Name: Mazen Mostafa Ibrahim
metwaly
Class:3F
Subject: physics
Lesson 1
Electromagnetic Induction: It is a phenomenon in which an
induced electromotive force and also an induced current are generated in
the conductor by a changing magnetic field (magnetic flux))
∆∅m∶ variation in the magnetic flux(weber)
∆t: time interval (second)
N: Number of turns of solenoid
(-): The negative sign By Lenz
EMF: electromotive force (Voltage)
Lesson 2
Lenz’s law: The induced current must be in a direction such as
to oppose the change producing it
Lenz’s law: used to determine the direction of induced current
in a coil
Lesson 3
Mutual induction between two coils: It’s the electromagnetic effect takes
place between two coils when an induced emf generated in one of them
(secondary coil) due current variation in the other coil (primary coil)
EMF₂: The induced electromotive force in the secondary coil
(volts).
M: Coefficient of mutual induction or mutual inductance
(Henries).
ΔI₁ / Δt: The rate of change of current in the primary coil
(amperes per second).
N₂: Number of turns in the secondary coil.
ΔΦ₂ / Δt: The rate of change of magnetic flux linking the
secondary coil (Weber per second).
Self-induction in a coil: The phenomenon of inducing emf in a coil due to
change in current in the same coil and hence the change in magnetic flux
in the coil.
E: Induced emf in the coil (V).
L: Self-inductance of the coil (H).
ΔI/Δt: Rate of change of current in the coil (A/s).
N: Number of turns in the coil.
ΔΦ/Δt: Rate of change of magnetic flux linking with the coil
(Wb/s).
Lesson 4
Fleming Right Hand Rule: Used to determine the direction of
induced current in the wire.
EMF: Electromotive force (volt)
B: Magnetic field of density (tesla)
L:Length of wire (meter)
V: Velocity (m/s)=Δ x / Δt
𝜽: angle between the motion (of the wire) and direction and the
magnetic lines
B: Magnetic flux density (T).
A: Area of the coil (m²).
N: Number of turns in the coil.
f: Frequency of the alternating current (Hz).
θ: Angle between the magnetic field and the normal to the
coil.
EMF: The instantaneous value of induced emf generated
in the coil.
θ: The angle between the normal to the coil’s plane (axis
of the coil) and the magnetic flux lines.
I: The instantaneous value of induced current generated in
the coil.
R: The total resistance of the coil
Lesson 5
Eddy currents: They are induced currents that circulate in closed paths
due to the change in magnetic flux through a solid conductor associating
with heating effect
Pp: Power at the primary coil.
Ps: Power at the secondary coil.
Vp: Voltage (potential difference) at the primary coil.
Vs: Voltage (potential difference) at the secondary coil.
Ip: Current at the primary coil.
Is: Current at the secondary coil.
Np: Number of turns at the primary coil.
Ns: Number of turns at the secondary coil.
K: Transformer ratio (K=Ns/Np=Vs/Vp ).
𝜼:Efficiency of a transformer
