi

COMPRENSIÓN
Radial strain

- 44,658.9

-168.72

σz is the vertical stress Vertical strain

σz= 4.891 psi εz= 0.9807
σz= 33720.395 N/m^2
σz= 3439.480 kg f/m^2
σz= 0.344 kg f/cm^2
 ranular base

Maximum Vertical stress

− 〖 0.40 〗 ^2)))∗0.9
1.51257289

〖 (1.5125729∗ℎ_1) 〗 ^2) 〗 ^(3/2) ]

) 〗 ^2) 〗 ^(3/2)
ℎ_1=15 𝑖𝑛 =0.9
lb

in
 σ=E*ε
0

0.00126893

COMPRENSIÓN

COMPRENSIÓN
εr= - 4.4653

P= 4500 lb -89.450
x= 0.00001
z= 20.22 in
y= 0.00001
R= 20.22
u= 0.45
m= 2.22222222
σx= -0.0876 5.9824E-16 0.03333333 0.00122295 4.4868E-16 0.0024458943706
σy= 2148.59173 5.9824E-16 0.03333333 0.00122295 4.4868E-16 0.0024458943706
σz= 5.25522842

-0.014145
 0.000
-0.088