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5 IPv6
Basic of IPv6
•IPv6 is 128 bit layer-3 address
•IPv6 divided into 8 groups. Each group contains 4 Hex character
•IPv6 has just one loopback address ::1(like 127.0.0.0/8)
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•According to RFC 5952 leading zero(s) must be removed
•Example 2001:5a:1bf::1
•Global scope IPv6 address must be registered by RIR
•RIR - Regional Internet Registries
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•All country are divided under 5 RIR
AFRINIC - African Network Information Center
APNIC - Asia Pacific Network Information Centre
ARIN - American Registry for Internet Numbers
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LACNIC - Latin America and Caribbean Network Information Centre
RIPE NCC - RIPE Network Coordination Centre
Migration to IPv6
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1. Dual-Stack Routers
2. Tunneling(6 to 4, 4 to 6)
3. NAT Protocol Translation(NAT PT)
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EUI-64
•EUI - Extended Unique Identifier
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•Three steps of create interface identifier from MAC:
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1. Divide the MAC address in half
2. insert FFFE in the middle
3. Invert the 7th bit
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Configure EUI-64 IPv6 address
R1(config)# ipv6 unicast-routing
R1(config)#interface g0/1
R1(config-if)# ipv6 address 2001:A25::/64 eui-64
R1(config-if)# no shutdown
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R1# show interface g0/1
R1# show ipv6 interface brief
Global Unicast Address
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•Global unicast address are public address which can be used over
the internet
•It must be register to use
•Its IP block is 2000::/3
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•Range 2000:: - 3FFF:FFFF:FFFF:FFFF:FFFF:FFFF:FFFF:FFFF
•XXXX:XXXX:XXXX:YYYY:ZZZZ:ZZZZ:ZZZZ:ZZZZ
•XXXX = Global routing prefix
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•YYYY = Subnet identifier
•ZZZZ = Interface identifier
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Unique Local Address
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•Unique local IPv6 address are private address
•It can’t be used over the internet
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•Don’t need to register to use them.
•They can be used freely within internal network
•The first two digit must be ’FD’
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Link Local Address
•Link-local IPv6 address are automatically generated on
IPv6-enabled interface
•R1(config-if)# ipv6 enable
•It starts with FE80
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•The interface ID is generated using EUI-64 rules
•These address are used within a single link(subnet)
•Routers will not route packets with a link-local destina-
tion IPv6 address
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Multicast Address
•IPv6 doesn’t use broadcast
•Range of multicast address FF00::/8
Purpose
All nodes/hosts
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IPv6 Address
FF02::1
IPv4 Address
224.0.0.1
All Routers FF02::2 224.0.0.2
All OSPF Routers FF02::5 224.0.0.5
All OSPF DR/BDR FF02::6 224.0.0.6
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All RIP Routers FF02::9 224.0.0.9
All EIGRP Routers FF02::A 224.0.0.10
Multicast Address Scope:
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1. Interface Local(FF01) Packet doesn’t leave the local ad-
dress.
2. Link Local(FF02) The packet remains in the local subnet.
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Router will not route the packet between subnets.
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3. Site Local(FF05) The packet can be forwarded by routers.
It should be limited to a single physical location, not for-
warded over a WAN.
4. Organization Local(FF08) Wider in scope than Site-local.
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It works on an entire company.
5. Global(FF0E) No boundary. Possible to be routed over
the internet.
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Anycast Address
•Anycast is one-to-{one of many}
•There is no specific range for this
•R1(config-if)# ipv6 address 2001::1/128 anycast
•R1# show ipv6 interface g0/1
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