DEMOGRAPHIC STUDY

Seminar/ Workshop on CLUP/ZO Revision: Module II

 OUTLINE
1. Introduction
2. Demographic Analysis
a. Profiling
o Population Composition
o Population Distribution
o Population Changes
b. Projections and Estimates
01 INTRODUCTION
DEMOGRAPHY
➢ demos, meaning "the people," and graphy, meaning
"writing about or recording something“ (“description of
the people”)
➢ the scientific study of the human population primarily
with respect to size, structure, and development (United Nations)
 Some Terms to Remember

Household Population*
Household
Population
The total number of individuals in a
A social unit consists of a
The population territory at a specified time. It covers
person living alone or a group
enumerated in private both nationals and aliens, native and
of persons who sleep in the foreign born persons, internees,
households during a
same housing unit and have a refugees and any other group physically
census.*
common arrangement in the present within the borders of a country
preparation and consumption at a specified time. In assembling
Comprises the persons
of food. national demographic statistics for
who belong to a
publication, the basic aim has been to
household
obtain data for the physically present (or
Sources: de facto) population rather than for the
Technical Notes: Household Population, Number of Households, and Average legally established resident (or de jure)
Household Size of the Philippines (2020 Census of Population and Housing)
*https://psa.gov.ph/ISSiP/concepts-and-definitions
inhabitants
02 Demographic Analysis

A. DEMOGRAPHIC PROFILING
 1. Data Gathering/ Collection
Basic Data Requirements Where Data is Relevant?

Population Composition
a. Household Population by Age Group, Sex, • Topic on Population Composition
Urban-Rural
• Sub-topics on total no. of males and
b. Household Population 15 Yrs. Old and Over by
Sex and Employment Status females; sex ratio; age group
c. Population 15 Years Old and Over by Sex and composition; age dependency ratios;
Typed type of Activity labor force and employment; school-
d. Household Population by Sex and age population
Employment Status • Data relevant to the economic
e. Gainful Workers 15 Yrs. by Occupation Group
and Industry Group sector; social sector such as social
f. Employed Persons 15 Yrs. Old and Over by welfare and development, health
Occupation Group services, and education services.
g. Unemployed Persons 15 yrs. Old and Over by
Age Group, Sex, and Highest Educational
Attainment
 1. Data Gathering/ Collection
Basic Data Requirements Where Data is Relevant?

Population Distribution • Topic on Population Distribution

• Sub-topics on Urban/Rural distribution
a. Household population and No. of
both population and households;
Households by Barangay
urbanization trends and urbanizing
b. Population Density by Barangay*
barangays; average household
c. Gross Population Density* (Historical at
members; centers of
least for the past 10 years)
population/concentration; density and
d. Built-up Density*
levels of density (refer to land area
* To be computed or derived from other sources. under natural and physical
Other indicators may be found in characteristics); hierarchy of
http://www.nscb.gov.ph. settlements/barangays; nodal growth
barangays/growth centers.
• Data is relevant to social, infrastructure,
and economic sectors.
 1. Data Gathering/ Collection
Basic Data Requirements Where Data is Relevant?

Population Change • Demography Sector

a. Migration, if any/applicable • Topic on Population Change
▪ Residence of the population for the last 5 years • Sub-topic on Historical Growth of
▪ Population by Mother Tongue/Ethnicity
Population
b. Historical Growth of Population (1903-latest
census year) • Data is relevant in projecting future
c. Total Population per Census Year from 1903– land use requirements and needs for
2000, if applicable, or any year from when the services and facilities; also relevant in
LGU is covered by population census making policy proposals.
d. Projected Annual Total Population within the
planning period using population projection
methods/NSO Estimates
e. Population by Age Group (yearly projection
covering the entire planning period)
f. Projected Population by Barangay
g. Projected Labor Force
 1. Data Gathering/ Collection
Basic Data Requirements Where Data is Relevant?

