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Fuzzy Logic Short Notes

Fuzzy logic extends classical logic to handle partial truths, using fuzzy implications like 'IF A THEN B' to represent relationships between fuzzy statements. It employs membership functions to map input values to degrees of membership and utilizes fuzzy rules to derive outputs through an inference engine. Key processes include fuzzification, which converts crisp inputs to fuzzy values, and defuzzification, which translates fuzzy outputs back to crisp values.

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4 views3 pages

Fuzzy Logic Short Notes

Fuzzy logic extends classical logic to handle partial truths, using fuzzy implications like 'IF A THEN B' to represent relationships between fuzzy statements. It employs membership functions to map input values to degrees of membership and utilizes fuzzy rules to derive outputs through an inference engine. Key processes include fuzzification, which converts crisp inputs to fuzzy values, and defuzzification, which translates fuzzy outputs back to crisp values.

Uploaded by

Sanidhya Gupta
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Soft Computing – Fuzzy Logic Short

Notes
Fuzzy Implications (with Example)

Fuzzy implication represents the logical relationship between two fuzzy statements,
typically in the form “IF A THEN B”. Unlike binary logic, fuzzy implication allows partial
truth values between 0 and 1.

Example: IF temperature is high THEN fan speed is fast.

Common fuzzy implication methods:


- Mamdani: min(µA(x), µB(y))
- Larsen: µA(x) × µB(y)

Principle of Fuzzy Logic

Fuzzy logic is an extension of classical logic designed to handle the concept of partial truth.
It is based on fuzzy set theory, which deals with reasoning that is approximate rather than
fixed and exact.

Principles:
- Uses degrees of truth.
- Models human reasoning.
- Deals with imprecise or vague data.

Fuzzy Membership Function and Types

A fuzzy membership function defines how each point in the input space is mapped to a
membership value between 0 and 1.

Types of membership functions:


- Triangular
- Trapezoidal
- Gaussian
- Bell-shaped
- Singleton

Example: µ(20) = 0.9 for fuzzy set “Young”.

Fuzzy Rules (with Example)

Fuzzy rules are IF-THEN statements that use linguistic variables. They define the
relationship between input and output fuzzy sets.

Example:
IF temperature is high THEN fan speed is fast.

These rules are used in the inference engine to determine fuzzy outputs.

Fuzzy Set vs Crisp Set

Crisp Set:
- Membership is binary (0 or 1).
- Sharp boundaries.
- Example: Age < 18 is minor.

Fuzzy Set:
- Membership ranges between 0 and 1.
- Vague boundaries.
- Example: µ(20) = 0.9 in “Young” set.

Fuzzy to Crisp Conversion

This is called Defuzzification. It converts fuzzy output values into a single crisp output.

Methods:
- Centroid (Center of Gravity)
- Maximum Membership
- Weighted Average
Architecture of Fuzzy Logic System

Basic Components:
1. Fuzzification: Converts crisp input to fuzzy value.
2. Rule Base: Stores fuzzy IF-THEN rules.
3. Inference Engine: Applies rules to determine fuzzy output.
4. Defuzzification: Converts fuzzy output to crisp value.

Fuzzification and Defuzzification

Fuzzification: Converts real-world crisp input to fuzzy values using membership functions.

Defuzzification: Converts fuzzy results from inference engine to crisp output for decision-
making.

Common methods: Centroid, Max Membership.

Operations on Fuzzy Sets

- Union: max(µA(x), µB(x))


- Intersection: min(µA(x), µB(x))
- Complement: 1 - µA(x)

These operations allow combination and modification of fuzzy sets.

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