Other Population Descriptions • Sub-topic on Other Population

a. Total Population 10 Yrs. Old and Over by Description such as marital status,
Age Group, Sex and Marital Status mother tongue, religious affiliation,
b. Total Population by Mother Tongue disability; literacy rate, and highest
c. Total Population by Religious Affiliation educational attainment
d. Total Population 7 Yrs. Over by Educational • Data relevant to education and social
Attainment implications
e. Literacy of the Total Population 10 Years
Old and Over by Age Group, Sex
f. Disabled persons by Age Group, Sex, Type
of Disability

Use latest census data

 1. Data Gathering/ Collection
Basic Data Requirements Where Data is Relevant?

Core Indicators • Data is relevant to all sectors,

a. Fertility Rate population changes and population
b. Crude Birth Rate (CBR) distribution
c. Crude Death Rate (CDR)
d. Annual Population Growth Rate
e. Labor Force Participation Rate by Sex
f. Unemployment Rate, Total and Sex
g. Average Family Income
h. Literacy Rate By Sex
 2. Data Processing
• Population Composition by School-Age, Working-Age,
Dependent-Age Group and Sex, Year___ (DE-1)
• Population Distribution by Age Group and Sex, Year ___ and ___
(DE-2)
• Household Population by Urban and Rural Barangay and Average
Household Size, Year ___ (DE-3)
• Urbanization Levels for the Past 20 Years (DE-4)
• Population Density by Barangay, Year ___ (DE-5)
• Historical Growth of Population (DE-6)
• Crude Birth Rate (CBR) and Crude Death Rate (CDR) for the
Past 5 Years/Planning Period (DE-7)
• Literacy of Population 10 Years Old and Over, by Sex, Year __
(DE-8)
 2. Data Processing
• Population by Mother Tongue, Year ____ (DE-9)
• Population by Religious Affiliation, Year ____ (DE-10)
• Inventory of Religious Establishments, Year ____ (DE-11)
• Labor Force Population by Sex and Employment Status, Year
____ (DE-12)
• Overseas Workers for the Past 5 Years (DE-13)
• Household Population 5 Years Old and Over by Highest
Educational Attainment, Year (DE-14)
• Projected Population and Households (DE-15)
• Population Projection by Barangay, Year ____ (DE-16)
• Projected School-Age Population, Labor Force and Dependent
Population (DE-17)
Note: A graphical presentation of this data/information is suggested for ease of interpretation and better appreciation.
Graphical Representation is a
way of analyzing numerical data. It
exhibits the relation between data,
ideas, information, and concepts in
a diagram.
 3. Data Analysis

75% 50% 25%

Population Population Population

Composition Distribution Changes
Characterizes The patterns of The growth or
the population settlement and decline of the
in terms of age dispersal of a total population or
groupings and population one of its
sex ratios. structural units
 Population Composition
➢ Describe the locality’s population composition and compare it
with the provincial, regional or national data as may be
available.
➢ Compare the current composition of the population with the
past census data noting any change in composition that may
be vital to the planning process. Discussion shall focus on the
following: (refer to data from Tables DE–1 and DE–2).

• Population by Age, Group, and Sex

• Age Dependency Ratio
• Labor Force and Employment
• School-Age Population
Age dependency ratio indicates the extent to which those
who are too young or too old to earn a living depend for support
on those who work, computed as follows:
Methods of Computing School-Going Age
Population

Sprague Interpolation
Multiplier Technique
Used to sub- divide the Assumes that each of the
age-group data to individual age in the age
derive a single-year bracket contribute
population equally to the total
population of the
specified age bracket
Example 1:
Using Sprague
Multiplier
Example 2:
Using Interpolation
Technique
 Population Distribution
➢ Describe the distribution of population in the locality focusing on:

1. Urban and Rural Household Population (Table DE–3)

a. Compare the urban and rural household
population distribution in the study area.
b. Discuss which are the most populated barangays
and explain the situation by tracing to such factors
as proximity to town center or central business
district (CBD), accessibility to transportation lines,
presence of population catalyzers line industries,
major institutions, and the like.
Table DE-3: Household Population by Urban and Rural Barangay
and Average Household Size, Year ___

Household
Population
 Population Distribution
2. Urbanization Level

a. Discuss the urbanity or urbanization level of a

locality. This shall be determined using the formula:
(refer to Table DE–4).
 Population Distribution
2. Urbanization Level

b. Compare urbanization levels of the locality during

the past census years and with that of the
urbanization level of the province/region. The latter
comparison may be attributed to the role of the
locality in the province/region among others.
Table DE-4: Urbanization Levels for the Past 20 Years
 Population Distribution
3. Population Density, Gross Population Density, Urban
Density and Built-Up Density (refer to Table DE–5)
 Population Distribution
3. Population Density, Gross Population Density, Urban
Density and Built-Up Density (refer to Table DE–5)
a. Determine and discuss the levels of population
concentration in the locality, barangays or built-up
areas using working Table DE–3.
b. Compare and account for the differences in population
concentration or densities of the different barangays in
the locality. Current data maybe compared with those
of the province or neighboring local government units
citing factors/reasons that may have led to such
population concentration levels
 Population Distribution
4. Hierarchy of Settlements/Barangays
a. Discuss the hierarchy of settlements/barangays
based on the population per barangay,
population density, and urbanization level of
the locality.
b. Identify the barangays with potentials of
becoming nodal growth centers, centers of
population, and satellite barangays based on
population and built-up density.
 Population Changes
➢ Discuss population changes in terms of the following:
1. Historical Growth of Population
Discuss the increase or decrease in population per
census year and the corresponding growth rates.
Include a discussion on the trend of increase or
decrease and cite events that may have influenced
said trends. Refer to Table DE–6 and Annex DE–3.
Relevant Demographic Concepts to PopDev
Planning for relevant concepts on population growth
pattern.
 Population Changes
2. Fertility and Mortality:
Crude Birth Rate
(CBR) and Crude
Death Rate (CDR)
 Population Changes
3. Present and compare the CBR and CDR of the
locality for the last five years or between two
planning periods (refer to Table DE–7)
Any observed trend (increase/decrease) will be
useful in the subsequent analysis of the health
situation and in proposing for the needed
intervention.
 Population Changes
Other Population Characteristics
Analyze and discuss information and knowledge on
other population descriptions using basic data
gathered from NSO/PSA.
Marital Status
Both the marital status and age-sex distribution when
analyzed can indicate the fertility pattern in a locality.
• Discuss which among the age group recorded the
highest number of married female and relate it to
the number of children ever born.
 Population Changes
Mother Tongue/Ethnicity
Data on mother tongue are used in the analysis of the
ethnic origin of a person. Present the percentage
distribution of the various dialects/languages spoken
by the population.

• Discuss why majority of the population speak a

certain dialect by relating it to the municipality’s
location and immigration trend (refer to Table DE-9).
 Population Changes
Religious Affiliation
Mention the various religions in the locality and give
percentage distribution of each. This information shall
be useful input for the LGUs in determining required
places of worship per religious affiliation (refer to Table
DE-10 and Table DE-11).
 Population Changes
Literacy Rate
Literacy rate is the percentage of the population who
have at least completed a year in elementary
education to the population seven years old and
over. Determine the proportion of the populace who
are able to read and write.
• Compare the literate urban population with the
rural population (refer to Table DE–8).
 Population Changes
Labor Force (refer to Table DE–12)
Labor force or the economically active population refers to
population 15 years old and above who are either
employed or unemployed. Of the labor force population,
compute for the percentage of those employed and
unemployed, by sex. Employed persons refer to those
engaged in any of the major occupation.
Determine which among the major occupation has the
highest number of employed persons and examine the
distribution to major industry group.
 Population Changes
Other relevant information
Discuss other characteristics of the population that may
have significance to the planning process such as disabled
persons, migration pattern, overseas workers, etc. (refer to
Table DE–13 to Table DE–17).
02 Demographic Analysis

B. PROJECTIONS & ESTIMATES

 Population Projections and Estimates
Population Projections are a basic requirement in
planning a city/municipality. These projections are
primarily used as basis for estimating future needs for
basic services (e.g. education and health services),
determining level of demand for facilities and utilities,
economic-related needs and corresponding spatial
requirements, among others.
 Population Projections and Estimates
There are three basic methods in projecting the future level of population, namely:

• Mathematical method – estimates the future population using

mathematical formulas such as the geometric rate, exponential growth
rate and in some cases the participation rate or the ratio and proportion
method.
• Economic method – considering that population growth is closely
related to changing economic circumstances, the future population can
also be projected in terms of future economic conditions. This method
depends on a projection of the future employment opportunities or job-
population ratios in the future.
• Component or cohort-survival method – projects the future
population by various demographic components such as age and sex
using information on births, deaths, and migration.
Methods of Projecting Future Population
Methods of Projecting Future Population
Participation Rate (PR) Method
This method simply uses ratio or percent share of a particular
segment of population to total population using actual/latest census
data. The PR or ratio when applied to projected population will
provide disaggregated projections such as population per barangay,
dependent population, labor force population, population per age
group, and others as may be needed for planning purposes.
 Demographic Projections

City/ Municipal Yearly Population Projected

Population Population by Projection by Labor Force
Projection Barangay Age-Group
Thank You!